Bhagavad Gita Bhasya (Gambhirananada)

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Tatha, similarly, in that very way; pralinah, when one dies; tamasi, while tamas predominates; jayate, he takes birth; mudha-yonisu, among the stupid species, such as animals etc. A summary of the idea of the preceding (three) verses is being stated: 14.16 They say that the result of good work is pure and is born of sattva. But the result of rajas is sorrow; the result of tamas is ignorance. English Translation of Sri Sankaracharya's Sanskrit Commentary - Swami Gambhirananda 14.16 Ahuh, they, the wise persons, say; that phalam, the result; sukrtasya, of good; karmanah, work, i.e. acts having the sattva quality; is verily nirmalam, pure; and is sattvikam, born of sattva. Tu, but; phalam, the result; rajasah, of rajas, i.e. of acts that have the qualitty of rajas-for the topic relates to actions; is duhkham, sorrow. In accordance with its cause, the result too is indeed sorrow, a product of rajas. So also ajnanam, ignorance; is, as before, (the result) tamasah, of tamas, of unrighteous acts that have the quality of tamas. What else results from the qualities? 599
14.17 From sattva is born knowledge [Knowledge acquired through the sense-organs.], and from rajas, verily, avarice. From tamas are born inadvertence and delusion as also ignorance, to be sure. English Translation of Sri Sankaracharya's Sanskrit Commentary - Swami Gambhirananda 14.17 Sattvat, from sattva, when it predominates; sanjayate, is born; jnanam, knowledge; and rajasah, from rajas; is verily born lobhah, avarice. Tamasah, from tamas; bhavatah, are born; both pramadamohau, in-advertence and delusion; as also ajnanam, ignorance [Absence of discrimination.]; eva ca, to be sure. Further, 14.18 People who conform to sattva go higher up; those who conform to rajas stay in the middle; those who conform to tamas, who conform to the actions of the lowest quality, go down. English Translation of Sri Sankaracharya's Sanskrit Commentary - Swami Gambhirananda 14.18 Sattvasthah, people who conform to sattva, to the actions of sattva quality; gacchanti, go, are 600
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Srimad Bhagavad Gita English Transl
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kinsmen (1.37), relatives (1.34) an
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(rites and duties) alone' (47); 'Th
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imparted to you from the standpoint
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Vedas and then enquires into their
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Nor even do all the statements abou
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they are to be understood analytica
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'Tattvamasi, thou art That', with a
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English Translation of Sri Sankarac
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2.14 But the contacts of the organs
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happiness and sorrow when subjected
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unreal is dependent on awareness, t
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punah sadbuddheh, etc. so, the next
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the A.A. adds 'tatha dhana-nase-apy
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2.19 He who thinks of this One as t
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having experienced the process of o
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does he cause to be killed! [This i
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stump of a tree?! Vedantin: No, bec
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enlightened one, does not stand to
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continues (happily in the town of n
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e argued that from the expression,
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2.22 As after rejecting wornout clo
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stationary, i.e. fixed like a stump
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2.26 This (verse), 'On the other ha
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nonperception, as their beginning (
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2.30 O descendant of Bharata, this
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maranat, death. The meaning is that
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with determination; yuddhaya, for f
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listen to this (wisdom) from the st
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ighteousness in the form of Yoga (o
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2.43 Partha, O son of Prtha; those
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2.44 And vyavasayatmika, one-pointe
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and protection. Yoga means acquisit
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2.47 Your right is for action alone
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which it is said, 'undertake'? This
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which, through equanimity, makes ac
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samadhau, in samadhi, that is to sa
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in the Yoga of Knowledge after havi
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2.56 Moreover, that munih, monk [Sa
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absolute firmness in withdrawal, an
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Brahman cannot arise until attachme
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indriyani, organs; are vase, under
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seeking Liberation cannot avoid thi
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2.64 But by perceiving objects with
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2.66 For the unsteady there is no w
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etc. (60), and having established t
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who are really asleep; are said to
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It towards Itself. [Does the injunc
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coming from all sides; pravisanti,
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this, in the state of Brahman-hood
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own distinct result. Arjuna's quest
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Knowledge had been spoken of at all
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y the name of righteousness and are
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that in such texts as-'Extending to
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3.6 One, who after withdrawing the
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inaction, to non-performance (of du
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panca-maha-yajnas, five great offer
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knowledge of the Self, it is the bo
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and santosa means happiness in gene
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(you should perform your duty) for
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3.21 Yat yat, [This is according to
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yuktah, merged in yoga.-Tr.], he sh
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yuddhyasva, engage in battle; sanny
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3.33 Even a man of wisdom behaves a
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ecomes mindful only of the scriptur
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sin, a sinful act; api, even; anicc
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3.38 Yatha, as; vahnih, fire, which
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the embodied being; avrtya, by veil
