Revision of Passiflora Subgenus Decaloba ... - Passion Flowers

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116 clypeophylla has some of the shallowest leaf lobes in the supersection (quotient, i.e., distance from the leaf outline to the sinus margin/distance from the leaf outline to the leaf base, commonly 0.03-0.07)(#34, 1). Passiflora obtusifolia is positioned as the sister of the remaining species in the supersection (P. juliana, P. viridiflora, P. megacoriacea, P. mcvaughiana, P. xiikzodz, P. itzensis, P. sexocellata, P. coriacea, and P. tacana). All of the species in this group possess conspicuous inflorescences present as condensed terminal shoots with aborted laminas (#40, 1) and an average of over 40 filaments in their inner coronal rows (#10, 1). Passiflora obtusifolia possesses short sepals (
117 mm in length (#26, 1), and the presence of more than four laminar nectaries (#37, 0). Positioned basally to P. viridiflora and P. juliana is P. megacoriacea. All three species possess tall limens (commonly 0.75-1.14)(#22, 1), long opercula (commonly 2.0-4.0 mm)(#20, 2), and long ovaries (> 2.5 mm)(#16, 0). Passiflora juliana and P. viridiflora are sister species in this analysis, and aside from adaptations in P. viridiflora resulting from a shift in pollinators, these two species with greenish yellow flowers from the Pacific coast and coastal plain of southwestern México are very similar vegetatively with leaves that have a central lobe which is distinctly narrowed at the base (#86, 2). Passiflora juliana possesses a very short floral stipe (the shortest in the supersection)(#2, 0), a limen floor that is distinctly purple (#75, 2) and an androgynophore flushed with purple at the base to just above the middle (#59, 2), moderately long outer coronal filaments (commonly 3.13-3.69 mm)(#8, 2/3), and large (9.44-14.81 mm long and 3.81-9.31 mm wide)(#38, 2; #39, 1) foliose stipules (#90, 2). Passiflora viridiflora differs from P. juliana in its adaptations for hummingbird pollination: a greatly elongated androgynophore (17.40-26.10 mm)(#18, 3) that far exceeds the length of the stamen filaments (quotient, i.e., stamen filament length/androgynophore length, commonly ranging from 0.16-0.20)(#19, 3), no inner coronal filaments (#10, 6; #11, 4; #12; 3; #50, 2), very narrow limen floor (commonly 0.63-2.07 mm)(#23, 1), wide floral nectary (commonly 1.30-1.82 mm)(#17, 2), long operculum (3.00-4.60 mm)(#20, 1) that is not incurved at the margin but erect and lies against the androgynophore, fused sepals (#48, 1) that
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REVISION OF PASSIFLORA SUBGENUS DEC
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study was supp
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of Florida Herbarium, Florida Museu
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esources to this project. Walter Ju
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Distribution and Ecology ..........
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Description of Passiflora tacana...
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7.2. Table indicating the type and
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3.15. Box plots of character 2 (sti
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3.47. Box plots of character 34 (le
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8.19. Flower of P. trinifolia (MacD
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Abstract of Dissertation Presented
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Passiflora L
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3 Species Plantarum, taxonomists ha
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CHAPTER 2 TAXONOMIC HISTORY The gen
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the limen floor possessed five spot
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Cieca: Passiflora foliis indivisis
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11 of the species with dish-shaped
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13 species of supersection Cieca th
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15 the International Botanical Cong
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17 conventions in Fig. 3.1-3.3. The
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19 Figure 3.4. View of flower of Pa
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21 Figure 3.6. View of a longitudin
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23 repository of foreign place-name
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25 The ITS region for members of su
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(Donoghue, 1985; Mishler, 1985) spe
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Figure 3.8. Box plots of character
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Page 87 and 88: Figure 3.44. Box plots of character
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Page 99 and 100: 77 Figure 4.1. The first of three m
Page 101 and 102: 79 Figure 4.3. The third of three m
Page 103 and 104: 81 Figure 4.5. A portion of the str
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Page 107 and 108: 85 clusters of P. suberosa ssp. lit
Page 109 and 110: Figure 5.1. Principal components an
Page 111 and 112: Table 5.2. Cont. Variables PCI PCII
Page 113 and 114: 91 Table 5.3. Component loadings fo
Page 115 and 116: Table 5.4. Cont. 93 29. Seed width
Page 117 and 118: Table 5.5. Character values used in
Page 119 and 120: 97 Figure 5.3. Unrooted neighbor jo
Page 121 and 122: 70.1%. Principal component axis I i
Page 123 and 124: 101 Figure 5.4. Principal component
Page 125 and 126: Table 5.7. Cont. 103 Variables PCI
Page 127 and 128: 105 Table 5.8. Component loadings f
Page 129 and 130: Table 5.9. Cont. 107 30. Distance f
Page 131 and 132: 109 Figure 5.6. Unrooted neighbor j
Page 133 and 134: 111 mm long (#13, 1), and 0-2 flora
Page 135 and 136: 113 the nodes as well as in inflore
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Page 141 and 142: 119 longer than the central veins (
Page 143 and 144: 121 that are between 0.25 and 0.72
Page 145 and 146: Table 6.1. Cont. 123 27. Seed width
Page 147 and 148: Table 6.1. Cont. 125 74. Limen whit
Page 149 and 150: Table 6.2. Character values for tax
Page 151 and 152: 129 Figure 6.2. The single most par
Page 153 and 154: 131 the molecular study was not fea
Page 155 and 156: 133 are considered sibling species,
Page 157 and 158: 135 The Passiflora coriacea Complex
Page 159 and 160: 137 The Passiflora suberosa Complex
Page 161 and 162: 139 morphological analysis. Passifl
Page 163 and 164: 141 supported P. pallida clade and
Page 165 and 166: 143 clear that these processes have
