Trade and Employment From Myths to Facts - International Labour ...

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Copyright © International Labour Organization 2011 First published 2011 Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, application should be made to ILO Publications (Rights and Permissions), International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, or by email: pubdroit@ilo.org. The International Labour Office welcomes such applications. Libraries, institutions and other users registered with reproduction rights organizations may make copies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. Visit www.ifrro.org to find the reproduction rights organization in your country. Trade and employment: from myths to facts / International Labour Office. - Geneva: ILO, 2011 International Labour Office ISBN: 978-92-2-125320-4 (print) ISBN: 978-92-2-125321-1 (web pdf) trade / trade liberalization / employment / employment policy / gender equality / informal economy / developed countries / developing countries 1 v. 09.05.1 ILO Cataloguing in Publication Data This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the authors and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the International Labour Organization. The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. Reference to names of firms and commercial products and processes does not imply their endorsement by the International Labour Office, and any failure to mention a particular firm, commercial product or process is not a sign of disapproval. Visit our website: www.ilo.org/publns Photocomposed in Switzerland SCR Printed in Switzerland ATA
PREFACE Trade negotiations –bilateral, regional or multilateral – routinely lead to debates on the implications for employment. There are promises of new and better jobs as well as concerns over job losses and pressure on wages and labour rights. Factual assessments of the employment and distributional impacts of trade agreements are, however, too often missing. This edited volume tries to address this disconnect between the trade-andemployment linkages in public debates and the relative absence of factual assessments of the employment and distributional implications of trade. The publication is an outcome of a joint project of the European Commission and the International Labour Office on “Assessing and addressing the employment effects of trade”. This publication has three objectives: First, to fill knowledge gaps by taking stock of the existing evidence on trade and employment with a focus on work using recent methodologies and datasets and on work that pays special attention to the functioning of labour markets. Second, to contribute to the design of tools that governments, social partners and experts can use to evaluate the employment effects of trade. And third, to contribute to the design of policy mixes that promote open markets whilst at the same time promoting quality jobs with adequate levels of protection. We are confident this publication will contribute to strengthening the evidence base for trade and employment policies. Ultimately, we hope that it will facilitate the design of new generations of coherent policies that ensure the economic and social sustainability of globalization. María Angélica Ducci Fokion Fotiadis Executive Director Director General Office of the Director General Directorate-General for Development International Labour Office and Cooperation - EuropeAid European Commission v
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Page 11 and 12: EDITORS AND CONTRIBUTORS EDITORS Ma
Page 13 and 14: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The editors wish t
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20 See Harrison and Rodriguez-Clare
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ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF TRADE ON EM
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Chapter 3: Assessing the impact of
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APPPENDIX 3.A: TABLES Chapter 3: As
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TRADE AND THE INFORMAL ECONOMY 4.1
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Chapter 4: Trade and the informal e
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For more than two decades, quantita
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GENDER ASPECTS OF TRADE 5.1 INTRODU
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and income-earning opportunities ge
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Figure 5.1: Description of gender i
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Chapter 5: Gender aspects of trade
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A third view is that the type of jo
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REFERENCES Chapter 5: Gender aspect
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Trade and Employment: From Myths to
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