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APPENDIX XIII other substance is being assessed, then the risk assessment of the original substance must be taken into account in the risk assessment of the other substance. If the emissions can not be covered by the ESR or BPD, the rapporteur is recommended to use the available information on these emissions as far as possible to carry out a risk characterisation. In the case that “further information is needed” (Conclusion (i)), then, in general, it can not be the obligation of the producers or importers of the substance under examination to obtain such information. For biocides, sources which include substances of natural origin or releases from other biocidal uses should be taken into account in the risk assessment. When it comes to cumulative effects of a substance used also outside the scope of the BPD (e.g. in plant protection products) and maybe regulated with another Directive there is, at the time of revision of the TGD, still a need for a common EU decision on how to handle such cases. Exclusion of other than only biocidal uses from the assessment causes difficulties, for example, when using monitoring data or comparing measured residue data with Maximum Residue Limits. 326
APPENDIX XIV Appendix XIV Information on the difference in diversity between saltwater and freshwater The greater diversity of species in saltwaters 11 compared to freshwaters has been recognised for many years. In the key work “The Seas”, Russell and Yonge (1928) state that “The sea is far richer in different forms of life than the land or freshwater, many groups of animals being exclusively marine”. This view has been consolidated in other publications which have based the difference on a number of factors including the fact that life originated in the seas and they have been well populated since the earliest fossil records (Tait, 1978). The results below show recent comparative data on freshwater and saltwater species diversity generated for the Danish Environmental Protection Agency by the Zoological Museum and the Department of Evolutionary Biology at University of Copenhagen. Taxonomic group No. of species Comments Porifera 4,850 (150 in freshwater) Ctenophora 50 (Exclusively marine) Cnidaria 7,000 (Exclusively marine) Tubellaria 2000 (1000 in freshwater) Trematoda 6,000 (internal parasites) ------ Cestoda 3,500 (internal parasites) ------ Nemateans 900 (Predominantly marine) Gastrotricha 150 (Marine and fresh water) Nematoda 5,000 (15,000 described species in total including parasites and terrestrial, marine and freshwater forms) Nematomorpha 4 (316 in freshwater) Achantocephala 1,150 (internal parasites) ----- Kinorhyncha 150 (Exclusively marine) Priapulida 17 (Exclusively marine) Loricifera 100 (Exclusively marine) Gnatostomolida 80 (Exclusively marine) Rotifera 100 (1,400 in freshwater) Polychata 5-10,000 (1000 in freshwater) Oligochaeta ------ (Many species; mainly in freshwater) Echinodermata 7,000 (Exclusively marine) Brachiopoda 300 (Exclusively marine) Echiura 140 (Exclusively marine) Sipunculida 350 (Exclusively marine) Pogonophora 120 (Exclusively marine) Tardigrada (Taxonomic group discovered a few 11 Except those where there are extremes of environmental conditions 327
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Institute for Health and Consumer P
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LEGAL NOTICE Neither the European C
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OVERVIEW This Technical Guidance Do
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CONTENTS 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION ...
