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voved vo teorijata na mno@estvata i matemati^kata logika

voved vo teorijata na mno@estvata i matemati^kata logika

voved vo teorijata na mno@estvata i matemati^kata logika

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mno`est<strong>vo</strong>, <strong>na</strong> primer I={1,2,...,k}. Vo o<strong>vo</strong>j slu~aj familijata (A i |i∈I) se<br />

sostoi to~no od mno`estvata A 1 , A 2 ,...,A k .<br />

Sega sme podgotveni da definirame presek (unija) od proiz<strong>vo</strong>l<strong>na</strong><br />

familija mno`estva. Po a<strong>na</strong>logija <strong>na</strong> direkt<strong>na</strong>ta definicija za presek<br />

(unija) od kone~<strong>na</strong> familija mno`estva imame:<br />

x∈I Ai<br />

⇔ ( ∀i ∈ I) x ∈ Ai<br />

, (1.7.3)<br />

i∈I<br />

x∈U Ai<br />

⇔ ( ∃i ∈I) x ∈ Ai<br />

. (1.7.4)<br />

i∈I<br />

]e <strong>na</strong>vedeme nekoi obop{tuvawa <strong>na</strong> s<strong>vo</strong>jstvata dadeni <strong>vo</strong> pogorniot<br />

del za presek i unija.<br />

7.1 o (Obop{ten asocijativen zakon). Neka A e mno`est<strong>vo</strong>, I≠∅<br />

indeksno mno`est<strong>vo</strong>, a (B i |i∈I) familija mno`estva. Toga{:<br />

() i A∩ ( IBi<br />

) = I ( A∩<br />

Bi<br />

);<br />

i∈I<br />

i∈I<br />

( ii) A ∪ ( UBi<br />

) = U ( A ∪ Bi<br />

).■<br />

i∈I<br />

i∈I<br />

7.2 o (Obop{ten distributiven zakon). Neka A e mno`est<strong>vo</strong>, I≠∅<br />

indeksno mno`est<strong>vo</strong>, a (B i |i∈I) familija mno`estva. Toga{:<br />

() i A∩ ( UBi<br />

) = U ( A∩<br />

Bi<br />

);<br />

i∈I<br />

i∈I<br />

( ii) A ∪ ( IBi<br />

) = I ( A ∪ Bi<br />

).■<br />

i∈I<br />

i∈I<br />

1.7.1.Ve`bi:<br />

1. Neka (A i |i∈I), I≠∅, e proiz<strong>vo</strong>l<strong>na</strong> familija mno`estva. Ako<br />

P = I A i , a S = U A i , toga{ za sekoj k∈I, R⊆A k ⊆S. Doka`i!<br />

i∈I<br />

i∈I<br />

2. Da se <strong>na</strong>jde presekot B i unijata C <strong>na</strong> mno`estvata A 1 ,...,A k , ako<br />

(a) A k = {1,2,3,...,k};<br />

(b) A k ={x|x∈R, 0≤x

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