Revision of Passiflora Subgenus Decaloba ... - Passion Flowers

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LIST OF TABLES Table page 5.1. Characters used in the morphology-based principal components analysis of the Passiflora suberosa complex. ............................................................ 86 5.2. Component loadings for axes I, II, and III from a principal components analysis of the P. suberosa complex. ...................................................... 88 5.3. Component loadings for axes I, II, and III from a principal components analysis of the P. suberosa complex. ...................................................... 91 5.4. Characters used in the morphology-based neighbor joining analysis of the Passiflora suberosa complex. .................................................................. 92 5.5. Character values used in the construction of the neighbor joining tree for taxa in the P. suberosa complex.............................................................. 95 5.6. Characters used in the morphology-based principal components analysis of the Passiflora coriacea complex. ........................................................... 100 5.7. Component loadings for axes I, II, and III from a principal components analysis of the P. coriacea complex....................................................... 102 5.8. Component loadings for axes I, II, and III from a principal components analysis of the P. coriacea complex....................................................... 105 5.9. Characters used in the morphology-based neighbor joining analysis of the Passiflora coriacea complex. ................................................................. 106 5.10. Character values for taxa used in the phenetic analysis of the Passiflora coriacea complex .................................................................................. 108 6.1. Characters used in the morphology-based cladistic analysis of Passiflora supersection Cieca. ............................................................................... 122 6.2. Character values for taxa used in the morphological cladistic analysis of Passiflora supersection Cieca................................................................ 127 7.1. Reports of herbivory on species of Passiflora supersection Cieca by the Heliconiinae butterflies (Nymphalidae)................................................... 152 xii
7.2. Table indicating the type and amount of evidence for monophyly for the species of Passiflora supersection Cieca............................................... 163 xiii
Page 1 and 2: REVISION OF PASSIFLORA SUBGENUS DEC
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study was supp
Page 5 and 6: of Florida Herbarium, Florida Museu
Page 7 and 8: esources to this project. Walter Ju
Page 9 and 10: Distribution and Ecology ..........
Page 11: Description of Passiflora tacana...
Page 15 and 16: 3.15. Box plots of character 2 (sti
Page 17 and 18: 3.47. Box plots of character 34 (le
Page 19 and 20: 8.19. Flower of P. trinifolia (MacD
Page 21 and 22: Abstract of Dissertation Presented
Page 23 and 24: CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Passiflora L
Page 25 and 26: 3 Species Plantarum, taxonomists ha
Page 27 and 28: CHAPTER 2 TAXONOMIC HISTORY The gen
Page 29 and 30: the limen floor possessed five spot
Page 31 and 32: Cieca: Passiflora foliis indivisis
Page 33 and 34: 11 of the species with dish-shaped
Page 35 and 36: 13 species of supersection Cieca th
Page 37 and 38: 15 the International Botanical Cong
Page 39 and 40: 17 conventions in Fig. 3.1-3.3. The
Page 41 and 42: 19 Figure 3.4. View of flower of Pa
Page 43 and 44: 21 Figure 3.6. View of a longitudin
Page 45 and 46: 23 repository of foreign place-name
Page 47 and 48: 25 The ITS region for members of su
Page 49 and 50: (Donoghue, 1985; Mishler, 1985) spe
Page 51 and 52: Figure 3.8. Box plots of character
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Figure 3.20. Box plots of character
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obtusifolia (50% bootstrap), and P.
