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ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY: BOOK II 57 16. Concerning Emperor Anthemius of Rome, and those who ruled after him. 17. Concerning the death of Leo, and the reign of Leo the Younger. 18. Concerning the reign of Zeno and the death of his son Leo. [36] BOOK II OF THE ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF EVAGRIUS OF EPIPHANIA, SCHOLASTICUS AND EX-PREFECT 1 What happened in the time of Theodosius has been treated in the ¢rst book. Well then, 1 let us bring Marcian the celebrated Roman emperor to the fore, and ¢rst narrate who he was and whence and how he secured the empire of the Romans; let us thus expound at the appropriate times what happened under him. 2 Now Marcian, as narrated by many others and especially by Priscus the rhetor, was of Thracian descent, the child of a military man; in his eagerness to take up the livelihood of his father he had made a start for Philippopolis, 3 where he could be enrolled in the military regiments. On the way he observed a newly slain body that was lying on the ground; he approached this, since in addition to his absolute excellence in other respects he was particularly compassionate, he lamented what had happened and for a long time suspended his journey, as he wished to bestow the appropriate rites. But when some people observed this they informed the o⁄cials in Philippopolis, who arrested Marcian and interrogated him about the murder. And then, while conjectures and probabilities were prevailing over the truth and his story, as he was denying the man’s killing and [37] was on the point of paying penalty for murder, a sudden divine intervention delivered up the murderer. 4 This man, by laying aside his head in punishment for the deed, granted 1 A common way of introducing a new topic: cf. i.15 (Synesius). Allen, Evagrius 96, appositely comments on the legal £avour of the introduction, and compares i.7 (see i n. 67 above); there is also an epic £avour to the ‘who . . . whence . . . how’ sequence. 2 Cf. i.1, p. 6:32^3, for ‘the appropriate times’. 3 Modern Plovdiv, an important city on the main highway from Constantinople across the Balkans to the middle Danube and a convenient centre for recruiting the inhabitants of the Rhodope and Stara Planina mountain ranges. 4 For a similar miracle, cf. Letter to Cosmas 14, where a corpse is resuscitated at the tomb of Nestorius, thereby saving John, who guarded the tomb, from an accusation of murder.
58 EVAGRIUS Marcian his head. 5 When he had thus been unexpectedly saved he came to one of the military units there, wishing to enlist in it. In admiration for the man and correctly judging that he would be great and most eminent, they accepted him gladly and enrolled him among their own number, not at the bottom, as military law demands, but at a rank of a man who had recently died, whose name was Augustus, writing ‘Marcian who is also Augustus’ in the register. Hence the name anticipated the appellation of our emperors, in that they are called Augusti on being invested with the purple. As if the name did not tolerate remaining with him without the rank, nor yet in turn did the rank seek another name for enhancement, so his personal name and appellation were established as the same, since rank and public appellation were indicated through a single term. 6 And something else perchanced which can indicate Marcian’s imperial position. For when he accompanied Aspar on campaign against the Vandals he became a captive along with many others, after Aspar had been heavily defeated by the Vandals; he was led across a plain with the other prisoners, since Geiseric wanted to see those who had been enslaved. 7 When they had been assembled, Geiseric sat in one of the upper rooms, taking pleasure in the quantity of those who had been netted. As time passed, they acted as each thought best, since the guards had undone their bonds on Geiseric’s instructions. And so each behaved in di¡erent ways. But Marcian lay down on the plain and went 5 Cf. v.11 for Divine Providence protecting Tiberius. For word play in imperial descriptions, cf. vi.1 with n. 1 below. 6 For full references on Marcian, see PLRE II. 714^15, s.v. Marcianus 8. The explanation for Marcian’s advancement was, perhaps, that his father was a soldier who had died in action: in 594 Maurice enacted that such orphans be enrolled at their father’s rank, up to that of biarchus, and there was certainly comparable earlier legislation: Jones, LRE 675. The use of Augustus as a personal name is very rare (only one instance in PLRE). There is no parallel for the story, and Festugie' re (238 n. 2) suggested that it might have been invented by Evagrius; certainly the sententious comment about the name Augustus is typical of Evagrius’ style. Such omens and predictions of imperial succession are common: cf. v.21 (with notes) for Maurice, or Life of Eutychius 66^9 for predictions about Justin II, Tiberius and Maurice. 7 The Vandals crossed into Africa in May 429 and rapidly achieved sweeping successes against the Romans under Boniface, who was besieged in Hippo; in 431 Aspar led an eastern army to rescue Boniface, but was defeated. Aspar remained in Africa until 434 and probably arranged the treaty of February 435, which ceded to the Vandals Mauretania and the western part of Numidia in return for tribute. Marcian was Aspar’s domesticus, a combination of bodyguard, attendant and adviser.
