Elementary New Testament Greek, 2014a

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5: Adjectives, The Verb “to Be” and Nouns of the 1st Declension 5: Adjectives, The Verb “to Be” and Nouns of the 1st Declension 59 Not Just Any Apostle! In our own speech we often describe the things we’re talking about: the holy apostle, or the good apostle, or the rst apostle, or the last apostle, or the other apostle, or the dead apostle, and so on. Words that do the work of modifying or describing nouns are known as Adjectives, another of the ten parts of speech (types of words) we are encountering in Greek. [We’ve already learned of verbs, nouns, articles, conjunctions, and adverbs.] In Mounce’s Interlinear code, an adjective is signaled by an “a.” The Agreement of Adjectives with Their Governing Nouns Since an adjective modies (and so serves) a noun, it only seems reasonable that an adjective must agree with the noun it is modifying in case, number, and in gender. In other words, all three components of parsing information (case, number, gender) must match. Carefully note that this does not mean that the endings of an adjective must match its partnered noun in spelling; only that they match in information! Because an adjective (like the article) must be able to agree with a noun of any gender as it is found in any case or number, the adjective must have endings enabling it to cover the full range of cases, numbers and genders. Below is the adjective ( good, noble, ne, excellent) shown in its full range of possible forms. Singular Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter nominative genitive dative accusative nominative genitive dative accusative The Positions of the Adjective We have made it clear that Greek word order is highly exible, open to many variations without essential change in sentence meaning. But Greek is not totally indifferent to word order. In the matter of how an adjective stands in relation to the noun it modies, Greek has specic preferences. Consider the following sentence involving articular nouns without adjectives: (The angel is giving the book to the children.)
Now, let’s modify each of the nouns with the adjective we have just learned (). Notice how the adjective is placed between the article and its noun, in an article-adjectivenoun sequence: [ ] [ ] [ ] (English Translation: The good angel is giving the good book to the good children.) But the same idea can be expressed in Greek with a second pattern, the article-noun-article-adjective sequence. As you can see below, the adjective is placed after the noun, but with the article repeated just before the adjective: [ ] [ ] [ ] (English Translation: The good angel is giving the good book to the good children.) These two patterns of word order relating an adjective to its (articular) noun are called Attributive Positions. But notice what happens when the adjective is not preceded by the article [article-noun-adjective, or adjective-article-noun]: Either… ...or… These sequences (in the nominative case) create an Independent Declaration: The angel is good. Even though we see no Greek word for “is” in these sequences, these arrangements call on us to “supply” the idea of “being” (whether in the present, past, or future, as context may require). These patterns of word order are called Predicate Positions, since they make predications (actual declarations). Along with Attributive and Predicate positions is the third and last position we’ll consider: the Substantive Position. Consider these English lines: The righteous always help the poor; The wicked always abuse the poor. 5: Adjectives, The Verb “to Be” and Nouns of the 1st Declension 60
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Greek Elementary New Testament Jose
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Dedicated to my mentors in Greek H
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5: Adjectives, The Verb “to Be”
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Preface to the First Edition (Under
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1: Reading Greek Aloud 1: Reading G
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1: Reading Greek Aloud Additional N
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1: Reading Greek Aloud Consonants a
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1: Reading Greek Aloud Should the E
Page 26 and 27: 1: Reading Greek Aloud Digging into
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Page 33 and 34: Understanding Verb Parsing The arro
Page 35 and 36: expressing internal aspect. In Engl
Page 37 and 38: Please note carefully that three di
Page 39 and 40: 3) Middle Voice Finally, you will o
Page 41 and 42: Verbs with Roots ending in Short Vo
Page 43 and 44: Verbs Without Connecting Vowels (μ
Page 45 and 46: Digging into the New Testament Text
Page 47 and 48: Exercises I. Short Answer Doing exe
Page 49 and 50: 9) 10) 11) 12) Solutions to Exe
Page 51 and 52: 7) . 8) μ μ . 9) μ
Page 53 and 54: Tagged Sentences Angels D crowns P
Page 55 and 56: Mrs. Davis pondered a coyote in the
Page 57 and 58: The Dative Case The dative case in
Page 59 and 60: Original. But shifting the subject
Page 61 and 62: The Vocative: The whole sentence is
Page 63 and 64: wordlist code: 1773. Go back to App
Page 65 and 66: II. Memorizing the Endings for It
Page 67 and 68: IV. Parse For each of the following
Page 69 and 70: But how do we know which particular
Page 71 and 72: 2) CRUCIAL CONCEPT: Greek nouns are
Page 73 and 74: Chapter Four Vocabulary Adverbs: (T
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Page 79 and 80: Summary of the Positions of the Adj
Page 81 and 82: Word Order for Predicate Nouns and
Page 83 and 84: meek (ones); the merciful (ones)].
