Revision of Passiflora Subgenus Decaloba ... - Passion Flowers

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Description of Passiflora viridiflora 352 Passiflora viridiflora 12. Passiflora viridiflora Cav. Ic. Pl. 5: 15. pl. 424. 1799. Tacsonia viridiflora (Cav.) Juss. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: 389. 1805. Murucuia viridiflora (Cav.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 3: 43. 1826. Synactila viridiflora (Cav.) Raf. Fl. Tellur. 4: 104. 1838. Psilanthus viridiflora (Cav.) M. Roem. Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 143. 1838. TYPE: MÉXICO, Guerrero, Acapulco, L. Nee s.n. (holotype: MA!; photographs DUKE!, F!, MEXU; isotype: F!). Passiflora tubiflora H. B. & K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 139. 1817. TYPE: MÉXICO, Guerrero, Acapulco, A. Humboldt & A. Bonpland s.n. (holotype: P; photograph seen). Slender, climbing or trailing, perennial vine 3 m long or more, minutely antrorsely appressed-puberulent throughout (except on ovary) with unicellular, curved trichomes, 0.05-0.13 mm long, 0.02 mm wide. Flowering stems somewhat compressed and two-edged, red (4/12) when young, 1.1-2.8 mm in diameter, with the base somewhat woody and cork-covered. Stipules asymmetrically narrowly ovate-falcate, slightly attenuate, longitudinally striate-nerved, 2.5-7.9 mm long, 0.5-1.4 mm wide, often red (5R 4/12) at flowering nodes; petioles 1.1- 7.6 cm long, inserted 0.4-22.0 mm from the basal margins of the peltate blades,
353 often red (4/12) at flowering nodes, commonly bearing in the proximal third, 0.12- 0.33(-0.55) of the distance from the base toward the apex of the petiole, 2, round or elliptic, opposite to subopposite, sessile or shortly stipitate, saucer-shaped nectaries with flat rims, 0.9-2.5 mm wide (on the widest axis), 0.3-1.5 mm high. Laminas 3.7-14.1 cm long, 1.6-19.6 cm wide, coriaceous, occasionally variegated, conspicuously peltate, deeply 3-lobed 0.60-0.82 of the distance to the leaf base, lateral lobes oblong to obovate, acute to rounded, 1.6-10.6 cm long, 1.0-5.8 cm wide, central lobes obovate, acute to rounded, 1.9-14.1 cm long, 1.0- 6.5 cm wide, narrowed at base, angle between the lateral lobes 117-180°, ratio of lateral to central lobe length 0.60-1.34, margins entire, thickened, often red (4/12), primary veins 3, diverging and branching above base, laminar nectaries present or absent (rare), (0-)4(-7), submarginal, associated with the minor veins of the abaxial surface, 0.3-1.1 mm in diameter, elliptic, sessile; tendril 0.3-1.1 mm wide, present at flowering node, absent in inflorescence. Flowers borne in leaf axils or terminal inflorescences; inflorescences 11.6-19.2 cm long, associated reduced laminas 7.3-11.3 mm long, 0.8-1.9 mm wide. Pedicels 7.5-25.0 mm long, 0.6-1.3 mm wide, paired in the leaf axils, often red (5R 4/12); bract(s) absent; spur(s) absent. Tubular flowers 5.1-8.6 mm in diameter with stipe 4.5- 11.4 mm long, 0.9-1.5 mm wide, greenish yellow (5GY 8/6); hypanthium 5.1-8.6 mm in diameter; sepals 20.5-30.1 mm long, basally connate 5.8-15.4 mm, 1.3- 3.9 mm wide, linear to narrowly ovate, acute to rounded, abaxially and adaxially greenish yellow (5GY 8/6), free portions of sepals reflexed at anthesis; petals absent; coronal filaments in 1 series, adnate to the calyx tube until they become
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REVISION OF PASSIFLORA SUBGENUS DEC
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study was supp
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of Florida Herbarium, Florida Museu
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esources to this project. Walter Ju
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Distribution and Ecology ..........
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Description of Passiflora tacana...
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7.2. Table indicating the type and
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3.15. Box plots of character 2 (sti
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3.47. Box plots of character 34 (le
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8.19. Flower of P. trinifolia (MacD
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Abstract of Dissertation Presented
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Passiflora L
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3 Species Plantarum, taxonomists ha
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CHAPTER 2 TAXONOMIC HISTORY The gen
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the limen floor possessed five spot
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Cieca: Passiflora foliis indivisis
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11 of the species with dish-shaped
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13 species of supersection Cieca th
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15 the International Botanical Cong
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17 conventions in Fig. 3.1-3.3. The
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19 Figure 3.4. View of flower of Pa
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21 Figure 3.6. View of a longitudin
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23 repository of foreign place-name
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25 The ITS region for members of su
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(Donoghue, 1985; Mishler, 1985) spe
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Figure 3.8. Box plots of character
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obtusifolia (50% bootstrap), and P.
