2 ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ И МЕТОДИКА РАБОТ - Courrier international

The preliminary technical and environmental assessment of proposed technologies has shown
that the implementation of PCB washing technology water detergent, a residual PCB content on
metal parts amounted to about 5000 ppm, which classifies them as hazardous waste according to
European standards, requiring additional measures for their elimination or disposal. So - this
technology has not been selected for further technical and economic assessment.
To justify the preliminary selection of technological scheme and basic equipment to wash
transformers and containers from PCB: the methods of the complete removal of PCB from
transformers; technical means used for this purpose, methods of solvent removal from flushed
system and its regeneration, the ability to re-use of transformers after cleaning, basic data of
design calculations and selection of basic equipment have been discussed.
Comparison of technical characteristics of two technological workflows of washing from PCB
showed [58, 59] that the technological workflows using toluene is more complicated in
comparison with the technology, using methylene chloride. This is due to the additional
application of steam to displace toluene vapor from the inside of transformer, causing a need for
an additional stages of condensation of toluene and water vapor, their separation and subsequent
treatment of PCB contaminated waste water.
Comparison of environmental characteristics of two technologies of washing transformers and
containers from PCB showed that both technologies achieve the full clean of metal parts (less
than 50 ppm). However, unlike the technology using methylene chloride, in which there is no
waste water and solid waste, the use of technology with toluene forms contaminated PCB waste
water and solid waste requiring further treatment.
Thus, for washing transformers and containers from PCB the most appropriate technology
is to use methylene chloride vapors as a solvent.
However, the installation for washing electrical equipment from PCB is to be designed and
operated in future in such a way that stringent standard requirements were met in terms of
protecting the personnel and the environment. appropriate precautions to prevent the effects of
PCB and methylene chloride on installation operators should be provided. It should be
remembered about the possible carcinogenic properties, not only of PCB but also of methylene
chloride. Therefore, it should be taken effective measures to prevent leaks and emissions of these
substances into the atmosphere and water. Hazardous waste from the installations should be
handled in an environmentally safe manner
8.1.2 Analysis of the methods of elimination of PCB-containing condensers
Condenser design features define the solutions of their deactivation. In the world industrial
practice, the process of deactivation of PCB-containing condensers is carried out in two
directions [52]:
elimination of condensers;
deactivation of condensers with further disposal of metal.
The elimination is sufficiently studied, and quite common for the disposal of PCB-containing
condensers. Some companies use high-temperature incineration of PCB-containing condensers,
which had previously been crushed. The cost of such processing is 1600 U.S. dollars per a ton of
condensers.
FINAL REPORT for Contract No. CS-NPA-Arctic-13/2009 of December 01, 2009 within the framework of pilot project Development
of Technology of clean up of the area of Decommissioned Sites of The Russian Federation Ministry of Defense in the Arctic by the
Example of Alexanra Island of Franz Josef Land Archipelago from Hazardous Waste
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