Revision of Passiflora Subgenus Decaloba ... - Passion Flowers

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5.6. Unrooted neighbor joining tree resulting from the analysis of the morphological datafrom entities within the P. coriacea complex............ 109 6.1. The single most parsimonious tree from the morphological data set of Passiflora supersection Cieca................................................................ 128 6.2. The single most parsimonious tree from the morphological data set of Passiflora supersection Cieca................................................................ 129 8.1. Flowers of several species of Passiflora supersect. Cieca. ...................... 173 8.2. Passiflora pallida (Porter-Utley & Mondragón 412) from the Yucatán Peninsula, México.................................................................................. 220 8.3. Distribution of Passiflora pallida................................................................ 221 8.4. Passiflora pallida from Papua, Indonesia, illustrating the invasive potential of the species in that region. ...................................................................... 228 8.5. Flower of P. suberosa ssp. suberosa (MacDougal 421) from the Virgin Islands. .................................................................................................. 247 8.6. Flower and leaf of P. suberosa ssp. suberosa from St. Croix (Porter-Utley 6). .......................................................................................................... 247 8.7. Distribution of P. suberosa ssp. suberosa and P. suberosa ssp. litoralis.. 248 8.8. Flowers of Passiflora suberosa ssp. litoralis. ............................................ 285 8.9. Flower and leaf of Passiflora tridactylites (van der Werff 1950)................ 293 8.10. Dried flower and fruit of P. tridactylites (van der Werff 1951).................. 294 8.11. Distribution of Passiflora tridactylites. ..................................................... 294 8.12. Herbarium specimen of P. lancifolia (Proctor 23725). ............................ 302 8.13. Distribution of P. lancifolia and P. macfadyenii. ...................................... 303 8.14. Leaves and flowers of P. macfadyenii (MacDougal 452)........................ 309 8.15. Flower and leaf of P. tenuiloba (MacDougal 227)................................... 320 8.16. Distribution of P. tenuiloba...................................................................... 320 8.17. Flower of P. eglandulosa (MacDougal 316)............................................ 328 8.18. Distribution of P. clypeophylla, P. trinifolia, P. obtusifolia, and P. eglandulosa. .......................................................................................... 329 xviii
8.19. Flower of P. trinifolia (MacDougal 637)................................................... 333 8.20. Habit of Passiflora clypeophylla (based upon Smith 1625)..................... 336 8.21. Flower of P. obtusifolia (MacDougal 495)............................................... 344 8.22. Leaves and flowers of P. juliana (MacDougal 492)................................. 350 8.23. Flower of P. juliana (Porter-Utley & Mondragón 358). ............................ 350 8.24. Distribution of P. mcvaughiana, P. juliana, and P. viridiflora................... 351 8.25. Flowers of P. viridiflora (MacDougal 351)............................................... 359 8.26. Leaves and bright red stem of P. viridiflora (Porter-Utley & Mondragón 362)........................................................................................................ 360 8.27. Leaves, flower, and fruit of P. mcvaughiana (Porter-Utley & Mondragón 345)........................................................................................................ 366 8.28. Fruit and seeds of P. mcvaughiana (Porter-Utley & Mondragón 345). ... 367 8.29. Distribution of P. tacana, P. sexocellata, P. megacoriacea, and P. coriacea............................................................................................. 370 8.30. Habit of P. tacana (Martínez 20782)....................................................... 371 8.31. Flower of P. coriacea from Colombia...................................................... 384 8.32. Flower of P. coriacea from Colombia...................................................... 384 8.33. Passiflora megacoriacea from Costa Rica.............................................. 395 8.34. Leaf and flower of P. megacoriacea from Costa Rica............................. 395 8.35. Passiflora sexocellata from Veracruz, México (Porter-Utley & Mondragón 326)........................................................................................................ 410 8.36. Flower of P. itzensis (MacDougal 4633). ................................................ 416 8.37. Distribution of P. itzensis and P. xiikzodz. .............................................. 417 8.38. Flower of P. xiikzodz (MacDougal 4677). ................................................423 A.1. Structure of portion of GBSSI gene in Passiflora coriacea....................... 427 A.1. The first of 124 most parsimonious trees from the GBSSI data set of Passiflora supersection Cieca and outgroups........................................ 431 xix
Page 1 and 2: REVISION OF PASSIFLORA SUBGENUS DEC
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study was supp
Page 5 and 6: of Florida Herbarium, Florida Museu
Page 7 and 8: esources to this project. Walter Ju
Page 9 and 10: Distribution and Ecology ..........
Page 11 and 12: Description of Passiflora tacana...