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error, etc.-V.S.A.] is param, super
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Chapter 4 English Translation - Swa
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of their organs, and that the world
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yours. Aham, I; veda know; tani, th
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austerity. 'In that case, You have
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such Vedic texts as, 'The Brahmanas
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should taint them. Owing to the abs
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to; kim karma, what is action; and
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certainly on the plane of ignorance
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a totally opposite perception. And
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karmas) is inaction; since this pro
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His own words that there is no resu
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4.19 The wise call him learned whos
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away by the fire of wisdom. By way
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without possessions, he incurs no s
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accomplished with the mind and spee
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action...' (20). Of that very perso
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a compound word-) in the fire of Br
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differences among actions, accessor
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full realization. This is supported
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which is associated with all the qu
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withdrawal (samyama) [Samyama consi
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either inside or outside) ['Three s
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sacrifices. What to speak of the ot
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detached'-You will be freed from wo
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4.34 Viddhi, know; tat, that, the p
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4.36 Even if you be the worst sinne
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life) prior to the rise of Knowledg
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achieving; jnanam, Knowledge; adhig
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enounced actions through yoga, atma
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Chapter 5 5.1 Arjuna said -- O Krsn
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5.3 He who does not hate and does n
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of the results of the path of Knowl
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Knowledge). How does it lead to tha
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vijitatma, controlled in body; jite
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not for my gain'; apnoti, attains;
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is: The embodied one, however, who
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theirs-being covered by which ignor
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5.18 Panditah, the learned ones; sa
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will also say, 'Being without begin
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happiness in external objects. This
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impulse of desire and anger is cert
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5.25 Rsayah, the seers, those who h
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etc., brought to the intellect thro
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Chapter 6 6.1 The Blessed Lord said
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his rejection of thoughts for the r
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'That which they call monasticism,
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who has given up thought about ever
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source of such bondages as love etc
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ecomes manifest, i.e. becomes direc
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elative;- to all these as also sadh
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solitary, either naturally or throu
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e presented here as the primary obj
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egulated, whose effort in work is m
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6.29 Yoga-yukta-atma, one who has h
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6.32 O Arjuna, that yogi is conside
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possible to be attained through the
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6.38 Mahabaho, O Mighty-armed one;
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with its ausxiliaries, and instruct
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Me; asamsayam, with certainty, with
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vetti, knows; mam, Me; tattvatah, i
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of sustenance of life; and yaya, by
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discrimination. I am the tejah, cou
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Tr.] 'The world does not know Me, t
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ondage of the world. 'If it is that
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7.17 Of them, the man of Knowledge,
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gatim, super-excellent Goal to be r
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7.23 Since those non-discriminating
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world; na abhijanati, does not know
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happiness, sorrow and their causes,
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hajante, adore; mam, Me, the suprem
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individual, of actions, of the phys
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8.2 In order to settle these questi
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8.8 Partha, O son of Prtha; anu-cin
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as also the strength of concentrati
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Immutable (Brahman) is that' (ibid)
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six months, nor even a year! What t
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Why are all the worlds together wit
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same multitude of beings continues
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the Unmanifested. He is bhavah, the
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there is nothing superior-; yasya,
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krsnah, the dark fornight, means th
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English Translation - Swami Gambhir
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Chapter 9 English Translation - Swa
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knowledge of Brahman shines most br
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ound;-where?-mrtyu-samsara-vartmani
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9.7 O son Kunti, all the beings go
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[During creation, continuance and d
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9.12 Of vain hopes, of vain actions
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9.18 (I am) the gatih, fruit of act
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worshpping Me according to the resp