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77 Figure 4.1. The first of three m
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79 Figure 4.3. The third of three m
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81 Figure 4.5. A portion of the str
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83 is primarily an indicator of flo
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85 clusters of P. suberosa ssp. lit
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Figure 5.1. Principal components an
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Table 5.2. Cont. Variables PCI PCII
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91 Table 5.3. Component loadings fo
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Table 5.4. Cont. 93 29. Seed width
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Table 5.5. Character values used in
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97 Figure 5.3. Unrooted neighbor jo
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70.1%. Principal component axis I i
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101 Figure 5.4. Principal component
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Table 5.7. Cont. 103 Variables PCI
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105 Table 5.8. Component loadings f
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Table 5.9. Cont. 107 30. Distance f
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109 Figure 5.6. Unrooted neighbor j
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111 mm long (#13, 1), and 0-2 flora
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113 the nodes as well as in inflore
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115 (0.13-0.14 mm in height)(#22, 3
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117 mm in length (#26, 1), and the
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119 longer than the central veins (
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121 that are between 0.25 and 0.72
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Table 6.1. Cont. 123 27. Seed width
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Table 6.1. Cont. 125 74. Limen whit
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Table 6.2. Character values for tax
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129 Figure 6.2. The single most par
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131 the molecular study was not fea
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133 are considered sibling species,
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135 The Passiflora coriacea Complex
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137 The Passiflora suberosa Complex
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139 morphological analysis. Passifl
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141 supported P. pallida clade and
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143 clear that these processes have
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145 semierect to erect flowers with
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147 protect nectar from rain, desic
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149 Passiflora is not necessarily d
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151 and P. sexocellata in the molec
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Table 7.1. Cont. Species Heliconiin
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155 result of introduction by human
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157 the dry tropical forests typica
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159 There are two primary types of
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161 ocean. However, I do know of on
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163 all of the species in supersect
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165 plants, suggesting that a crite
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167 Lastly, the utilization of only
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169 central part of the inflorescen
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171 25): Cieca viridis Medik. [nom.
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173 trichomes; styles slender, less
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175 7. Laminar nectaries absent; le
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177 11. Androgynophore less than 11
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179 15. Outer coronal filaments gre
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181 22. Central vein length more th
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183 Slender, climbing, perennial vi
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185 greenish yellow with a flush of
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187 Antigua, Wullschlager 240 (M).
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189 Waterloo, Degener 18853 (GH, NY
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191 29 (NY); San Andrés Island, al
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193 ISLA DE JUVENTUD: Nueva Gerona,
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195 (B). Dominican Republic. -BAORU
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197 Exploration Company a las Merce
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199 120-140 m, Wallnöfer & Tut-Tes
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201 Howard & Proctor 13477 (A); Mid
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203 sobre el camino a San Gervacio,
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205 Chelem, unos 3-5 km W de Progre
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207 Vista, Standley 25357 (US); Nue
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209 Ganoruwa Hill, Peradeniya, Kand
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211 Lakela 31283 (MIN); Lagoon emba
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213 Park, Gillis 11503 (A); Homeste
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215 Mosier 5511 (NY); Adams Key, Sm
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217 Road"), 4 mi. W of Miami-Dade-M
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219 Wildlife Refuge S of Alamo, Fle
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221 Figure 8.3. Distribution of Pas
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223 labeled P. pallida, but it is a
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225 the entities in the P. suberosa
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227 Quintana Roo, México; and J. T
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Description of Passiflora suberosa
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231 3.1 mm in diameter, greenish ye
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233 operculum, 0.1-0.7 mm high, 0.1
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235 0.06-0.10 mm long, 0.02-0.03 mm
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237 near Museum, Sarant, Saums & Wa
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239 (about 1.5 km up from mouth of
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241 Vieux-Fort, Mts. Caraibes, en b
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243 BAYAMÓN: Cabra Island, San Jua
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245 15 February 1906 (C). -SAINT TH
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247 Figure 8.5. Flower of P. subero
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249 possesses trilobed leaves at re
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251 Passiflora suberosa ssp. subero
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253 and ovoid, whereas P. suberosa
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255 Passiflora suberosa L. var. hir
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Distribution and ecology 257 In the
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259 Morrone & Pensiero 6320 (MO). -
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261 Hatschbach 52826 (C); Agua Bran
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263 & Brand 2059b (MA); Entre Filad
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265 Restrepo, Vereda del Río Grand
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267 UC, US). French Overseas Territ
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269 River near Sahal K'esh, paraje
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271 Matuda & sus colaboradores 3160
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273 800 m, Arguelles 909 (CAS); 4-5
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275 antes de Aculizingo, rumbo a Or
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277 Sagastegui, Alvitaz, Carnia, Lo
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279 Osores, Figari, Díaz, Castaned
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281 between Sabana Grande and Barut
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283 shallowly trilobed leaves (comm
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285 a b c Figure 8.8. Flowers of Pa
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Description of Passiflora tridactyl
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289 yellow, ratio of inner coronal
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Notes 291 Passiflora tridactylites
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293 suberosa ssp. litoralis do not
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Description of Passiflora lancifoli
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297 light reddish purple dried; and
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299 which he called P. regalis, now
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301 Additionally, the habitats of b
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303 Figure 8.13. Distribution of P.
