Trade and Employment From Myths to Facts - International Labour ...

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Trade and Employment: From Myths to Facts Figure 2.3.b: Long-run association between trade liberalization and employment, developing countries (excluding China) Long diff. level change in employment No. of workers (thousands) –4000 –2000 0 2000 4000 IND MYS BGD GTM BRA CRI IRN MDG MEX MAR SLV MUS ECU EGY HND COL HTI GHA ALB BOL NPL JAM CHL MWI JOR LSO LTU CAF CMR ETH FJI NIC LVA BWA KENCIV DZA NGA LKA PER TUR THA PAK PAN PHL TUN SEN UGA URY TZA PRY ZAF SYR VEN ZWE PNG BGR Fitted line IDN ARG UKR –60 –40 –20 0 20 Long diff. level change in tariffs (Percentage points) Source: UNIDO INDSTAT2 (2009); Economic Freedom of the World (2009). Figure 2.4.a: Short-run association between trade liberalization and real wages, developing countries Five year level change in real wages (Constant 1984 U.S. dollars) –10000 –5000 0 5000 10000 Fitted line CHL CRI POL VNM ROM RUS IRN ARG HTI CHL BRA ECU ARG CAF MEX PER COLMYS JAM PER MUS BGR CHL COL MYS PHL MAR MAR BWA BRA BGD IDN PHL BOLBOL CRI MYS MUS IDN IND IDN MEX MAR EGY ARG CRI IND IDN JAM PAK PAN JAM PHL MWI KEN ECU COL CHL IDN MWI MUS KEN ECU MYS MAR MEX COL IRN MYS IRN CAF CHL BGD IND IRN DZA BRA DZA POL SYR TUR URY ZAF ZAFURY SYR RUS ROM UKR TUR ZAF LKA TZA LKALKA ZWE SEN UGA UKR ROM RUS TUR VEN TUN ZWE SEN SYR ZAF URY SYR –60 –40 –20 0 20 Five year lagged level change in tariffs (Percentage points) Source: UNIDO INDSTAT2 (2009); Economic Freedom of the World (2009). Note: Wages refers to total annual compensation received by workers as defined by UNIDO’s INDSTAT2 database 34
Figure 2.4.b: Long-run association between trade liberalization and real wages, developing countries Long diff. level change real wages (Constant 1984 U.S. dollars) 0000 -5000 0 5000 PER CRI IND BGR Fitted line PHLLKA PAK PAN TUR MAR UGA MEX URY UKR ALB HTI GHA IDN MUS BOL NPL SEN COL CHN THA ARG EGY GTM SLV ECU IRN BRA MDG POL JAM SYR NIC FJI ROM RUS LVA CHL MYS LTU CMR BWA LSOETH PRY BGD MWI TZA CAF HND KEN TUN JOR ZAF ZWE CIV Source: UNIDO INDSTAT2 (2009); Economic Freedom of the World (2009). Note: Wages refers to total annual compensation received by workers as defined by UNIDO’s INDSTAT2 database. Import Penetration 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 Chapter 2: New evidence on trade and employment: An overview Figure 2.5: Import penetration and import penetration from low-wage countries to the United States, 1979-2002 Import Penetration (IP) IP: Low Income Countries 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Year Source: Ebenstein et al. (2009). Note: Import penetration and import penetration from low-wage countries come from Bernard, Bradford Jensen and Schott (2006). We aggregate the industry-level data to an annual number using employment weights calculated from the Current Population Survey’s Outgoing Rotation Groups 1979-2002. VEN NGA PNG DZA 35
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Page 5 and 6: PREFACE Trade negotiations -bilater
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Page 11 and 12: EDITORS AND CONTRIBUTORS EDITORS Ma
Page 13 and 14: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The editors wish t
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p * Chapter 3: Assessing the impact
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APPPENDIX 3.A: TABLES Chapter 3: As
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TRADE AND THE INFORMAL ECONOMY 4.1
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Chapter 4: Trade and the informal e
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For more than two decades, quantita
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GENDER ASPECTS OF TRADE 5.1 INTRODU
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and income-earning opportunities ge
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Figure 5.1: Description of gender i
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A third view is that the type of jo
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REFERENCES Chapter 5: Gender aspect
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Trade and Employment: From Myths to
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