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Vedas-merely the Vedic rites and du
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O son of Kunti, worship Me alone (t
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ignorantly out of their devotion to
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9.27 O son of Kunti, whatever you d
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9.29 I am impartial towards all bei
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9.31 Having given up his external e
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this human life which is a means to
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10.5 Buddhih, intelligence-the powe
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manasa; from My mind-they were crea
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their hearts-atmabhavah means the s
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y the words 'all the sages', still
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alone; vettha, know; atmanam, Yours
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again, though spoken of earlier; at
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10.21 Among the Adityas [viz Dhata,
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10.23 Rudranam, among the eleven Ru
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10.26 Sarva-vrksanam, among all tre
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things possessed of souls were spok
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10.34 And I am Death, the destroyer
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10.36 Chalayatam, of the fraudulent
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10.39 Ca, moreover; O Arjuna, yat a
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10.42 Athava, or, on the other hand
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And they are nana-vidhani, of diffe
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form; eva, merely; anena, with this
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celestial flowers and clothings; di
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end. Becoming filled with humility,
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glowing all around, difficult to lo
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11.19 Pasyami, I see; tvam, You; as
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e of great purity and holiness, and
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11.24 O Visnu, verily, seeing Your
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ulers (pala) of the earth (avani);
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haste; into a pradiptam, glowing; j
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Even without you, all the warriors
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11.34 By saying, 'who have been kil
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good as dead when the four unconque
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salutation as well. Ananta, O infin
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sasankah, the moon; prajapatih, the
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Yours, of God; yat, whatever; uktam
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world, You are also pujyah, worthy
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11.45 Asmi, I am; hrsitah, delighte
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tava, to you; maya, by Me-who am ra
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11.52 Idam, this; rupam, form; mama
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is devoid of attachment and free fr
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Chapter 12 12.1 Arjuna said -- Thos
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is free from purblindness caused by
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e the supreme God' (Sv. 4.10), 'The
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greater. We shall speak later of th
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12.8 Adhatsva, fix manah, the mind-
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enounce the results of all works by
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existence together with its cause;
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ecome identified with God, they wou
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12.14 Santustah satatam, he who is
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understand in the right way the dut
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12.19 Narah, the person; tulya-nind
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above in, 'He who is not hateful to
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ksetram iti, as the field-because i
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mundance existence. And both these
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God who is present alike everywhere
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decrepitude, death, etc. do not. (O
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experiencer, and the very fact of b
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Liberation of the Self are real in
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Therefore, such being the case, the
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understands he is different from ca
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e knower of the field,' as also, 'K
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illustration was cited that a deser
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of ignorance? Opponent: Since ignor
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way by the gunas of Nature' (3.27),
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different branches of Vedic texts.]
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categories. The dasa, ten; indriyan
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samasena, briefly; udahrtam, spoken
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13.9 Non-attachment with regard to
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special kind of attachment consisti
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gathering of pure and modest person
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and because they are auxiliary caus
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strongly girding up the loins and d
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is meant to present Brahman as inde
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through th adjuncts in the form of
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Knowable gets expressed through det
Page 550 and 551: 13.16 Existing, bahih, outside- the
Page 552 and 553: 13.18 That is the Light even of the
Page 554 and 555: Gita. Who is fit for this true know
Page 556 and 557: ecause, there being nothing to rule
Page 558 and 559: to be; the hetuh, cause, in the sen
Page 560 and 561: with the qualities is the cause of
Page 562 and 563: vere 13 with the superimposition of
Page 564 and 565: Experiencer: As heat is by fire, si
Page 566 and 567: dawn of Knowledge, still is not ill
Page 568 and 569: not be that 'all actions' means tho
Page 570 and 571: atmanam, Self; atmani, in (their) i
Page 572 and 573: which one attains Immortality' (12)
Page 574 and 575: elephant created by magic, a thing
Page 576 and 577: established that the supreme Lord i
Page 578 and 579: another. In this way they destroy t
Page 580 and 581: English Translation of Sri Sankarac
Page 582 and 583: But this One is not an agent. Hence
Page 586 and 587: Chapter 14 14.1 The Blessed Lord sa
Page 588 and 589: Knowledge; na, are not; upajayante,
Page 590 and 591: desposits the seed, the agent of im
Page 592 and 593: association of happiness, which is
Page 594 and 595: attachment-hankering is the longing
Page 596 and 597: subduing both rajas and tamas. When
Page 598 and 599: 14.13 O descendant of the Kuru dyna
Page 602 and 603: orn; undhavam, higher up, in the wo