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77 Figure 4.1. The first of three m
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79 Figure 4.3. The third of three m
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81 Figure 4.5. A portion of the str
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83 is primarily an indicator of flo
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85 clusters of P. suberosa ssp. lit
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Figure 5.1. Principal components an
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Table 5.2. Cont. Variables PCI PCII
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91 Table 5.3. Component loadings fo
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Table 5.4. Cont. 93 29. Seed width
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Table 5.5. Character values used in
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97 Figure 5.3. Unrooted neighbor jo
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70.1%. Principal component axis I i
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101 Figure 5.4. Principal component
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Table 5.7. Cont. 103 Variables PCI
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105 Table 5.8. Component loadings f
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Table 5.9. Cont. 107 30. Distance f
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109 Figure 5.6. Unrooted neighbor j
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111 mm long (#13, 1), and 0-2 flora
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113 the nodes as well as in inflore
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115 (0.13-0.14 mm in height)(#22, 3
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117 mm in length (#26, 1), and the
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119 longer than the central veins (
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121 that are between 0.25 and 0.72
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Table 6.1. Cont. 123 27. Seed width
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Table 6.1. Cont. 125 74. Limen whit
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Table 6.2. Character values for tax
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129 Figure 6.2. The single most par
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131 the molecular study was not fea
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133 are considered sibling species,
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135 The Passiflora coriacea Complex
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137 The Passiflora suberosa Complex
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139 morphological analysis. Passifl
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141 supported P. pallida clade and
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143 clear that these processes have
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145 semierect to erect flowers with
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147 protect nectar from rain, desic
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149 Passiflora is not necessarily d
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151 and P. sexocellata in the molec
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Table 7.1. Cont. Species Heliconiin
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155 result of introduction by human
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157 the dry tropical forests typica
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159 There are two primary types of
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161 ocean. However, I do know of on
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163 all of the species in supersect
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165 plants, suggesting that a crite
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167 Lastly, the utilization of only
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169 central part of the inflorescen
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171 25): Cieca viridis Medik. [nom.
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173 trichomes; styles slender, less
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175 7. Laminar nectaries absent; le
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177 11. Androgynophore less than 11
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179 15. Outer coronal filaments gre
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181 22. Central vein length more th
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183 Slender, climbing, perennial vi
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185 greenish yellow with a flush of
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187 Antigua, Wullschlager 240 (M).
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189 Waterloo, Degener 18853 (GH, NY
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191 29 (NY); San Andrés Island, al
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193 ISLA DE JUVENTUD: Nueva Gerona,
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195 (B). Dominican Republic. -BAORU
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197 Exploration Company a las Merce
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199 120-140 m, Wallnöfer & Tut-Tes
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201 Howard & Proctor 13477 (A); Mid
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203 sobre el camino a San Gervacio,
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205 Chelem, unos 3-5 km W de Progre
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207 Vista, Standley 25357 (US); Nue
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209 Ganoruwa Hill, Peradeniya, Kand
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211 Lakela 31283 (MIN); Lagoon emba
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213 Park, Gillis 11503 (A); Homeste
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215 Mosier 5511 (NY); Adams Key, Sm
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217 Road"), 4 mi. W of Miami-Dade-M
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219 Wildlife Refuge S of Alamo, Fle
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221 Figure 8.3. Distribution of Pas
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223 labeled P. pallida, but it is a
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225 the entities in the P. suberosa
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227 Quintana Roo, México; and J. T
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Description of Passiflora suberosa
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231 3.1 mm in diameter, greenish ye
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233 operculum, 0.1-0.7 mm high, 0.1
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235 0.06-0.10 mm long, 0.02-0.03 mm
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237 near Museum, Sarant, Saums & Wa
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239 (about 1.5 km up from mouth of
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241 Vieux-Fort, Mts. Caraibes, en b
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243 BAYAMÓN: Cabra Island, San Jua
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245 15 February 1906 (C). -SAINT TH
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247 Figure 8.5. Flower of P. subero
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249 possesses trilobed leaves at re
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251 Passiflora suberosa ssp. subero
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253 and ovoid, whereas P. suberosa
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255 Passiflora suberosa L. var. hir
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Distribution and ecology 257 In the
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259 Morrone & Pensiero 6320 (MO). -
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261 Hatschbach 52826 (C); Agua Bran
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263 & Brand 2059b (MA); Entre Filad
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265 Restrepo, Vereda del Río Grand
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267 UC, US). French Overseas Territ
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269 River near Sahal K'esh, paraje
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271 Matuda & sus colaboradores 3160
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273 800 m, Arguelles 909 (CAS); 4-5
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275 antes de Aculizingo, rumbo a Or
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277 Sagastegui, Alvitaz, Carnia, Lo
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279 Osores, Figari, Díaz, Castaned
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281 between Sabana Grande and Barut
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283 shallowly trilobed leaves (comm
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285 a b c Figure 8.8. Flowers of Pa
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Description of Passiflora tridactyl
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289 yellow, ratio of inner coronal
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Notes 291 Passiflora tridactylites
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293 suberosa ssp. litoralis do not
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Description of Passiflora lancifoli
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297 light reddish purple dried; and
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299 which he called P. regalis, now
Page 323 and 324: 301 Additionally, the habitats of b
Page 325 and 326: 303 Figure 8.13. Distribution of P.
