Revision of Passiflora Subgenus Decaloba ... - Passion Flowers

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entites in the left half of the scatter plot having larger flowers than those individuals in the right half. 84 The unrooted neighbor joining tree produced from an analysis of the entire morphological data set of the P. suberosa complex (Tab. 5.4-5.5) is shown in Fig. 5.3. Passiflora suberosa ssp. suberosa and P. tridactylites, the two most morphologically distinct taxa in the P. suberosa complex, are clearly resolved at the “top” of the tree. One accession of P. suberosa ssp. litoralis from the Galapagos is more similar to P. tridactylites than to other members of the subspecies from Central and South America, but P. tridactylites can be easily separated from this accession by its elongated androgynophore (the average androgynophore length of P. tridactylites is 7.5 mm and the average androgynophore length of this accession of P. suberosa ssp. litoralis from the Galapagos is 5.9 mm; char. #19) and longer outer coronal filaments (the average length of the filaments in the outer coronal row of P. tridactylites is 7.5 mm and the average length of the filaments in the outer coronal row of this accession of P. suberosa ssp. litoralis from the Galapagos is 5.2 mm; char. #8). Passiflora suberosa ssp. suberosa forms two distinct clusters, a Lesser Antillean group and a largely Greater Antillean group, with one accession from Hawaii (Oahu) and one from St. Croix found within the Greater Antillean cluster. Most of the P. pallida accessions form a cluster toward the “base” of the neighbor joining tree, but four accessions of P. pallida are placed elsewhere, intermixed with P. suberosa ssp. litoralis, indicating that the differences between these two taxa are sometimes difficult to discern. There are many smaller
85 clusters of P. suberosa ssp. litoralis, all primarily positioned adjacently on the tree between the P. tridactylites/P. suberosa ssp. suberosa group and the P. pallida group. These results suggest that both P. tridactylites and P. suberosa ssp. suberosa may have evolved from a non-monophyletic P. suberosa ssp. litoralis. One small cluster of two accessions from coastal areas of Ecuador and Peru are located in a small group just “below” the larger P. tridactylites/P. suberosa ssp. suberosa cluster. However, the rest of the clusters of P. suberosa ssp. litoralis contain individuals from mainly high elevations in México and Central America with South American accessions scattered within them. In addition, two individuals, which may be of hybrid origin and possess affinities of P. pallida and P. suberosa, occur at two different locations in the neighbor joining tree, but they are both most similar to P. pallida.
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REVISION OF PASSIFLORA SUBGENUS DEC
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study was supp
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of Florida Herbarium, Florida Museu
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esources to this project. Walter Ju
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Distribution and Ecology ..........
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Description of Passiflora tacana...
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7.2. Table indicating the type and
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3.15. Box plots of character 2 (sti
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3.47. Box plots of character 34 (le
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8.19. Flower of P. trinifolia (MacD
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Abstract of Dissertation Presented
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Passiflora L
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3 Species Plantarum, taxonomists ha
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CHAPTER 2 TAXONOMIC HISTORY The gen
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the limen floor possessed five spot
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Cieca: Passiflora foliis indivisis
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11 of the species with dish-shaped
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13 species of supersection Cieca th
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15 the International Botanical Cong
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17 conventions in Fig. 3.1-3.3. The
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19 Figure 3.4. View of flower of Pa
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21 Figure 3.6. View of a longitudin
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23 repository of foreign place-name
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25 The ITS region for members of su
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(Donoghue, 1985; Mishler, 1985) spe
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Figure 3.8. Box plots of character
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Figure 3.10. Box plots of character
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Page 97 and 98: obtusifolia (50% bootstrap), and P.
