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FINANCE-MINT AEMY AND NAVY.<br />

year 1878 there were altogether as many as 159, of which 35 had been entirely<br />

built by means of voluntary contributions. As in most European states, vaccination<br />

has become obligatory.<br />

FINANCE MINT ARMY AND NAVY.<br />

The finances of the Empire are not in a very flourishing state. Being anxious<br />

to stand on a footing of equality with the European nations, whose systems of credit<br />

it was studying, Japan has not been able to resist the temptation of creating a<br />

Fig. 217. ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS OF JAPAN.<br />

Scale 1 : 16,000,000.<br />

, SCO<br />

Miles.<br />

The numbers inscribed on this map correspond to those of the tables.<br />

Eof-G<br />

public debt. Including paper money,* its liabilities amount altogether to upwards<br />

of 72,000,000, of which no more than 2,400,000 are due to foreign banks. The<br />

pensions of the nobles and the redemption of their privileges represent over<br />

40,000,000 of the whole debt, the annual interest on which now amounts to<br />

3,200,000. Fully two-thirds pf<br />

land tax.<br />

the national income are derived from the<br />

Being protected by the sea, Japan could scarcely stand in need of a standing<br />

army. But during the critical times following the revolution, the new government<br />

Paper money circulating in 1881, 22,600,000.<br />

40<br />

475

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