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Translated Texts for Historians Thi
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Translated Texts for Historians Vol
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To Max, Brodie and Archie
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viii EVAGRIUS TRANSLATION AND NOTES
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ABBREVIATIONS AB = Analecta Bolland
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INTRODUCTION BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATI
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INTRODUCTION xv property with good
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INTRODUCTION xvii the revived festi
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INTRODUCTION xix detect evidence fo
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INTRODUCTION xxi possible that it h
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INTRODUCTION xxiii Stylites the Eld
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cedents to the Council of Constanti
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have formed the basis of Eustathius
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INTRODUCTION xxix description of th
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eading of his source might have avo
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INTRODUCTION xxxiii acta in the ear
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INTRODUCTION xxxv life; and the pro
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INTRODUCTION xxxvii Chalcedon as a
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INTRODUCTION xxxix doctrinal matter
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INTRODUCTION xli an explanation tha
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INTRODUCTION xliii visited the shri
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INTRODUCTION xlv incidental admissi
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the Devil’s game, and so Evagrius
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INTRODUCTION xlix word and deed and
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unclear . . . since He knows both t
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INTRODUCTION liii though it can be
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INTRODUCTION lv long-winded to thos
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INTRODUCTION lvii (ii.1: e.g. the d
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INTRODUCTION lix imperial city’,
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INTRODUCTION lxi TEXT AND TRANSLATI
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INTRODUCTION lxiii historical and h
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2 EVAGRIUS Synod was convened at Ep
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4 EVAGRIUS 15. Concerning the war a
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ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY: BOOK II 107
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After these had been read, the whol
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which He derived from Her. As for t
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[94] THESE ARE THE CONTENTS OF THE
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ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY: BOOK III 12
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to die, but he was murdered at the
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ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY: BOOK IV 199
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and the so-called letter of Ibas to
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And a bit later: ECCLESIASTICAL HIS
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ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY: BOOK V 255
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ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY: BOOK VI 291
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320 APPENDIX I John II 496^505 John
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APPENDIX II THE IMAGE OF EDESSA Alt
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THE IMAGE OF EDESSA 325 Procopius o
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GLOSSARY Acacian Schism. The disput
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GLOSSARY 329 hypostasis. Literally
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GLOSSARY 331 edict of 534, the here
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334 BIBLIOGRAPHY Chron. ad an. 1234
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336 BIBLIOGRAPHY öö, Discours 38^
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338 BIBLIOGRAPHY Malalas, Chronicle
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340 BIBLIOGRAPHY Slavonic Malalas;
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342 BIBLIOGRAPHY W. D. Barry, ‘Ar
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344 BIBLIOGRAPHY G. F. Chesnut, The
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346 BIBLIOGRAPHY E. K. Fowden, The
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348 BIBLIOGRAPHY E. Je¡reys (ed.),
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350 BIBLIOGRAPHY öö, The Prosopog
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352 BIBLIOGRAPHY eschatological ele
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MAPS
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The Middle East
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Constantinople
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362 Tetrapylon 85^6 Tychaeum 42 foo
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364 Ardabur (grandson) 36^7 Areobin
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366 154^5, 157^9, 162,166^7, 171^ 2
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368 Dexippus 286 Didymus the Blind
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370 Fausta, wife of Constantine 186
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372 Jerusalem, xviii, 36, 48^9, 75,
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374 Licinius, emperor 189 Limnae 14
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376 Numan, Lakhmid (590s) 314 Numid
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378 Rhodope 57 Ricimer 83^4, 99 Rom
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380 Thecla xix, 142 Theia (Teias) 2
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382 Yarmuk xliii Yazdgard I 46 Yazd
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384 Chronicon ad an.1234, cited 266
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386 sources: documents xxii^xxiii,
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388 Monophysites xix^xx, xxxvii, xl
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390 Sozomen xx, xliii, lv, lx^lxi,
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