Page 99 and 100: 77 Figure 4.1. The first of three m
Page 101 and 102: 79 Figure 4.3. The third of three m
Page 103 and 104: 81 Figure 4.5. A portion of the str
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Page 109 and 110: Figure 5.1. Principal components an
Page 111 and 112: Table 5.2. Cont. Variables PCI PCII
Page 113 and 114: 91 Table 5.3. Component loadings fo
Page 115 and 116: Table 5.4. Cont. 93 29. Seed width
Page 117 and 118: Table 5.5. Character values used in
Page 119 and 120: 97 Figure 5.3. Unrooted neighbor jo
Page 121 and 122: 70.1%. Principal component axis I i
Page 123 and 124: 101 Figure 5.4. Principal component
Page 125 and 126: Table 5.7. Cont. 103 Variables PCI
Page 127 and 128: 105 Table 5.8. Component loadings f
Page 129 and 130: Table 5.9. Cont. 107 30. Distance f
Page 131 and 132: 109 Figure 5.6. Unrooted neighbor j
Page 133 and 134: 111 mm long (#13, 1), and 0-2 flora
Page 135 and 136: 113 the nodes as well as in inflore
Page 137 and 138: 115 (0.13-0.14 mm in height)(#22, 3
Page 139 and 140: 117 mm in length (#26, 1), and the
Page 141 and 142: 119 longer than the central veins (
Page 143 and 144: 121 that are between 0.25 and 0.72
Page 145 and 146: Table 6.1. Cont. 123 27. Seed width
Page 147 and 148: Table 6.1. Cont. 125 74. Limen whit
Page 149 and 150: Table 6.2. Character values for tax
Page 151 and 152: 129 Figure 6.2. The single most par
Page 153 and 154: 131 the molecular study was not fea
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135 The Passiflora coriacea Complex
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137 The Passiflora suberosa Complex
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139 morphological analysis. Passifl
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141 supported P. pallida clade and
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143 clear that these processes have
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145 semierect to erect flowers with
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147 protect nectar from rain, desic
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149 Passiflora is not necessarily d
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151 and P. sexocellata in the molec
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Table 7.1. Cont. Species Heliconiin
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155 result of introduction by human
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157 the dry tropical forests typica
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159 There are two primary types of
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161 ocean. However, I do know of on
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163 all of the species in supersect
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165 plants, suggesting that a crite
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167 Lastly, the utilization of only
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169 central part of the inflorescen
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171 25): Cieca viridis Medik. [nom.
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173 trichomes; styles slender, less
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175 7. Laminar nectaries absent; le
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177 11. Androgynophore less than 11
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179 15. Outer coronal filaments gre
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181 22. Central vein length more th
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183 Slender, climbing, perennial vi
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185 greenish yellow with a flush of
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187 Antigua, Wullschlager 240 (M).
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189 Waterloo, Degener 18853 (GH, NY
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191 29 (NY); San Andrés Island, al
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193 ISLA DE JUVENTUD: Nueva Gerona,
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195 (B). Dominican Republic. -BAORU
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197 Exploration Company a las Merce
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199 120-140 m, Wallnöfer & Tut-Tes
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201 Howard & Proctor 13477 (A); Mid
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203 sobre el camino a San Gervacio,
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205 Chelem, unos 3-5 km W de Progre
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207 Vista, Standley 25357 (US); Nue
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209 Ganoruwa Hill, Peradeniya, Kand
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211 Lakela 31283 (MIN); Lagoon emba
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213 Park, Gillis 11503 (A); Homeste
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215 Mosier 5511 (NY); Adams Key, Sm
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217 Road"), 4 mi. W of Miami-Dade-M
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219 Wildlife Refuge S of Alamo, Fle
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221 Figure 8.3. Distribution of Pas
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223 labeled P. pallida, but it is a
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225 the entities in the P. suberosa
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227 Quintana Roo, México; and J. T
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Description of Passiflora suberosa
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231 3.1 mm in diameter, greenish ye
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233 operculum, 0.1-0.7 mm high, 0.1
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235 0.06-0.10 mm long, 0.02-0.03 mm
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237 near Museum, Sarant, Saums & Wa
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239 (about 1.5 km up from mouth of
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241 Vieux-Fort, Mts. Caraibes, en b
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243 BAYAMÓN: Cabra Island, San Jua
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245 15 February 1906 (C). -SAINT TH
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247 Figure 8.5. Flower of P. subero
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249 possesses trilobed leaves at re
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251 Passiflora suberosa ssp. subero
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253 and ovoid, whereas P. suberosa
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255 Passiflora suberosa L. var. hir
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Distribution and ecology 257 In the
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259 Morrone & Pensiero 6320 (MO). -
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261 Hatschbach 52826 (C); Agua Bran
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263 & Brand 2059b (MA); Entre Filad
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265 Restrepo, Vereda del Río Grand
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267 UC, US). French Overseas Territ
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269 River near Sahal K'esh, paraje
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271 Matuda & sus colaboradores 3160
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273 800 m, Arguelles 909 (CAS); 4-5
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275 antes de Aculizingo, rumbo a Or
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277 Sagastegui, Alvitaz, Carnia, Lo
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279 Osores, Figari, Díaz, Castaned
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281 between Sabana Grande and Barut
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283 shallowly trilobed leaves (comm
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285 a b c Figure 8.8. Flowers of Pa
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Description of Passiflora tridactyl
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289 yellow, ratio of inner coronal
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Notes 291 Passiflora tridactylites
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293 suberosa ssp. litoralis do not
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Description of Passiflora lancifoli
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297 light reddish purple dried; and
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299 which he called P. regalis, now
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301 Additionally, the habitats of b
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303 Figure 8.13. Distribution of P.
