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APPENDIX I Stage Main category Ia Ib Ic II III IV Production . X X . X . Formulation (“aqueous solutions”) . X X . X . Formulation (“solid materials”) . . . . . . Processing . . . X X . Private use . . . . . . IC 11. Polymers industry In this report and in EUSES the polymers industry comprises the branch of chemical industry where ‘plastics’ (thermoplastics) are chemically produced, and industries where processing of thermoplastics and prepolymers takes place by means of a wide range of techniques (see below). These processes are all dealt with in IC 11 and not in branches of industry where polymers are produced (chemical industry) or processed (IC 4, 16 and 0). On the basis of the available use category document and expert judgement general release scenarios have been provided in the A- and B-tables. First, there are tables for polymerisation processes, i.e. the processing stage of substances, which are converted into polymers by polymerisation reactions, polyadditions, polycondensations, etc. This has been done in order to be able to treat them specifically apart from substances produced in ‘chemical industry’ (in principle they may be regarded as process intermediates). Several types of functions, UCs and two polymerisation processes are distinguished. Second, there are tables for the processing of polymers, i.e. “shaping” by all kinds of processes such as e.g. injection moulding, blowing, and extrusion. Although processing of polymers may occur in several ICs, e.g. IC 4 ‘Electrical/electronic industry’ and IC 16 ‘Engineering industries: civil and mechanical’, only one release scenario was introduced at the present IC. Several types of functions, UCs and thermoplastics and thermosetting resins are distinguished in the scenario. Table for IC 11 of the MCs for the possible stages of the life-cycle which may be chosen on account of the UC chosen (for interpretation of the MC see Table 1): Stage Main category Ia Ib Ic II III IV Production . X X . X . Formulation . X X . X . Processing (“polymerisation”) . . . . . . Processing . . . . . . Recovery Not yet considered IC 12. Pulp, paper and board industry Strictly speaking only the production of pulp, paper and cardboard out of wood or waste paper belongs to this IC. As the HEDSET categorisation does not specifically distinguish the reprographic industry this important activity has been separated from the general category 0 “Others”. 214
APPENDIX I For this IC both emission scenario and use category documents are available. The emission scenario document deals with wastewater and the local situation. The release scenarios in the Aand B-tables are applicable to the stage of processing printing and allied processes, and the production of pulp, paper and board (including paper dyeing). The stage of recovery (paper recycling) is also considered in the tables. Two UCs are specifically considered, i.e. UC 10 “Colouring agents” used as pigments in inks and as dyes for paper mass colouring, UC 20 and 31 (“Fillers” and “Impregnation agents”) both used in paper production and UC 45 “Reprographic agents” which is a “collection” of all kinds of uses and functions of substances in printing and allied processes. Table for IC 12 of the MCs for the possible stages of the life-cycle which may be chosen on account of the UC chosen (for interpretation of the MC see Table 1): Stage Main category Ia Ib Ic II III IV Production (UC ≠ 10) . X X . X . Production (UC = 10) . . . . . . Formulation . X X . X . Recovery . . . . . . IC 13. Textile processing industry This IC covers treatment of fibres (“cleaning”, spinning, dyeing, etc.), weaving, and finishing (e.g. impregnation, coating, etc.). For this IC both emission scenario and use category documents are available. The release scenarios in the A- and B-tables are specific for IC 10 “Colouring agents” and general for other relevant UCs. Table for IC 13 of the MCs for the possible stages of the life-cycle which may be chosen on account of the UC chosen (for interpretation of the MC see Table 1): Stage Main category Ia Ib Ic II III IV Production (UC ≠ 10) . X X . X . Production (UC = 10) . . . . . . Formulation . X X . X . Processing . . . . . . Private use (only UC = 10) . . . . . . IC 14. Paints, lacquers and varnishes industry Apart from the manufacture of coating products (stage of formulation) such as paints this report and EUSES also consider application of these products as belonging to this IC. This has been done because otherwise many release scenarios would have to be introduced in many other ICs. These could include for example IC 5 “Personal/domestic” for private use, IC 6 “Public domain” for professional application by house painters and in (small) workshops, and many industrial applications. The latter could include IC 16 “Engineering industries: civil and mechanical” in the 215
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Institute for Health and Consumer P
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LEGAL NOTICE Neither the European C
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OVERVIEW This Technical Guidance Do
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CONTENTS 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION ...