Page 167 and 168: 145 semierect to erect flowers with
Page 169 and 170: 147 protect nectar from rain, desic
Page 171 and 172: 149 Passiflora is not necessarily d
Page 173 and 174: 151 and P. sexocellata in the molec
Page 175 and 176: Table 7.1. Cont. Species Heliconiin
Page 177 and 178: 155 result of introduction by human
Page 179 and 180: 157 the dry tropical forests typica
Page 181 and 182: 159 There are two primary types of
Page 183 and 184: 161 ocean. However, I do know of on
Page 185 and 186: 163 all of the species in supersect
Page 187 and 188: 165 plants, suggesting that a crite
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167 Lastly, the utilization of only
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169 central part of the inflorescen
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171 25): Cieca viridis Medik. [nom.
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173 trichomes; styles slender, less
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175 7. Laminar nectaries absent; le
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177 11. Androgynophore less than 11
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179 15. Outer coronal filaments gre
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181 22. Central vein length more th
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183 Slender, climbing, perennial vi
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185 greenish yellow with a flush of
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187 Antigua, Wullschlager 240 (M).
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189 Waterloo, Degener 18853 (GH, NY
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191 29 (NY); San Andrés Island, al
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193 ISLA DE JUVENTUD: Nueva Gerona,
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195 (B). Dominican Republic. -BAORU
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197 Exploration Company a las Merce
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199 120-140 m, Wallnöfer & Tut-Tes
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201 Howard & Proctor 13477 (A); Mid
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203 sobre el camino a San Gervacio,
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205 Chelem, unos 3-5 km W de Progre
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207 Vista, Standley 25357 (US); Nue
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209 Ganoruwa Hill, Peradeniya, Kand
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211 Lakela 31283 (MIN); Lagoon emba
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213 Park, Gillis 11503 (A); Homeste
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215 Mosier 5511 (NY); Adams Key, Sm
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217 Road"), 4 mi. W of Miami-Dade-M
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219 Wildlife Refuge S of Alamo, Fle
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221 Figure 8.3. Distribution of Pas
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223 labeled P. pallida, but it is a
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225 the entities in the P. suberosa
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227 Quintana Roo, México; and J. T
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Description of Passiflora suberosa
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231 3.1 mm in diameter, greenish ye
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233 operculum, 0.1-0.7 mm high, 0.1
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235 0.06-0.10 mm long, 0.02-0.03 mm
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237 near Museum, Sarant, Saums & Wa
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239 (about 1.5 km up from mouth of
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241 Vieux-Fort, Mts. Caraibes, en b
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243 BAYAMÓN: Cabra Island, San Jua
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245 15 February 1906 (C). -SAINT TH
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247 Figure 8.5. Flower of P. subero
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249 possesses trilobed leaves at re
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251 Passiflora suberosa ssp. subero
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253 and ovoid, whereas P. suberosa
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255 Passiflora suberosa L. var. hir
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Distribution and ecology 257 In the
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259 Morrone & Pensiero 6320 (MO). -
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261 Hatschbach 52826 (C); Agua Bran
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263 & Brand 2059b (MA); Entre Filad
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265 Restrepo, Vereda del Río Grand
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267 UC, US). French Overseas Territ
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269 River near Sahal K'esh, paraje
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271 Matuda & sus colaboradores 3160
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273 800 m, Arguelles 909 (CAS); 4-5
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275 antes de Aculizingo, rumbo a Or
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277 Sagastegui, Alvitaz, Carnia, Lo
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279 Osores, Figari, Díaz, Castaned
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281 between Sabana Grande and Barut
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283 shallowly trilobed leaves (comm
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285 a b c Figure 8.8. Flowers of Pa
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Description of Passiflora tridactyl
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289 yellow, ratio of inner coronal
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Notes 291 Passiflora tridactylites
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293 suberosa ssp. litoralis do not
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Description of Passiflora lancifoli
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297 light reddish purple dried; and
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299 which he called P. regalis, now
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301 Additionally, the habitats of b
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303 Figure 8.13. Distribution of P.