Page 85 and 86: Note: Many of these rst declension
Page 87 and 88: 6) 7) μ 8) 9) 10) 11)
Page 89 and 90: cases depending on which prepositio
Page 91 and 92: Prepositions (2) Allowing Three Cas
Page 93 and 94: But while most prepositional phrase
Page 95 and 96: New Testament Exploration Phil. 1:1
Page 97 and 98: Exercises I. Short Answer 1) Of wha
Page 100 and 101: 7: Pronouns 7: Pronouns Easing the
Page 102 and 103: 7: Pronouns An Overview of 7 Types
Page 104 and 105: 7: Pronouns The Far Demonstrative 2
Page 106 and 107: 7: Pronouns The Uses of (forms of)
Page 108 and 109: 7: Pronouns Digging Deeper into the
Page 110 and 111: 7: Pronouns Exercises I. Short Answ
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Page 115 and 116: Diagramming Co-Ordinate and Sub- Or
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Page 119 and 120: Greek Particles One of the most int
Page 121 and 122: Chapter Eight Vocabulary A signican
Page 123 and 124: μ 8: Conjunctions eye place heav
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1) In each of the translations of t
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In the PASSIVE versions of #’s 3
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The Forms of the Present Passive fo
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een called Deponent verbs because t
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Exercises I. Short Answer 1) In wha
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10: Imperfect Tense 10: Imperfect T
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10: Imperfect Tense If a verb begin
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10: Imperfect Tense contraction bet
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10: Imperfect Tense Assembly Line A
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10: Imperfect Tense Assembly Line
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10: Imperfect Tense 3) In your Inte
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10: Imperfect Tense 4) Working with
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11: The Future Tense 11: The Future
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11: The Future Tense In other words
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11: The Future Tense Integrating Pr
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11: The Future Tense The Future Ten
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11: The Future Tense 143 The “no-
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11: The Future Tense 145 1st PrinPa
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11: The Future Tense 147 2) The end
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11: The Future Tense Suppletive (
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11: The Future Tense The Future Pas
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11: The Future Tense 153 1st PrinPa
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11: The Future Tense Interpretive M
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11: The Future Tense Chapter Eleven
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11: The Future Tense 3) Working wit
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12: Aorist Tense 12: Aorist Tense T
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12: Aorist Tense The Formation of t
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12: Aorist Tense The Personal Endin
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12: Aorist Tense 167 1st PrinPart (
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12: Aorist Tense Comparison of Impe
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12: Aorist Tense 171 “I knew”
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12: Aorist Tense A Review of the Te
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12: Aorist Tense the Parts of Speec
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12: Aorist Tense 177 3) Working wit
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12: Aorist Tense III. Synthetic Sen
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Nouns love (5) , angel (3) br
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Verbs [] I love (10) [] I draw, l
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slave, servant (8) gift (3) []
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child (3) again (4) always (4) +
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The declension of stem a prophet
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Third Declension The 3rd declension
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The declension of , , stem , a king
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The declension of μ small, is as
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The declension of μ μ μ great, i
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The declension of , having been d
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The declension of , this, is as f
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The declension of the reexing prono
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The rst principal part of the conju
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The fourth and fth principle parts
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The rst principle part of the conju
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The rst principle part of the conju
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Verbs: Future and Aorist of Liquid
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The third principle part of μ, I g
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The third principle part of μ, I p
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The third principle part of μ, I s
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Verbs: Conjugation of The conjugat
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Elementary New Testament Greek, 2014a

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