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4.2.3.4 Use of biodegradation scree
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1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROU
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GENERAL INTRODUCTION countries in t
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GENERAL INTRODUCTION PNEC is regard
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2 ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT r
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2.2 MEASURED DATA ENVIRONMENTAL EXP
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT w
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT o
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT T
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT r
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Production ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE A
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Back to processing Product at end o
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT s
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Explanation of symbols ENVIRONMENTA
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT s
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT U
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT a
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT F
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2.3.5.1 Adsorption to aerosol parti
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT I
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2.3.6.1 Hydrolysis ENVIRONMENTAL EX
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2.3.6.3 Photochemical reactions in
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constant of zero. However, if it ca
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT A
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT a
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Primary Settler Aeration Tank 2 5 3
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT I
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT d
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT e
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Table 10 Overview of different expo
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT -
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2.3.8.3 Calculation of PEClocal for
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT W
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Guidance for calculating PEClocal i
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Concentration (% of initial) 160 14
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Calculation of PEClocalsoil For soi
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
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Output ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSES
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3 EFFECTS ASSESSMENT 3.1 INTRODUCTI
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3.2.1.1 Completeness of data New su
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT • it is clearl
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT 3.3 EFFECTS ASSE
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Table 16 Assessment factors to deri
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Input data EFFECTS ASSESSMENT The m
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Estimation of the PNEC The PNEC is
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT biodegradability
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Table 17 Test systems for derivatio
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT representative o
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In the partitioning method, it is a
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT As mentioned in
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3.6.2.1 Calculation of PNEC using t
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3.7 EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR THE AIR
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT procedure availa
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT bioaccumulation
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT For some chemica
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT i.e. without enh
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Conversion factors for laboratory a
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT • relative sen
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT Earthworms are a
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT environment
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT of equal rel
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4.2.3.3 Marine biodegradation simul
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT In addition
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Explanation of symbols MARINE RISK
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT evaluate the
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT marine water
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT The addition
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT Statistical
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT sediment, fo
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Table 27 Assessment factors for der
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Table 28 continued Acute and chroni
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT of different
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT • a measur
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Page 175 and 176: MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT The use of t
Page 177 and 178: 4.4.4.2 Assessment of measured BCF
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Page 181 and 182: Table 33 Overview of PEC/PNEC ratio
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Page 185 and 186: Classified dangerous to the Environ
Page 187 and 188: RISK CHARACTERISATION eaters. This
Page 189 and 190: 6 TESTING STRATEGIES 6.1 INTRODUCTI
Page 191 and 192: TESTING STRATEGIES Performance of a
Page 193 and 194: TESTING STRATEGIES Care must be tak
Page 195 and 196: Algal testing Algae toxicity test (
Page 197 and 198: TESTING STRATEGIES • long-term te
Page 199 and 200: Microbial assays TESTING STRATEGIES
Page 201 and 202: TESTING STRATEGIES A soil bioassay
Page 203 and 204: REFERENCES Brandes LJ, den Hollande
Page 205 and 206: REFERENCES IPCS (2000). Framework f
Page 207 and 208: REFERENCES OECD (1984f). Activated
Page 209 and 210: REFERENCES Pack S. (1993). A review
Page 211: REFERENCES US EPA (1996). Whole Sed
Page 214 and 215: APPENDIX I volume imported in the E
Page 216 and 217: APPENDIX I MC IV “Wide dispersive
Page 218 and 219: APPENDIX I 210 Stage Main category
Page 220 and 221: APPENDIX I the number of days over
Page 224 and 225: APPENDIX I manufacturing of motor c
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Page 228 and 229: APPENDIX I 220 A-tables Estimates f
Page 230 and 231: APPENDIX I PRIVATE USE Not applicab
Page 232 and 233: APPENDIX I IC = 3: CHEMICAL INDUSTR
Page 234 and 235: APPENDIX I IC = 5: PERSONAL /DOMEST
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Page 240 and 241: APPENDIX I IC = 9: MINERAL OIL AND
Page 242 and 243: APPENDIX I WASTE TREATMENT Table A5
Page 244 and 245: APPENDIX I For the emission factors
Page 246 and 247: APPENDIX I INDUSTRIAL USE Table A3.
Page 248 and 249: APPENDIX I INDUSTRIAL USE Table A3.
Page 250 and 251: APPENDIX I PRIVATE USE Table A4.5 C
Page 252 and 253: APPENDIX I PRIVATE USE Table A3.16
Page 254 and 255: APPENDIX I 246 B-tables Estimates f
Page 256 and 257: APPENDIX I FORMULATION Table B2.2 f
Page 258 and 259: APPENDIX I IC = 3: CHEMICAL INDUSTR
Page 260 and 261: APPENDIX I IC = 5: PERSONAL/DOMESTI
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APPENDIX I Appendix I-a: List of sy
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APPENDIX I No. Use Category No. Fun
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APPENDIX I Appendix I-b: List of sy
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APPENDIX I 290 Organic intermediate
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APPENDIX I Other IC/UC combinations
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APPENDIX II Appendix II Fate of che
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APPENDIX II b) Inherent biodegradab
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APPENDIX II log H % removal -4 -3 -
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APPENDIX III Appendix III Evaluatio
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APPENDIX III Field studies In gener
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APPENDIX IV together the mentioned
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290 Table 1 Selected soil test meth
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292 Table 1 continued Selected soil
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298 Table 1 Selected freshwater sed
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APPENDIX VII Appendix VII Toxicity
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APPENDIX VIII collection), and that
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APPENDIX VIII chemicals (see Sectio
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APPENDIX VIII Multimedia fate model
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APPENDIX VIII Monitoring data Metal
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APPENDIX VIII homeostatic regulatio
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APPENDIX IX based on the proportion
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APPENDIX IX Definition of “blocks
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APPENDIX IX these “blocks” will
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APPENDIX IX and PNECs for the “bl
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APPENDIX XI Appendix XI Environment
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APPENDIX XII Appendix XII Connectio
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APPENDIX XII +40% compared to 1992.
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APPENDIX XIII other substance is be
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APPENDIX XIV Taxonomic group No. of
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