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Page 329 and 330: 307 regalis in his unpublished Flor
Page 331 and 332: 309 Figure 8.14. Leaves and flowers
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Page 337 and 338: 315 E side of Sullivan City, Correl
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Page 343 and 344: Description of Passiflora eglandulo
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Page 349 and 350: 327 Passiflora eglandulosa is also
Page 351 and 352: 329 Figure 8.18. Distribution of P.
Page 353 and 354: 331 mm long, 0.4-0.5 mm wide, linea
Page 355 and 356: 333 Figure 8.19. Flower of P. trini
Page 357 and 358: 335 dried; androgynophore 3.8 mm lo
Page 359 and 360: Notes 337 Passiflora clypeophylla i
Page 361 and 362: 339 wide; petioles 0.5-2.8 cm long,
Page 363 and 364: 341 Oaxaca. Tropical deciduous and
Page 365 and 366: 343 vegetatively with their distinc
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Page 369 and 370: 347 marked with ca. 11-18 foveae. G
Page 371 and 372: 349 flowers of this plant. In an un
Page 373: 351 Figure 8.24. Distribution of P.
Page 377 and 378: 355 shrubs, small trees, boulders a
Page 379 and 380: 357 carretera a Acapulco, 240 m, He
Page 381 and 382: 359 McCormick (1982) chromatographi
Page 383 and 384: 361 Passiflora mcvaughiana Descript
Page 385 and 386: 363 diameter, whitish green, speckl
Page 387 and 388: 365 mcvaughiana possesses the wides
Page 389 and 390: 367 Figure 8.28. Fruit and seeds of
Page 391 and 392: 369 2.1 mm thick, acute at both end
Page 393 and 394: 371 Figure 8.30. Habit of P. tacana
Page 395 and 396: 373 Passiflora cheiroptera Cortés,
Page 397 and 398: 375 4/6) spots and streaks; androgy
Page 399 and 400: 377 Manizales, 1500 m, Escobar & Ur
Page 401 and 402: 379 Yotoco, hacienda San Martín po
Page 403 and 404: 381 5491 (MO); Juanjuí, 400 m, Woy
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Page 407 and 408: 385 Passiflora megacoriacea Descrip
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Page 411 and 412: 389 59c (MO); Rincón de la Vieja,
Page 413 and 414: 391 vicinity of Panamá Railroad cr
Page 415 and 416: 393 Passiflora megacoriacea, as not
Page 417 and 418: 395 weight to be 29-44% in P. megac
Page 419 and 420: 397 veins, 0.5-1.4 mm in diameter,
Page 421 and 422: Vernacular Names 399 Ala de murcié
Page 423 and 424: 401 Blake 7595 (US); Cadenas, borde
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403 Carrizal, 550 m, Williams & Mol
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405 Coatzacoalcos, Coatzacoalcos, e
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407 published. It is interesting th
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409 petiolar nectaries at or near t
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Description of Passiflora itzensis
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413 very dark reddish purple, ratio
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415 species from other members of s
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417 Figure 8.37. Distribution of P.
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419 leaf axils or inflorescences; i
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421 ruins), 600-700 ft., Proctor 29
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423 vegetatively identical to P. it
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425 DNA polymerase (Sigma-Aldrich;
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427 Figure A.1. Structure of portio
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429 agree in several ways: 1) there
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431 Figure A.1. The first of 124 mo
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LIST OF REFERENCES Bat Conservation
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435 Falling Rain Genomics, Inc. Glo
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437 Jussieu, A.L. de. 1805b. Second
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439 Masters, M.T. 1871. Contributio
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441 National Imagery and Mapping Ag
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443 Stevens, P.F. 1991. Character s
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