Revision of Passiflora Subgenus Decaloba ... - Passion Flowers

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182 138. 1819. Meioperis minima (L.) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 4: 103. 1838. Passiflora suberosa var. minima (L.) Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc. London 27: 630. 1871. LECTOTYPE (designated by E.P. Killip, 1938, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 19: 93): CURAÇAO (lectotype: LINN 1070.20, microfiche seen). Passiflora nigra Jacq. Observ. Bot. (Jacquin) 2: 27, pl. 46, fig. 3. 1767. LECTOTYPE (designated here): COLOMBIA, Cartagena, Boca Chica Inlet, Jacq. Observ. Bot. 2: 27 pl. 46, fig. 3. 1767. Passiflora parviflora Sw. Prodr. (Swartz): 97. 1788. Passiflora hirsuta var. parviflora (Sw.) M. Roem. Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2: 174. 1846. TYPE: JAMAICA, O.P. Swartz s.n. (holotype: S, photograph seen; isotype: MO!). Passiflora heterophylla Aiton. Hortus Kew. 3: 309. 1789. Cieca heterophylla (Aiton) Moench. Suppl. Meth. 101-102. 1802. TYPE: WEST INDIES, introduced into cultivation at Kew Gardens in ca. 1773. (holotype: not found). Not P. heterophylla Lam. (= P. heterophylla Aiton). 1789. Passiflora warei Nutt. Amer. J. Sci. Arts 5: 297. 1822. Cieca warei (Nutt.) M. Roem. Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2: 146. 1846. TYPE: UNITED STATES, Florida, T. Nuttall s.n. (holotype: BM!, photograph AAU!).
183 Slender, climbing, perennial vine 1-7 m long or more, sparsely to densely pubescent with unicellular curved trichomes on petiole, leaf, stem, and stipule, 0.20-0.30(-0.7) mm long, 0.02-0.03 mm wide, also minutely antrorsely appressed-puberulent throughout with unicellular, curved trichomes, 0.06-0.11 mm long, 0.02-0.03 mm wide. Flowering stems terete or somewhat compressed, 0.6-1.6(-2.5) mm in diameter, greenish yellow to very dark reddish purple, with the base woody and cork-covered. Stipules narrowly ovate-triangular, sometimes slightly falcate, acute, 2.1-6.9 mm long, 0.2-0.9 mm wide; petioles 0.3-1.8(-2.9) cm long, with 2 (rarely 1), opposite to alternate, stipitate or sometimes sessile, slightly obconical to capitate nectaries (very rarely crateriform), 0.3-0.8 mm wide (on the widest axis), 0.2-1.1 mm high, borne in the distal half of the petiole (0.49-0.92 of the distance from the base toward the apex of the petiole). Laminas 1.8-8.8(-12.0) cm long, (0.3-)1.4-8.2(-10.6) cm wide, membranous, unlobed to 3-lobed, lobed 0.20-0.50(-0.90) the distance to the leaf base, ovate to elliptic (rarely obovate), base cuneate to acute, lateral lobes ovate to oblong, acute (rarely obtuse or rounded), 1.0-5.1(-6.8) cm long, 0.3-2.1(-3.0) cm wide, central lobe ovate to elliptic (rarely obovate), central vein 1.8-8.8(-12.0) cm long, angle between the lateral lobes (33-)50-110(-152)°, ratio of lateral lobe to central vein length 0.46-0.78(-0.87), margins entire, hyaline, primary veins 1-3 (when more than one veins diverge and branch at base), laminar nectaries absent; tendril 0.2-0.7(-1.1) mm wide, present at flowering node. Flowers borne in leaf axils. Pedicels (2.0-)3.3-9.4(-17.0) mm long, 0.3-0.6 mm wide, 2 per node; bract(s) absent or rarely with one narrowly ovate, acute, bract present on the
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REVISION OF PASSIFLORA SUBGENUS DEC
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study was supp
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of Florida Herbarium, Florida Museu
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esources to this project. Walter Ju
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Distribution and Ecology ..........
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Description of Passiflora tacana...
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7.2. Table indicating the type and
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3.15. Box plots of character 2 (sti
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3.47. Box plots of character 34 (le
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8.19. Flower of P. trinifolia (MacD
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Abstract of Dissertation Presented
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Passiflora L
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3 Species Plantarum, taxonomists ha
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CHAPTER 2 TAXONOMIC HISTORY The gen
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the limen floor possessed five spot
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Cieca: Passiflora foliis indivisis
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11 of the species with dish-shaped
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13 species of supersection Cieca th
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15 the International Botanical Cong
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17 conventions in Fig. 3.1-3.3. The
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19 Figure 3.4. View of flower of Pa
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21 Figure 3.6. View of a longitudin
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23 repository of foreign place-name
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25 The ITS region for members of su
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(Donoghue, 1985; Mishler, 1985) spe
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Figure 3.8. Box plots of character
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obtusifolia (50% bootstrap), and P.