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305 of sepals reflexed at anthesis;
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307 regalis in his unpublished Flor
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309 Figure 8.14. Leaves and flowers
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311 abaxial surface, 0.6-0.9 mm in
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313 S of Monclova, Dorr & Atkins 22
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315 E side of Sullivan City, Correl
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317 Noyes 5670 (DUKE, TEX); Rocky c
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319 longer filaments in their coron
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Description of Passiflora eglandulo
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323 filaments at anthesis; styles 3
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325 road between San Marcos and San
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327 Passiflora eglandulosa is also
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331 mm long, 0.4-0.5 mm wide, linea
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333 Figure 8.19. Flower of P. trini
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335 dried; androgynophore 3.8 mm lo
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Notes 337 Passiflora clypeophylla i
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339 wide; petioles 0.5-2.8 cm long,
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341 Oaxaca. Tropical deciduous and
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343 vegetatively with their distinc
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345 with rounded edges, greenish ye
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347 marked with ca. 11-18 foveae. G
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349 flowers of this plant. In an un
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353 often red (4/12) at flowering n
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355 shrubs, small trees, boulders a
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357 carretera a Acapulco, 240 m, He
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359 McCormick (1982) chromatographi
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361 Passiflora mcvaughiana Descript
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363 diameter, whitish green, speckl
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365 mcvaughiana possesses the wides
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367 Figure 8.28. Fruit and seeds of
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369 2.1 mm thick, acute at both end
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371 Figure 8.30. Habit of P. tacana
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373 Passiflora cheiroptera Cortés,
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375 4/6) spots and streaks; androgy
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377 Manizales, 1500 m, Escobar & Ur
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379 Yotoco, hacienda San Martín po
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381 5491 (MO); Juanjuí, 400 m, Woy
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383 differences in the stipe and pe
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385 Passiflora megacoriacea Descrip
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387 with stipe 2.6-6.1 mm long, 0.9
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389 59c (MO); Rincón de la Vieja,
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391 vicinity of Panamá Railroad cr
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393 Passiflora megacoriacea, as not
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395 weight to be 29-44% in P. megac
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397 veins, 0.5-1.4 mm in diameter,
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Vernacular Names 399 Ala de murcié
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401 Blake 7595 (US); Cadenas, borde
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403 Carrizal, 550 m, Williams & Mol
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405 Coatzacoalcos, Coatzacoalcos, e
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407 published. It is interesting th
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409 petiolar nectaries at or near t
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Description of Passiflora itzensis
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413 very dark reddish purple, ratio
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415 species from other members of s
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419 leaf axils or inflorescences; i
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421 ruins), 600-700 ft., Proctor 29
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423 vegetatively identical to P. it
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425 DNA polymerase (Sigma-Aldrich;
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427 Figure A.1. Structure of portio
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429 agree in several ways: 1) there
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431 Figure A.1. The first of 124 mo
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LIST OF REFERENCES Bat Conservation
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435 Falling Rain Genomics, Inc. Glo
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437 Jussieu, A.L. de. 1805b. Second
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439 Masters, M.T. 1871. Contributio
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441 National Imagery and Mapping Ag
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443 Stevens, P.F. 1991. Character s
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