Developments in Ceramic Materials Research

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258 Figure 11(a). Plasma generated on the phosphor screen as high emission current impacts on the screen causing gases release into the surrounding vacuum. Li Chen Figure 11(b). Field emission electrons from one pixel of field emitter array hit the phosphor screen and generate bright illumination. Figure 12. Destructive of micro field emitter structure after field emission test. CONCLUSION The global market for flat panel displays is booming. Tremendous growth in flat panel display popularity is due largely to the improvements in quality and affordability the technologies of TFT-LCDs, PDP, OLED etc. provide. It is not surprising that alternative FED technology continue to attract investment because it holds the promise of surpassing other displays in performance, and price. Despite the many advantages of the Spindt type FEA
Field Emission Display on Ceramic 259 fabrication technique, scaling this method to large area substrates, especially larger than 400 mm on the side, is still a major technical challenge. The modern ceramics for engineering applications can be considered to be nontraditional. The new and emerging family of ceramics is referred to as advanced, new or fine, and utilise highly refined materials and new forming techniques. These new advanced ceramics, when used as an engineering material, possess several properties which can be viewed as superior to other materials’ properties. The packaging capability for electronics plus other properties such as chemical inertness, dimensional stability and mechanical hardness are attractive to FEDs application. In this chapter, the fabrication of the Spindt type micro field emitters on ceramic substrate is presented. Systematic electrical characteristics studies of the micro field emitters on ceramic are reported. In a comparison study, micro field emitters on ceramic substrate have demonstrated equivalent electrical performance as micro field emitters on silicon substrate. The ceramic unique packaging capability allows building the row and column electrodes and electrical driver to the back of substrate, which makes it feasible to scale up FED by tiling with small FEDs on ceramic. The on going research efforts focus on the development of next generation of FEDs, such as those based on carbon nanotubes cold cathodes. These new materials offer exciting new possibilities to produce cheaper and more robust displays. However, much of the physics which governs the operation of the Spindt type based FEDs remains unchanged. In other words, technological hurdles such as long term cathode reliability and high voltage break down have to be addressed regardless of the type of field emission cathode used. The mature thin film technique could allow the carbon nanotubes cathodes to be built on ceramic easily. It will not be surprised to see large panel FEDs sale on the market in the future as the techniques are already there. REFERENCES [1] A. Talin, K. A. Dean, J. E. Jaskie, Solid State Electronics 2001, 45, 96-976. [2] S. Itoh, M. Tanaka, T. Tonegawa, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 2004, 22 (3), 1362-1366. [3] I. Shah, Phys. World, 1997, 45-48. [4] B. R. Chlamala, Y. Wei, B. E. Gnade, IEEE Spectr. 1998, 35 (4), 42-51. [5] Robert B. Smith, "Electronics Developments for Field Emission Displays," Information Display February 1998, v.14, no. 2, p. 12. [6] I. Brodie and C. A. Spindt, Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics 1992, Vol. 83, 1-106. [7] C. A. Spindt, C. E. Holland, A. Rosenreen and I. Brodie, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 1991, 38(10) 2355-2363. [8] C. A. Spindt, J. Appl. Phys. 1968, 39 (7), 3504-3505. [9] P.R. Schwoebel, and I. Brodie, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 1995, 13 (4), 1391-1410. [10] M. E. Crost, K. R. Shoulders and M. H. Zinn, 1970, US Patent 3,500,102. [11] Jules D. Levine, "Field Emitter Displays," presentation made at the Flat Panel Display Processing and Research Tutorial and Symposium, San Jose Convention Center, June 21-22, 1995 [12] C.A. Spindt, K.R. Shoulders, and L.N. Heynick, U.S. Patents 3,755,704 (1973).
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DEVELOPMENTS IN CERAMIC MATERIALS R
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Copyright © 2007 by Nova Science P
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PREFACE Ceramics are refractory, in
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Preface ix crystals is discussed. A
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Preface xi spectra and the directio
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2 Leslie G. Cecil comprehensive dat
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4 Leslie G. Cecil Ringle et al. (19
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6 Leslie G. Cecil The main architec
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8 Leslie G. Cecil can study “the
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10 Leslie G. Cecil Middleton et al.
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12 Leslie G. Cecil The laser ablate
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14 Leslie G. Cecil There are two ge
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16 Leslie G. Cecil distinct recipes
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18 Leslie G. Cecil second group (Fi
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20 Leslie G. Cecil The Vitzil-Orang
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22 Leslie G. Cecil Table 3. Mahalan
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24 Leslie G. Cecil Ixlú and Ch’i
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26 Leslie G. Cecil structures (D. R
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28 Leslie G. Cecil paste and Macanc
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32 Leslie G. Cecil Kepecs, S. M., a
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34 Leslie G. Cecil Schele, L., Grub
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36 Z. C. Li, Z. J. Pei and C. Tread
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62 I, % 100 80 60 40 20 0 T. T. Bas
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68 Fluorescence, a.u. 1 T. T. Basie
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70 Fluorescence, a.u. 1 0.1 0.01 0.
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78 k, cm -1 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4
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82 Photon counts 300 250 200 150 10
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84 Fluorescence, a.u. I transfer ,
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86 ln(I transfer (t)) -4.2 -4.4 -4.
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88 Fluorescence, a.u. I transfer ,
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In: Developments in Ceramic Materia
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Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Magnet
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a c Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Ma
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Transmission Transmission Transmiss
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Sm (J/Kmol) Sm (J/Kmol) 15 10 5 Syn
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Intensity (a.u.) Intensity (a.u.) 8
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The Use of Ceramic Pots in Old Wors
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IACC ( τ ) = t2 ∫ The Use of Cer
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D50 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 The Use
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Definition (D50) 1 0.95 0.9 0.85 0.
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Modeling of Thermal Transport in Ce
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q x = Modeling of Thermal Transport
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Page 226 and 227: 212 R. Ramesh, H. Kara, Ron Stevens
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Page 256 and 257: 242 Development of Display Technolo
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Page 260 and 261: 246 Li Chen The continuing evolutio
Page 262 and 263: 248 Li Chen the back contact cathod
Page 264 and 265: 250 Li Chen Figure 3. Vertical side
Page 266 and 267: 252 Li Chen Figure 6. Molybdenum mi
Page 268 and 269: 254 Li Chen Figure 8(a). I-V curve
Page 270 and 271: 256 Li Chen Figure 9. Life time tes
Page 274 and 275: 260 Li Chen [13] C.A. Spindt, K.R.
Page 276 and 277: 262 S. Ardizzone, C. L. Bianchi, G.
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Page 301 and 302: microstructure(s), x, xi, 73, 74, 2
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Page 305 and 306: time, vii, ix, 1, 3, 7, 8, 11, 26,
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Developments in Ceramic Materials Research

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