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305 of sepals reflexed at anthesis;
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307 regalis in his unpublished Flor
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309 Figure 8.14. Leaves and flowers
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311 abaxial surface, 0.6-0.9 mm in
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313 S of Monclova, Dorr & Atkins 22
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315 E side of Sullivan City, Correl
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317 Noyes 5670 (DUKE, TEX); Rocky c
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319 longer filaments in their coron
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Description of Passiflora eglandulo
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323 filaments at anthesis; styles 3
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325 road between San Marcos and San
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327 Passiflora eglandulosa is also
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331 mm long, 0.4-0.5 mm wide, linea
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333 Figure 8.19. Flower of P. trini
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335 dried; androgynophore 3.8 mm lo
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Notes 337 Passiflora clypeophylla i
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339 wide; petioles 0.5-2.8 cm long,
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341 Oaxaca. Tropical deciduous and
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343 vegetatively with their distinc
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345 with rounded edges, greenish ye
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347 marked with ca. 11-18 foveae. G
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349 flowers of this plant. In an un
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353 often red (4/12) at flowering n
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355 shrubs, small trees, boulders a
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357 carretera a Acapulco, 240 m, He
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359 McCormick (1982) chromatographi
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361 Passiflora mcvaughiana Descript
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363 diameter, whitish green, speckl
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365 mcvaughiana possesses the wides
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367 Figure 8.28. Fruit and seeds of
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369 2.1 mm thick, acute at both end
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371 Figure 8.30. Habit of P. tacana
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373 Passiflora cheiroptera Cortés,
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375 4/6) spots and streaks; androgy
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377 Manizales, 1500 m, Escobar & Ur
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379 Yotoco, hacienda San Martín po
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381 5491 (MO); Juanjuí, 400 m, Woy
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383 differences in the stipe and pe
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385 Passiflora megacoriacea Descrip
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387 with stipe 2.6-6.1 mm long, 0.9
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389 59c (MO); Rincón de la Vieja,
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391 vicinity of Panamá Railroad cr
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393 Passiflora megacoriacea, as not
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395 weight to be 29-44% in P. megac
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397 veins, 0.5-1.4 mm in diameter,
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Vernacular Names 399 Ala de murcié
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401 Blake 7595 (US); Cadenas, borde
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403 Carrizal, 550 m, Williams & Mol
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405 Coatzacoalcos, Coatzacoalcos, e
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407 published. It is interesting th
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409 petiolar nectaries at or near t
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Description of Passiflora itzensis
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413 very dark reddish purple, ratio
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415 species from other members of s
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419 leaf axils or inflorescences; i
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421 ruins), 600-700 ft., Proctor 29
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423 vegetatively identical to P. it
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425 DNA polymerase (Sigma-Aldrich;
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427 Figure A.1. Structure of portio
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429 agree in several ways: 1) there
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431 Figure A.1. The first of 124 mo
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LIST OF REFERENCES Bat Conservation
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435 Falling Rain Genomics, Inc. Glo
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437 Jussieu, A.L. de. 1805b. Second
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439 Masters, M.T. 1871. Contributio
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441 National Imagery and Mapping Ag
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443 Stevens, P.F. 1991. Character s
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