Developments in Ceramic Materials Research

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164 Dimitris Skarlatos, Tilemachos Zakinthinos and Ioanis Koumanoudis The same setup was used for the measurement of T30. Figure 19 shows the effect of distance from one of the 31 vases inside the church on the reverberation time T30. A significant decrease of reverberation time is observed at the frequency band of 200 Hz. The effect of distance to reverberation time of the other bands of interest is negligible. T30 (s) 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1 Effect of distance on T30 Frequency band 200 250 315 400 2500 0.9 0 20 40 60 80 Distance (cm) 100 120 Figure 19. Effect of distance on reverberation time (T 30). The strongest effect of resonators was on energy ratios. Figure 20 shows the effect of distance from one of the 31 vases inside the church on Clarity (C80) and Definition (D50) for all frequency bands of interest. There is a decrease of Clarity and Definition as regards the distance in all frequency bands of interest. The reduction of D50 does not improve the speech intelligibility. C80 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 Effect of distance on C80 Frequency band 200 250 315 400 2500 -4 0 20 40 60 80 Distance (cm) 100 120
D50 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 The Use of Ceramic Pots in Old Worship Places 165 Effect of distance on D50 Frequency band 200 250 315 400 2500 0.2 0 20 40 60 80 Distance (cm) 100 120 Figure 20. Effect of distance on Clarity and Definition. No significant change in Rapid Speech Transmission Index (RASTI) and Speech Transmission Index (STI) was observed with the presence of pots. In both cases the mean value of RASTI over eight positions of measuring was 0.58 and the STI was also 0.58. 6.2. The Effect of Number of Pots to Acoustic Quality of the Church In churches, mosques and other places of worship the main space is divided into several subspaces where strong coupling phenomena exist. For a system of N coupled spaces the energy balance equation can be written [48]: N ⎛ ⎞ () ⎜ c ∑ Sij ⎟ N i j= 1, j≠i cSij i − ⎜2 δi + ⎟Di( t) + ∑ Dj( t) = dt ⎜ 4V′ ⎟ j= 1, j≠i i 4V′ V i i dD t w ⎜ ⎟ ⎝ ⎠ Using equations (7) and (14), the energy coupling equation can be modified to include the function of resonators [49]: N ⎛ ⎞ ⎜ c ∑ Sij N () j 1, j i cnres, iσabsnres, icσ ⎟ i = ≠ res cSij i − ⎜2 δi + + − ⎟Di( t) + ∑ Dj( t) = dt ⎜ 4V′ 4Vi 4Vi ⎟ j= 1, j≠i i 4V′ V i i dD t w ⎜ ⎟ ⎝ ⎠ (16) (17)
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DEVELOPMENTS IN CERAMIC MATERIALS R
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Copyright © 2007 by Nova Science P
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PREFACE Ceramics are refractory, in
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Preface ix crystals is discussed. A
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Preface xi spectra and the directio
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2 Leslie G. Cecil comprehensive dat
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4 Leslie G. Cecil Ringle et al. (19
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6 Leslie G. Cecil The main architec
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8 Leslie G. Cecil can study “the
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10 Leslie G. Cecil Middleton et al.
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12 Leslie G. Cecil The laser ablate
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14 Leslie G. Cecil There are two ge
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16 Leslie G. Cecil distinct recipes
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18 Leslie G. Cecil second group (Fi
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20 Leslie G. Cecil The Vitzil-Orang
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22 Leslie G. Cecil Table 3. Mahalan
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24 Leslie G. Cecil Ixlú and Ch’i
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26 Leslie G. Cecil structures (D. R
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28 Leslie G. Cecil paste and Macanc
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30 Leslie G. Cecil Bieber, A. M. Jr
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32 Leslie G. Cecil Kepecs, S. M., a
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34 Leslie G. Cecil Schele, L., Grub
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36 Z. C. Li, Z. J. Pei and C. Tread
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54 T. T. Basiev, V. A. Demidenko, K
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62 I, % 100 80 60 40 20 0 T. T. Bas
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68 Fluorescence, a.u. 1 T. T. Basie
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70 Fluorescence, a.u. 1 0.1 0.01 0.
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78 k, cm -1 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4
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82 Photon counts 300 250 200 150 10
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84 Fluorescence, a.u. I transfer ,
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86 ln(I transfer (t)) -4.2 -4.4 -4.
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88 Fluorescence, a.u. I transfer ,
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In: Developments in Ceramic Materia
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Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Magnet
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a c Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Ma
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Transmission Transmission Transmiss
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214 R. Ramesh, H. Kara, Ron Stevens
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220 ε S 33 R. Ramesh, H. Kara, Ron
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242 Development of Display Technolo
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244 Li Chen technology moved to the
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246 Li Chen The continuing evolutio
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248 Li Chen the back contact cathod
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250 Li Chen Figure 3. Vertical side
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252 Li Chen Figure 6. Molybdenum mi
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254 Li Chen Figure 8(a). I-V curve
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256 Li Chen Figure 9. Life time tes
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258 Figure 11(a). Plasma generated
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260 Li Chen [13] C.A. Spindt, K.R.
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262 S. Ardizzone, C. L. Bianchi, G.
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A absorption spectra, 66, 67, 77, 7
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correlation function, 156 corrosion
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group membership, 13, 20, 21, 22, 2
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microstructure(s), x, xi, 73, 74, 2
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efraction index, 61 refractive inde
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time, vii, ix, 1, 3, 7, 8, 11, 26,
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Developments in Ceramic Materials Research

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