Page 13 and 14: 7.2. Table indicating the type and
Page 15 and 16: 3.15. Box plots of character 2 (sti
Page 17: 3.47. Box plots of character 34 (le
Page 21 and 22: Abstract of Dissertation Presented
Page 23 and 24: CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Passiflora L
Page 25 and 26: 3 Species Plantarum, taxonomists ha
Page 27 and 28: CHAPTER 2 TAXONOMIC HISTORY The gen
Page 29 and 30: the limen floor possessed five spot
Page 31 and 32: Cieca: Passiflora foliis indivisis
Page 33 and 34: 11 of the species with dish-shaped
Page 35 and 36: 13 species of supersection Cieca th
Page 37 and 38: 15 the International Botanical Cong
Page 39 and 40: 17 conventions in Fig. 3.1-3.3. The
Page 41 and 42: 19 Figure 3.4. View of flower of Pa
Page 43 and 44: 21 Figure 3.6. View of a longitudin
Page 45 and 46: 23 repository of foreign place-name
Page 47 and 48: 25 The ITS region for members of su
Page 49 and 50: (Donoghue, 1985; Mishler, 1985) spe
Page 51 and 52: Figure 3.8. Box plots of character
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Figure 3.26. Box plots of character
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obtusifolia (50% bootstrap), and P.
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77 Figure 4.1. The first of three m
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79 Figure 4.3. The third of three m
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81 Figure 4.5. A portion of the str
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83 is primarily an indicator of flo
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85 clusters of P. suberosa ssp. lit
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Figure 5.1. Principal components an
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Table 5.2. Cont. Variables PCI PCII
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91 Table 5.3. Component loadings fo
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Table 5.4. Cont. 93 29. Seed width
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Table 5.5. Character values used in
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97 Figure 5.3. Unrooted neighbor jo
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70.1%. Principal component axis I i
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101 Figure 5.4. Principal component
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Table 5.7. Cont. 103 Variables PCI
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105 Table 5.8. Component loadings f
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Table 5.9. Cont. 107 30. Distance f
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109 Figure 5.6. Unrooted neighbor j
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111 mm long (#13, 1), and 0-2 flora
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113 the nodes as well as in inflore
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115 (0.13-0.14 mm in height)(#22, 3
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117 mm in length (#26, 1), and the
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119 longer than the central veins (
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121 that are between 0.25 and 0.72
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Table 6.1. Cont. 123 27. Seed width
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Table 6.1. Cont. 125 74. Limen whit
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Table 6.2. Character values for tax
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129 Figure 6.2. The single most par
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131 the molecular study was not fea
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133 are considered sibling species,
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135 The Passiflora coriacea Complex
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137 The Passiflora suberosa Complex
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139 morphological analysis. Passifl
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141 supported P. pallida clade and
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143 clear that these processes have
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145 semierect to erect flowers with
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147 protect nectar from rain, desic
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149 Passiflora is not necessarily d
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151 and P. sexocellata in the molec
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Table 7.1. Cont. Species Heliconiin
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155 result of introduction by human
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157 the dry tropical forests typica
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159 There are two primary types of
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161 ocean. However, I do know of on
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163 all of the species in supersect
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165 plants, suggesting that a crite
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167 Lastly, the utilization of only
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169 central part of the inflorescen
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171 25): Cieca viridis Medik. [nom.
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173 trichomes; styles slender, less
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175 7. Laminar nectaries absent; le
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177 11. Androgynophore less than 11
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179 15. Outer coronal filaments gre
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181 22. Central vein length more th
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183 Slender, climbing, perennial vi
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185 greenish yellow with a flush of
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187 Antigua, Wullschlager 240 (M).