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77 Figure 4.1. The first of three m
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79 Figure 4.3. The third of three m
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81 Figure 4.5. A portion of the str
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83 is primarily an indicator of flo
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85 clusters of P. suberosa ssp. lit
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Figure 5.1. Principal components an
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Table 5.2. Cont. Variables PCI PCII
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91 Table 5.3. Component loadings fo
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Table 5.4. Cont. 93 29. Seed width
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Table 5.5. Character values used in
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97 Figure 5.3. Unrooted neighbor jo
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70.1%. Principal component axis I i
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101 Figure 5.4. Principal component
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Table 5.7. Cont. 103 Variables PCI
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105 Table 5.8. Component loadings f
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Table 5.9. Cont. 107 30. Distance f
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109 Figure 5.6. Unrooted neighbor j
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111 mm long (#13, 1), and 0-2 flora
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113 the nodes as well as in inflore
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115 (0.13-0.14 mm in height)(#22, 3
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117 mm in length (#26, 1), and the
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119 longer than the central veins (
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121 that are between 0.25 and 0.72
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Table 6.1. Cont. 123 27. Seed width
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Table 6.1. Cont. 125 74. Limen whit
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Table 6.2. Character values for tax
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129 Figure 6.2. The single most par
Page 153 and 154: 131 the molecular study was not fea
Page 155 and 156: 133 are considered sibling species,
Page 157 and 158: 135 The Passiflora coriacea Complex
Page 159 and 160: 137 The Passiflora suberosa Complex
Page 161 and 162: 139 morphological analysis. Passifl
Page 163 and 164: 141 supported P. pallida clade and
Page 165 and 166: 143 clear that these processes have
Page 167 and 168: 145 semierect to erect flowers with
Page 169 and 170: 147 protect nectar from rain, desic
Page 171 and 172: 149 Passiflora is not necessarily d
Page 173 and 174: 151 and P. sexocellata in the molec
Page 175 and 176: Table 7.1. Cont. Species Heliconiin
Page 177 and 178: 155 result of introduction by human
Page 179 and 180: 157 the dry tropical forests typica
Page 181 and 182: 159 There are two primary types of
Page 183 and 184: 161 ocean. However, I do know of on
Page 185 and 186: 163 all of the species in supersect
Page 187 and 188: 165 plants, suggesting that a crite
Page 189 and 190: 167 Lastly, the utilization of only
Page 191 and 192: 169 central part of the inflorescen
Page 193 and 194: 171 25): Cieca viridis Medik. [nom.
Page 195 and 196: 173 trichomes; styles slender, less
Page 197 and 198: 175 7. Laminar nectaries absent; le
Page 199 and 200: 177 11. Androgynophore less than 11
Page 201 and 202: 179 15. Outer coronal filaments gre
Page 203: 181 22. Central vein length more th
Page 207 and 208: 185 greenish yellow with a flush of
Page 209 and 210: 187 Antigua, Wullschlager 240 (M).
Page 211 and 212: 189 Waterloo, Degener 18853 (GH, NY
Page 213 and 214: 191 29 (NY); San Andrés Island, al
Page 215 and 216: 193 ISLA DE JUVENTUD: Nueva Gerona,
Page 217 and 218: 195 (B). Dominican Republic. -BAORU
Page 219 and 220: 197 Exploration Company a las Merce
Page 221 and 222: 199 120-140 m, Wallnöfer & Tut-Tes
Page 223 and 224: 201 Howard & Proctor 13477 (A); Mid
Page 225 and 226: 203 sobre el camino a San Gervacio,
Page 227 and 228: 205 Chelem, unos 3-5 km W de Progre
Page 229 and 230: 207 Vista, Standley 25357 (US); Nue
Page 231 and 232: 209 Ganoruwa Hill, Peradeniya, Kand
Page 233 and 234: 211 Lakela 31283 (MIN); Lagoon emba
Page 235 and 236: 213 Park, Gillis 11503 (A); Homeste
Page 237 and 238: 215 Mosier 5511 (NY); Adams Key, Sm
Page 239 and 240: 217 Road"), 4 mi. W of Miami-Dade-M
Page 241 and 242: 219 Wildlife Refuge S of Alamo, Fle
Page 243 and 244: 221 Figure 8.3. Distribution of Pas
Page 245 and 246: 223 labeled P. pallida, but it is a
Page 247 and 248: 225 the entities in the P. suberosa
Page 249 and 250: 227 Quintana Roo, México; and J. T
Page 251 and 252: Description of Passiflora suberosa
Page 253 and 254: 231 3.1 mm in diameter, greenish ye
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233 operculum, 0.1-0.7 mm high, 0.1
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235 0.06-0.10 mm long, 0.02-0.03 mm
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237 near Museum, Sarant, Saums & Wa
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239 (about 1.5 km up from mouth of
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241 Vieux-Fort, Mts. Caraibes, en b
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243 BAYAMÓN: Cabra Island, San Jua
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245 15 February 1906 (C). -SAINT TH
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247 Figure 8.5. Flower of P. subero
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249 possesses trilobed leaves at re
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251 Passiflora suberosa ssp. subero
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253 and ovoid, whereas P. suberosa
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255 Passiflora suberosa L. var. hir
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Distribution and ecology 257 In the
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259 Morrone & Pensiero 6320 (MO). -
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261 Hatschbach 52826 (C); Agua Bran
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263 & Brand 2059b (MA); Entre Filad
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265 Restrepo, Vereda del Río Grand
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267 UC, US). French Overseas Territ
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269 River near Sahal K'esh, paraje
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271 Matuda & sus colaboradores 3160
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273 800 m, Arguelles 909 (CAS); 4-5
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275 antes de Aculizingo, rumbo a Or
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277 Sagastegui, Alvitaz, Carnia, Lo