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305 of sepals reflexed at anthesis;
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307 regalis in his unpublished Flor
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309 Figure 8.14. Leaves and flowers
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311 abaxial surface, 0.6-0.9 mm in
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313 S of Monclova, Dorr & Atkins 22
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315 E side of Sullivan City, Correl
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317 Noyes 5670 (DUKE, TEX); Rocky c
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319 longer filaments in their coron
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Description of Passiflora eglandulo
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323 filaments at anthesis; styles 3
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325 road between San Marcos and San
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327 Passiflora eglandulosa is also
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331 mm long, 0.4-0.5 mm wide, linea
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333 Figure 8.19. Flower of P. trini
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335 dried; androgynophore 3.8 mm lo
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Notes 337 Passiflora clypeophylla i
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339 wide; petioles 0.5-2.8 cm long,
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341 Oaxaca. Tropical deciduous and
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343 vegetatively with their distinc
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345 with rounded edges, greenish ye
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347 marked with ca. 11-18 foveae. G
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349 flowers of this plant. In an un
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353 often red (4/12) at flowering n
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355 shrubs, small trees, boulders a
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357 carretera a Acapulco, 240 m, He
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359 McCormick (1982) chromatographi
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361 Passiflora mcvaughiana Descript
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363 diameter, whitish green, speckl
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365 mcvaughiana possesses the wides
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367 Figure 8.28. Fruit and seeds of
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369 2.1 mm thick, acute at both end
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371 Figure 8.30. Habit of P. tacana
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373 Passiflora cheiroptera Cortés,
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375 4/6) spots and streaks; androgy
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377 Manizales, 1500 m, Escobar & Ur
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379 Yotoco, hacienda San Martín po
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381 5491 (MO); Juanjuí, 400 m, Woy
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383 differences in the stipe and pe
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385 Passiflora megacoriacea Descrip
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387 with stipe 2.6-6.1 mm long, 0.9
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389 59c (MO); Rincón de la Vieja,
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391 vicinity of Panamá Railroad cr
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393 Passiflora megacoriacea, as not
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395 weight to be 29-44% in P. megac
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397 veins, 0.5-1.4 mm in diameter,
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Vernacular Names 399 Ala de murcié
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401 Blake 7595 (US); Cadenas, borde
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403 Carrizal, 550 m, Williams & Mol
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405 Coatzacoalcos, Coatzacoalcos, e
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407 published. It is interesting th
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409 petiolar nectaries at or near t
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Description of Passiflora itzensis
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413 very dark reddish purple, ratio
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415 species from other members of s
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419 leaf axils or inflorescences; i
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421 ruins), 600-700 ft., Proctor 29
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423 vegetatively identical to P. it
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425 DNA polymerase (Sigma-Aldrich;
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427 Figure A.1. Structure of portio
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429 agree in several ways: 1) there
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431 Figure A.1. The first of 124 mo
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LIST OF REFERENCES Bat Conservation
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435 Falling Rain Genomics, Inc. Glo
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437 Jussieu, A.L. de. 1805b. Second
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439 Masters, M.T. 1871. Contributio
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441 National Imagery and Mapping Ag
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443 Stevens, P.F. 1991. Character s
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