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189 Waterloo, Degener 18853 (GH, NY
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191 29 (NY); San Andrés Island, al
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193 ISLA DE JUVENTUD: Nueva Gerona,
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195 (B). Dominican Republic. -BAORU
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197 Exploration Company a las Merce
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199 120-140 m, Wallnöfer & Tut-Tes
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201 Howard & Proctor 13477 (A); Mid
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203 sobre el camino a San Gervacio,
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205 Chelem, unos 3-5 km W de Progre
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207 Vista, Standley 25357 (US); Nue
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209 Ganoruwa Hill, Peradeniya, Kand
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211 Lakela 31283 (MIN); Lagoon emba
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213 Park, Gillis 11503 (A); Homeste
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215 Mosier 5511 (NY); Adams Key, Sm
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217 Road"), 4 mi. W of Miami-Dade-M
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219 Wildlife Refuge S of Alamo, Fle
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221 Figure 8.3. Distribution of Pas
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223 labeled P. pallida, but it is a
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225 the entities in the P. suberosa
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227 Quintana Roo, México; and J. T
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Description of Passiflora suberosa
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231 3.1 mm in diameter, greenish ye
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233 operculum, 0.1-0.7 mm high, 0.1
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235 0.06-0.10 mm long, 0.02-0.03 mm
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237 near Museum, Sarant, Saums & Wa
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239 (about 1.5 km up from mouth of
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241 Vieux-Fort, Mts. Caraibes, en b
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243 BAYAMÓN: Cabra Island, San Jua
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245 15 February 1906 (C). -SAINT TH
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247 Figure 8.5. Flower of P. subero
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249 possesses trilobed leaves at re
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251 Passiflora suberosa ssp. subero
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253 and ovoid, whereas P. suberosa
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255 Passiflora suberosa L. var. hir
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Distribution and ecology 257 In the
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259 Morrone & Pensiero 6320 (MO). -
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261 Hatschbach 52826 (C); Agua Bran
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263 & Brand 2059b (MA); Entre Filad
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265 Restrepo, Vereda del Río Grand
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267 UC, US). French Overseas Territ
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269 River near Sahal K'esh, paraje
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271 Matuda & sus colaboradores 3160
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273 800 m, Arguelles 909 (CAS); 4-5
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275 antes de Aculizingo, rumbo a Or
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277 Sagastegui, Alvitaz, Carnia, Lo
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279 Osores, Figari, Díaz, Castaned
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281 between Sabana Grande and Barut
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283 shallowly trilobed leaves (comm
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285 a b c Figure 8.8. Flowers of Pa
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Description of Passiflora tridactyl
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289 yellow, ratio of inner coronal
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Notes 291 Passiflora tridactylites
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293 suberosa ssp. litoralis do not
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Description of Passiflora lancifoli
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297 light reddish purple dried; and
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299 which he called P. regalis, now
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301 Additionally, the habitats of b
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303 Figure 8.13. Distribution of P.
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305 of sepals reflexed at anthesis;
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307 regalis in his unpublished Flor
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309 Figure 8.14. Leaves and flowers
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311 abaxial surface, 0.6-0.9 mm in
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313 S of Monclova, Dorr & Atkins 22
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315 E side of Sullivan City, Correl
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317 Noyes 5670 (DUKE, TEX); Rocky c
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319 longer filaments in their coron
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Description of Passiflora eglandulo
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323 filaments at anthesis; styles 3
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325 road between San Marcos and San
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327 Passiflora eglandulosa is also
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331 mm long, 0.4-0.5 mm wide, linea
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333 Figure 8.19. Flower of P. trini
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335 dried; androgynophore 3.8 mm lo
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Notes 337 Passiflora clypeophylla i
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339 wide; petioles 0.5-2.8 cm long,
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341 Oaxaca. Tropical deciduous and
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343 vegetatively with their distinc
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345 with rounded edges, greenish ye
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347 marked with ca. 11-18 foveae. G
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349 flowers of this plant. In an un
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353 often red (4/12) at flowering n
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355 shrubs, small trees, boulders a
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357 carretera a Acapulco, 240 m, He
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359 McCormick (1982) chromatographi
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361 Passiflora mcvaughiana Descript
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363 diameter, whitish green, speckl
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365 mcvaughiana possesses the wides
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367 Figure 8.28. Fruit and seeds of
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369 2.1 mm thick, acute at both end
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371 Figure 8.30. Habit of P. tacana
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373 Passiflora cheiroptera Cortés,
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375 4/6) spots and streaks; androgy
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377 Manizales, 1500 m, Escobar & Ur
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379 Yotoco, hacienda San Martín po
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381 5491 (MO); Juanjuí, 400 m, Woy
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383 differences in the stipe and pe
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385 Passiflora megacoriacea Descrip
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387 with stipe 2.6-6.1 mm long, 0.9
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389 59c (MO); Rincón de la Vieja,
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391 vicinity of Panamá Railroad cr
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393 Passiflora megacoriacea, as not
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395 weight to be 29-44% in P. megac
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397 veins, 0.5-1.4 mm in diameter,
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Vernacular Names 399 Ala de murcié
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401 Blake 7595 (US); Cadenas, borde
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403 Carrizal, 550 m, Williams & Mol
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405 Coatzacoalcos, Coatzacoalcos, e
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407 published. It is interesting th
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409 petiolar nectaries at or near t
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Description of Passiflora itzensis
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413 very dark reddish purple, ratio
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415 species from other members of s
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419 leaf axils or inflorescences; i
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421 ruins), 600-700 ft., Proctor 29
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423 vegetatively identical to P. it
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425 DNA polymerase (Sigma-Aldrich;
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427 Figure A.1. Structure of portio
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429 agree in several ways: 1) there
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431 Figure A.1. The first of 124 mo
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LIST OF REFERENCES Bat Conservation
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435 Falling Rain Genomics, Inc. Glo
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437 Jussieu, A.L. de. 1805b. Second
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439 Masters, M.T. 1871. Contributio
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441 National Imagery and Mapping Ag
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443 Stevens, P.F. 1991. Character s
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