Cykling, motion, miljø og sundhed - Thomas Krag

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Anbefalinger På baggrund af rapportens analyser anbefales: • At cykling opprioriteres i kampagnerne for øget motion hos børn og voksne. • At Trafikministeriet inddrages sammen Sundhedsministeriet og Miljøministeriet i implementeringen af handlingsplanerne for øget motion. • At der laves en handlingsplan for, hvordan børns cykling kan øges, herunder indførelse af skærpede trafik- og hastighedsdæmpende foranstaltninger omkring alle skoler, idræts- og andre fritidsfaciliteter for børn. • At der laves en handlingsplan til bekæmpelse af luftforurening i byerne, herunder især de ultrafine partikler, bl.a. mhp. at sikre et sundere miljø for cyklister. • At der genindføres statslige puljer, hvorfra kommunerne kan søge tilskud til fremme af cykling, herunder kampagner, udbygning af cykel-infrastruktur og sikkerhedsmæssige forbedringer. • At der fra centralt hold sker en koordinering af cykelkampagner og formidling af viden om cykelfremme. • At der arbejdes videre med danske beregninger af de samfundsøkonomiske fordele, der kan opnås ved øget motion, herunder øget cykling. • At der gennemføres grundlæggende analyser af tidsværdier for gang- og cykeltrafik, og at samfundsøkonomiske analyser på trafikområdet fremover inddrager effekter på gang og cykling og de afledte virkninger på folkesundheden, også ved vurdering af, hvorvidt projekter på trafikområdet skal prioriteres i regeringens klimastrategi. - 10 -
Conclusions and Recommendations More cycling would enhance the health of the Danish population. Less people would suffer from cardio-vascular diseases, diabetes 2, osteoporosis, and certain forms of cancer. In addition, public investments in cycle-initiatives would have a high socio-economic yield. Such investments should therefore have high priority in the government’s efforts to stimulate physical exercise and public health. Funding should be earmarked, so that municipalities interested in promoting cycleinitiatives can apply for the financial means. Physical inactivity threatens public health Bicycling presents a solution to a number of problems. Transportation requirements, health as well as pollution problems can be tackled simultaneously. In wealthy parts of the world, there is much focus these days on physical inactivity and obesity; and the reason is obvious: these problems threaten common health. Comprehensive studies from several countries all speak the same language: physical inactivity is a problem that, in terms of surplus hospitalization expenditure, equals alcoholism, and is half as expensive as smoking. Judged by the mortality rate alone, inactivity is as dangerous as smoking. Health authorities have sounded the alarm and recommend half an hour of physical exercise each day for adults, and one hour for children. This exercise should at least be on the level of brisk walking. Cycling reduces a variety of diseases A large Danish study has shown that people who take their bicycle to work have a 28% lower mortality rate than the average population (after adjustment for, among other issues, differences in terms of job, smoking, leisure-time activities, and body mass index). There is solid Danish evidence that physical exercise reduces the risk of developing the following diseases: heart attacks, diabetes 2, osteoporosis, colorectal and breast cancer, as well as high blood pressure. International research also indicates that depressions, back-pains, and strokes can be reduced significantly. By following the exercise recommendations, one can diminish the risk of these diseases by 30 to 50 %. Thereby, one has not only a longer life in store, but can also look forward to more years in good health. If you ask road users themselves, those who cycle feel in better physical and mental shape than those who do not cycle. Physical inactivity is a big problem in Denmark, but in certain other countries, for example, Great Britain, it is even bigger. More and more people have sedentary life-styles, working with computers, driving cars, and spending their leisure-time in front of the TV. Cycling is no longer favored in many countries, including Denmark, although in some cities, such as Copenhagen and Odense, this trend has been reversed. Children are more and more often brought to school by car. Many children prefer to stay inside at breaks, and gym-class often has low priority amongst both school leaders and pupils. Although more children these days practice sport in their spare time than 20 years ago, it is still the case that, overall, more children are inactive nowadays. We have witnessed a polarization in terms of exercise level and physical fitness of the children. A Norwegian study has shown that children who are taken to school by car have significantly more backache problems and are less able to manage moderate physical challenges than children who cycle. - 11 -
Page 1 and 2: Cykling, motion, miljø og sundhed
Page 3 and 4: 6.5 Finland 65 6.6 USA, Australien
Page 5 and 6: Indledning Formålet med denne rapp
Page 7 and 8: Det kan være svært at indplacere
Page 9: Analyser af sundhedsmæssige effekt
Page 13 and 14: Research shows that the risk of acc
Page 15 and 16: The results are robust towards chan
Page 17 and 18: mere motion, før det hjælper, hvi
Page 19 and 20: Figur 1.2 - 19 - Figur 1.2. Forekom
Page 21 and 22: har vi valgt at regne med den brede
Page 23 and 24: anses for mest realistisk og er let
Page 25 and 26: selv mere for at nå op på det nø
Page 27 and 28: lidt fysisk aktive, at drenges fysi
Page 29 and 30: 2. Cykling og luftforurening 2.1 Lu
Page 31 and 32: Spørgsmålet er derfor ikke kun, o
Page 33 and 34: 3. Cykling og ulykker 3.1 Mange cyk
Page 35 and 36: - 35 - Figur 3.4. Cykeltrafik og cy
Page 37 and 38: - 37 - Figur 3.9. København 1990-2
Page 39 and 40: Spørgsmålet om den dalende cykelt
Page 41 and 42: Indretningen af trafiksystemet hand
Page 43 and 44: 4.3 Separate stisystemer kan ikke s
Page 45 and 46: 5. Brug af cykel - og årsager til
Page 47 and 48: Figur 5.4. Cykling som funktion af
Page 49 and 50: Figur 5.7. Årsager til valg af tra
Page 51 and 52: - 51 - Figur 5.11. Deltagere i proj
Page 53 and 54: givetvis også en negativ symbolvæ
Page 55 and 56: 5.6 Gode eksempler på indsatser re
Page 57 and 58: • kampagne- og informationsvirkso
Page 59 and 60: imod at udføre sammenligningerne p
Page 61 and 62:
andre studier, som har anvendt 5-6%
Page 63 and 64:
TØI anvendte i deres pointberegnin
Page 65 and 66:
En undersøgelse anslår, at hvis 1
Page 67 and 68:
Denne mangel på helhedssyn kan væ
Page 69 and 70:
Norge 1 Schweiz 2 , direkte omk. Sc
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Der bor godt 3,3 millioner i egentl
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Betragtet under ét står gang i ø
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esværligt og tager længere tid. S
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7.9 Projektets investering Til proj
Page 79 and 80:
Der er ikke i nøgletalskataloget a
Page 81 and 82:
og på den anden side at lægge de
Page 83 and 84:
norske myndigheder at have 80.000 p
Page 85 and 86:
Projektomkostninger og - gevinster
Page 87 and 88:
7.19 Følsomhedsanalyse Bilag 1, af
Page 89 and 90:
udpege nogle faktorer, der har gjor
Page 91 and 92:
9. Målsætninger for aktiv transpo
Page 93 and 94:
Rapporten peger bl.a. på følgende
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Regeringen har i 2004 igangsat kamp
Page 97 and 98:
instruktører i cykling. Der er så
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højere skattebetalingsevne i en l
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Noter: 1 Haapanen-Niemi et al: The
Page 103 and 104:
54 H. Wahrlich: Fahren Sie nicht me
Page 105 and 106:
social- og sundhedshjælpere, iflg.
Page 107:
166 Nøgletalskatalog - til brug fo
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Cykling, motion, miljø og sundhed - Thomas Krag

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