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4.2.3.4 Use of biodegradation scree
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1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROU
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GENERAL INTRODUCTION countries in t
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GENERAL INTRODUCTION PNEC is regard
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2 ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT r
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2.2 MEASURED DATA ENVIRONMENTAL EXP
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT w
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT o
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT T
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT r
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Production ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE A
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Back to processing Product at end o
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT s
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Explanation of symbols ENVIRONMENTA
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT s
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT U
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT a
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT F
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2.3.5.1 Adsorption to aerosol parti
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT I
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2.3.6.1 Hydrolysis ENVIRONMENTAL EX
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2.3.6.3 Photochemical reactions in
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constant of zero. However, if it ca
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT A
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT a
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Primary Settler Aeration Tank 2 5 3
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT I
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT d
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT e
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Table 10 Overview of different expo
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT -
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2.3.8.3 Calculation of PEClocal for
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT W
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Guidance for calculating PEClocal i
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Concentration (% of initial) 160 14
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Calculation of PEClocalsoil For soi
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
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Output ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSES
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3 EFFECTS ASSESSMENT 3.1 INTRODUCTI
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3.2.1.1 Completeness of data New su
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT • it is clearl
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT 3.3 EFFECTS ASSE
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Table 16 Assessment factors to deri
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Input data EFFECTS ASSESSMENT The m
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Estimation of the PNEC The PNEC is
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT biodegradability
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Table 17 Test systems for derivatio
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT representative o
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In the partitioning method, it is a
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT As mentioned in
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3.6.2.1 Calculation of PNEC using t
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3.7 EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR THE AIR
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT procedure availa
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT bioaccumulation
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT For some chemica
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT i.e. without enh
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Conversion factors for laboratory a
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT • relative sen
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EFFECTS ASSESSMENT Earthworms are a
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT environment
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT of equal rel
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4.2.3.3 Marine biodegradation simul
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT In addition
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Explanation of symbols MARINE RISK
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT evaluate the
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT marine water
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT The addition
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT Statistical
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT sediment, fo
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Table 27 Assessment factors for der
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Table 28 continued Acute and chroni
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT of different
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT • a measur
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT b. the conce
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT mechanisms s
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT The use of t
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4.4.4.2 Assessment of measured BCF
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MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT required to
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Table 33 Overview of PEC/PNEC ratio
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RISK CHARACTERISATION If a refineme
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Classified dangerous to the Environ
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RISK CHARACTERISATION eaters. This
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6 TESTING STRATEGIES 6.1 INTRODUCTI
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TESTING STRATEGIES Performance of a
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TESTING STRATEGIES Care must be tak
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Algal testing Algae toxicity test (
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TESTING STRATEGIES • long-term te
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Microbial assays TESTING STRATEGIES
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TESTING STRATEGIES A soil bioassay
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REFERENCES Brandes LJ, den Hollande
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REFERENCES IPCS (2000). Framework f
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REFERENCES OECD (1984f). Activated
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REFERENCES Pack S. (1993). A review
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REFERENCES US EPA (1996). Whole Sed
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APPENDIX I volume imported in the E
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APPENDIX I MC IV “Wide dispersive
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APPENDIX I 210 Stage Main category
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APPENDIX I the number of days over
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APPENDIX I Stage Main category Ia I
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APPENDIX I manufacturing of motor c
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APPENDIX I 1. extension of the tabl
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APPENDIX I 220 A-tables Estimates f
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APPENDIX I PRIVATE USE Not applicab
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APPENDIX I IC = 3: CHEMICAL INDUSTR
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APPENDIX I IC = 5: PERSONAL /DOMEST
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APPENDIX I Table A4.1 continued Com
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APPENDIX I IC = 7: LEATHER PROCESSI
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APPENDIX I IC = 9: MINERAL OIL AND
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APPENDIX I WASTE TREATMENT Table A5
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APPENDIX I For the emission factors
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APPENDIX I INDUSTRIAL USE Table A3.
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APPENDIX I INDUSTRIAL USE Table A3.
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APPENDIX I PRIVATE USE Table A4.5 C
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APPENDIX I PRIVATE USE Table A3.16
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APPENDIX I 246 B-tables Estimates f
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APPENDIX I FORMULATION Table B2.2 f
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APPENDIX I IC = 3: CHEMICAL INDUSTR
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APPENDIX I IC = 5: PERSONAL/DOMESTI
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APPENDIX I IC = 7: LEATHER PROCESSI
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APPENDIX I IC = 9: MINERAL OIL AND
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APPENDIX I IC = 11: POLYMERS INDUST
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APPENDIX I IC =13: TEXTILE PROCESSI
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APPENDIX I IC = 16: ENGINEERING IND
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APPENDIX I Appendix I-a: List of sy
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APPENDIX I No. Use Category No. Fun
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APPENDIX I Appendix I-b: List of sy
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APPENDIX I 290 Organic intermediate
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