Page 604 and 605: 14.20 Having transcended these thre
Page 608 and 609: into body, organs and objects; vart
Page 610 and 611: sah, he; ucyate, is said to have; g
Page 612 and 613: absolute, unfailing Bliss by nature
Page 614 and 615: in the sense of stambha, perhaps me
Page 616 and 617: 15.2 The branches of that (Tree), e
Page 620 and 621: 15.5 The wise ones who are free fro
Page 622 and 623: come to that Abode? Reply: As to th
Page 624 and 625: 15.8 Yat, when; isvarah, the master
Page 626 and 627: unseen objects; na, do not; anu-pas
Page 628 and 629: light, brilliance, radiance; which
Page 630 and 631: ecoming; somah, Soma; rasatmakah, w
Page 632 and 633: knowledge of those who perform evil
Page 634 and 635: 15.17 But different is th supreme P
Page 636 and 637: hence, by virtue of being the most
Page 638 and 639: under-standing; etat, this, the scr
Page 640 and 641: or Karma-yoga have sattvika qualiti
Page 642 and 643: 16.3 Tajah, vigour, not the brightn
Page 644 and 645: Lord says-asurim, demoniacal; sampa
Page 646 and 647: Prtha, srnu, hear of, understand; t
Page 648 and 649: ighteousness, unrigtheousness, etc.
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with cares; pralayantam, which end
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16.14 Asau, that; unconquerable sat
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lood, hair, bones etc., and running
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mam, Me, God-transgression of My co
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ejected, and which is the root of a
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Chapter 17 17.1 Arjuna said -- But,
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threefold-born of sattva, rajas and
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17.4 Sattvikah, those having the sa
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espectively being shown here so tha
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just as it should be-with the firm
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austerity, austerity accomplished t
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gentleness-that which is called kin
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name, being honoured and worshipped
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17.24 Tasmat, therefore; yajna-dana
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17.27 And the steadfastness in sacr
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Brahman, who have fully purified th
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18.2 The Blessed Lord said -- The l
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18.3 Eke, some; manisinah, learned
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enounced ever undertaking,' 'who is
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ondage; and also because they are f
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internal organ has become purified
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emaining at without doing or causin
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after death to those who do not res
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the mind and the intellect.] in num
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18.16 Tatra is used for connecting
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absolute, unchanging witness of the
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accepted, It should have a change t
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18.19 Jnanam, knowledge; karma, act
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ased on rajas and tamas, those that
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tamas predominates. Now is being st
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consideration of its consequence, l
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esults of actions; lubdhah, covetou
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anything; and prthaktvena, severall
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understands; ayathavat, wrongly, no
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according as the situation arises f
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the end (of enjoyment); is mohanam,
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18.41 Parantapa, O scorcher of enem
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to have been classified according t
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18.44 The natural duties of the Vai
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karma-niratah, one devoted to his o
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For all undertakings are surrounded
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is not ever-changing, nor is action
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origination, they (the Viasesikas)
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(material) causes and becomes fit f
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two moons, etc. superimposed by the
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arises from the performance of one'
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The sentences, 'radiant like the su
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(momentary) consciousness have conc
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cannot be that pleasure is for plea
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(delusion); and niyamya, controllin
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18.53 (That person) vimucya, having
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eings', for this will be spoken of
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the culmination of Knowledge-which
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to coexistence with duties, like go
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anything else-; buddhi-yogam, to th
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actions performed in previous birth
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sasvatam, eternal; sthanam, Abode,
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18.65 Bhava manmana, have your mind
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the dark-ness born of ignorance wit
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form of sanke etc. and darkness fro
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then, since Liberation cannot come
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eing exhausted without creating ano
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performing nityakarmas is the resul
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circumstantial inference that, sinc
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the kamya-Agnihotra). Therefore, it
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mendicants belonging to the Order o
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case of a stump and a man, when the
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and even in the life preceding that
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ceases in the absence of the false
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knowledge of Brahman, the realizati
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Reply: No, for in the case of the '
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18.67 Idam, this Scripture; which h
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the supreme Teacher'-. Tho him come
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various sacrifices, viz rituals, lo
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ewilderment, natural indiscriminati
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narrated; vasudevasya, of Vasudeva;
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struck with great wonder. And hrsya
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Bhagavad Gita Bhasya (Gambhirananada)

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