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279 Osores, Figari, Díaz, Castaned
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281 between Sabana Grande and Barut
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283 shallowly trilobed leaves (comm
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285 a b c Figure 8.8. Flowers of Pa
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Description of Passiflora tridactyl
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289 yellow, ratio of inner coronal
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Notes 291 Passiflora tridactylites
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293 suberosa ssp. litoralis do not
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Description of Passiflora lancifoli
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297 light reddish purple dried; and
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299 which he called P. regalis, now
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301 Additionally, the habitats of b
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303 Figure 8.13. Distribution of P.
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305 of sepals reflexed at anthesis;
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307 regalis in his unpublished Flor
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309 Figure 8.14. Leaves and flowers
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311 abaxial surface, 0.6-0.9 mm in
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313 S of Monclova, Dorr & Atkins 22
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315 E side of Sullivan City, Correl
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317 Noyes 5670 (DUKE, TEX); Rocky c
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319 longer filaments in their coron
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Description of Passiflora eglandulo
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323 filaments at anthesis; styles 3
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325 road between San Marcos and San
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327 Passiflora eglandulosa is also
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331 mm long, 0.4-0.5 mm wide, linea
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333 Figure 8.19. Flower of P. trini
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335 dried; androgynophore 3.8 mm lo
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Notes 337 Passiflora clypeophylla i
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339 wide; petioles 0.5-2.8 cm long,
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341 Oaxaca. Tropical deciduous and
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343 vegetatively with their distinc
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345 with rounded edges, greenish ye
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347 marked with ca. 11-18 foveae. G
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349 flowers of this plant. In an un
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353 often red (4/12) at flowering n
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355 shrubs, small trees, boulders a
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357 carretera a Acapulco, 240 m, He
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359 McCormick (1982) chromatographi
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361 Passiflora mcvaughiana Descript
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363 diameter, whitish green, speckl
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365 mcvaughiana possesses the wides
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367 Figure 8.28. Fruit and seeds of
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369 2.1 mm thick, acute at both end
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371 Figure 8.30. Habit of P. tacana
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373 Passiflora cheiroptera Cortés,
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375 4/6) spots and streaks; androgy
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377 Manizales, 1500 m, Escobar & Ur
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379 Yotoco, hacienda San Martín po
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381 5491 (MO); Juanjuí, 400 m, Woy
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383 differences in the stipe and pe
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385 Passiflora megacoriacea Descrip
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387 with stipe 2.6-6.1 mm long, 0.9
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389 59c (MO); Rincón de la Vieja,
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391 vicinity of Panamá Railroad cr
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393 Passiflora megacoriacea, as not
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395 weight to be 29-44% in P. megac
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397 veins, 0.5-1.4 mm in diameter,
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Vernacular Names 399 Ala de murcié
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401 Blake 7595 (US); Cadenas, borde
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403 Carrizal, 550 m, Williams & Mol
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405 Coatzacoalcos, Coatzacoalcos, e
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407 published. It is interesting th
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409 petiolar nectaries at or near t
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Description of Passiflora itzensis
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413 very dark reddish purple, ratio
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415 species from other members of s
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419 leaf axils or inflorescences; i
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421 ruins), 600-700 ft., Proctor 29
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423 vegetatively identical to P. it
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425 DNA polymerase (Sigma-Aldrich;
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427 Figure A.1. Structure of portio
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429 agree in several ways: 1) there
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431 Figure A.1. The first of 124 mo
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LIST OF REFERENCES Bat Conservation
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435 Falling Rain Genomics, Inc. Glo
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437 Jussieu, A.L. de. 1805b. Second
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439 Masters, M.T. 1871. Contributio
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441 National Imagery and Mapping Ag
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443 Stevens, P.F. 1991. Character s
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