Trade and Employment From Myths to Facts - International Labour ...

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Chapter 7: Trade diversification: Drivers and impacts regroups several political variables issued by international institutions and researchers’ studies. The Revised Combined Polity Score assesses the degree of democracy of a country (see Marshall and Jaggers, 2002). It ranges from +10 (strongly democratic) to -10 (strongly autocratic). The ICRG indicator of Quality of Government is part of the International Country Risk Guide provided by the PRS Group. 31 The ICRG indicator of Quality of Government is a mean value of the ICRG variables “Corruption”, “Law and Order” and “Bureaucracy Quality”. 32 It scales from 0 to 1 with higher values indicating a higher quality of government. Other variables: Population, R&D spending and FDI come from the WDI database provided by the World Bank. 31 Available at: http://www.prsgroup.com/ICRG.aspx. 32 These component variables can be purchased at: http://www.countrydata.com. 305
Trade and Employment: From Myths to Facts Table 7.A.1: Countries in the sample Countries Date of trade Export Theil Countries Date of trade Export Theil (134) Liberalization index (134) Liberalization index (1950-2001) (1988-2006) (1950-2001) (1988-2006) Albania 1992 4.60 Algeria closed 6.98 Angola closed 8.18 Argentina 1991 3.58 Armenia 1995 5.43 Australia 1964 3.60 Austria 1960 1.88 Azerbaijan 1995 6.28 Bangladesh 1996 4.68 Belarus closed 4.01 Belgium 1959 2.20 Benin 1990 6.90 Bolivia 1985 5.21 Botswana 1979 7.34 Brazil 1991 3.11 Bulgaria 1991 2.76 Burkina Faso 1998 6.87 Burundi 1999 7.36 Cameroon 1993 6.22 Canada 1952 3.15 Cape Verde Central African 1991 5.77 Republic closed 6.66 Chad closed 7.83 Chile 1976 4.57 China closed 2.17 Colombia Dem. Rep. 1986 4.88 of Congo closed 6.43 Congo closed 7.45 Costa Rica 1986 4.97 Côte d'Ivoire 1994 5.63 Croatia closed 2.74 Cyprus 1960 3.71 Czech Republic 1991 2.04 Denmark 1959 2.22 306 Dominican Republic 1992 4.65 Ecuador 1991 6.02 Egypt 1995 4.69 El Salvador 1989 4.72 Estonia closed 3.24 Ethiopia 1996 6.33 Finland 1960 3.00 France 1959 1.95 Gabon closed 7.56 Gambia, The 1985 6.26 Georgia 1996 4.74 Germany 1959 1.71 Ghana 1985 5.73 Greece 1959 2.89 Guatemala 1988 4.45 Guinea 1986 6.97 Guinea-Bissau 1987 6.98 Guyana 1988 6.10 Haiti closed 5.08 Honduras Hong Kong 1991 4.84 (China) Always 2.56 Hungary 1990 2.55 Iceland closed 5.12 India closed 2.98 Indonesia Iran, Islamic 1970 3.71 Rep. closed 7.45 Ireland 1966 3.63 Israel 1985 3.78 Italy 1959 1.56 Jamaica 1989 5.92 Japan 1964 2.47 Jordan 1965 4.85 Kazakhstan closed 5.16
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Trade and Employment From Myths to
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Trade and Employment From Myths to
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PREFACE Trade negotiations -bilater
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Trade and Employment: From Myths to
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EDITORS AND CONTRIBUTORS EDITORS Ma
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The editors wish t
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NEW EVIDENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMEN
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Chapter 2: New evidence on trade an
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Region Annualized percentage change
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Region 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 200
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Figure 2.4.b: Long-run association
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20 See Harrison and Rodriguez-Clare
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ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF TRADE ON EM
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Chapter 3: Assessing the impact of
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p * Chapter 3: Assessing the impact
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APPPENDIX 3.A: TABLES Chapter 3: As
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TRADE AND THE INFORMAL ECONOMY 4.1
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Chapter 4: Trade and the informal e
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For more than two decades, quantita
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GENDER ASPECTS OF TRADE 5.1 INTRODU
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and income-earning opportunities ge
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Figure 5.1: Description of gender i
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Chapter 5: Gender aspects of trade
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A third view is that the type of jo
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REFERENCES Chapter 5: Gender aspect
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