2 ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ И МЕТОДИКА РАБОТ - Courrier international

The decontamination of condensers with subsequent recycling of metals involves washing of
condensers, their dismantling, second wash of their cases and core. After this, the cases
containing less than 50 ppm, are sent for disposal, as the core is crushed and additionally washed
from PCB, usually with a hot solvent. Cleaned and crushed aluminum core contains less than 50
ppm of PCB, and is also sent for disposal. The cost of processing of one ton of condensers is
about $ 2200 U.S.
The technologies of condenser deactivation existing in Russia are also divided into two groups
by their implementation. The first one is combustion methods, which use [52]:
explosion of packaged explosive, containing chemically neutralized PCB in the particles of
crushed condensers;
fuel in the high-powdered mixture of filtration combustion (PSFG);
bubble furnace with afterburner systems and neutralization of waste gases.
The second one is condenser burning-in.
The examination of technical and environmental characteristics of Russian methods of disposal
of PCB-containing condensers showed that technology with using explosion, tested on an
industrial scale and technology using PSFG fuel tested on pilot scale for other waste are quite
simple. However, for environmental reasons, they can not be recommended for further
examination, since it does not allow us to guarantee the absence of emissions of both
undecomposed PCB and dioxins. The cost of creating a single unit with explosion of 500 tons of
condensers per year is 2 million dollars and the cost of the elimination of one ton of condensers
is 1350 U.S. dollars. The cost of creating a plant using PSFG fuel is 70000 U.S. dollars and the
cost of processing one ton of condensers is from 4000 to 6000 U.S. dollars.
Tested in industrial conditions on Metallurgical Complex the technology of decontamination of
condensers by their calcination and subsequent disposal of metal also cannot be recommended
for further replication in Russia, because the completeness of the transformation of PCB and
dioxins in waste gases is unknown.
Upon the review of these technologies from a technical, environmental and economic point
of view, the most appropriate technology is that using bubbling melting furnace with
afterburner systems and neutralization of waste gases.
Despite the absence of a full-scale testing, this technology should meet the European
requirements for the degree of PCB conversion - no less than 99.9999% and the content of
dioxins in flue gases - less than 0.1 ng / m 3 , which is provided by the technological conditions of
the process.
The cost of such an installation capacity of 4000 tons of condensers in the year amounted to
1,6 million U.S. and the cost of processing one ton of condensers to be about 1000 U.S.dollars.
8.1.3 Analysis of technologies of PCB and spent oil elimination
Existing in the Russian Federation, methods and technologies of neutralization of PCB and spent
oils, by analogy with the global practice can be divided into three options for their
implementation [52]:
burial of waste in accordance with applicable rules, regulations and security measures to protect
the environment;
FINAL REPORT for Contract No. CS-NPA-Arctic-13/2009 of December 01, 2009 within the framework of pilot project Development
of Technology of clean up of the area of Decommissioned Sites of The Russian Federation Ministry of Defense in the Arctic by the
Example of Alexanra Island of Franz Josef Land Archipelago from Hazardous Waste
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