Whitefly and whitefly-borne viruses in the tropics : Building a ... - cgiar

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Acronyms and Abbreviations PROFRIJOL Programa Cooperativo Regional de Frijol para Centro América, México y el Caribe (Regional Cooperative Bean Programme for Central America, Mexico and the Caribbean) PROMIPAC Programa Regional de Manejo Integrado de Plagas en América Central (Regional Integrated Pest Management Program for Central America) REDCAHOR Red Colaborativa de Investigación y Desarrollo de Hortalizas para América Central, Panamá y República Dominicana (Collaborative Network for Vegetable Research and Development for Central America, Panama and Dominican Republic) SADC Southern Africa Development Community SARH Secretaría de Agricultura y Recursos Hidráulicos (Secretariat of Agriculture and Hydraulic Resources), Mexico SARI Selian Agricultural Research Institute, Tanzania SARRNET Southern African Root Crops Research Network SDC Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation SEA Secretaría del Estado de Agricultura (State Agricultural Secretariat), Dominican Republic SENASA Servicio Nacional de Salud Animal (National Service for Animal Health), El Salvador SP-IPM Systemwide Programme on Integrated Pest Management TRTCP Tanzania Root and Tuber Crops Programme TWF-IPM Tropical Whitefly Integrated Pest Management Project UA University of Arizona- Tucson, USA UFL University of Florida- Gainesville, USA UNA Universidad Nacional Agraria (National Agricultural University), Nicaragua UNDP United Nations Development Programme USAID United States Agency for International Development USDA United States Department of Agriculture USNM United States National Museum UTLA Universidad Técnica Latinoamericana (Latin American Technical University) UW University of Wisconsin- Madison, USA Abbreviations AC1 replicase ACMD African cassava mosaic disease ACMV African cassava mosaic virus A.f. Aleurothrixus floccosus AFLP amplified fragment length polymorphism ANOVA analysis of variance A.p. Aleyrodes proletella AV1 capsid protein B.a. Bemisia afer BCaMV Bean calico mosaic virus BDMV Bean dwarf mosaic virus BG begomovirus BGMV Bean golden mosaic virus BGYMV Bean golden yellow mosaic virus B.h. Bemisia hirta BMMV Bean mild mosaic virus 349
BR Brazil B.t. Bemisia tabaci B.t.-A Bemisia tabaci A biotype B.t.-B Bemisia tabaci B biotype C plant infected as cutting CAR carbamates CLCuV Cotton leaf curl virus CMD cassava mosaic disease CMG cassava mosaic geminivirus CMV cucumoviruses, Cucumber mosaic virus CO Colombia COI cytochrome oxidase I CPMMV Cowpea mild mottle virus CVYV Cucumber vein yellowing virus DAS double antibody sandwich DNA deoxyribonucleic acid DR Dominican Republic DSM Dar es Salaam E early infected plant EACMV East African cassava mosaic virus Eg Egypt EIL economic injury level ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay EM electron microscopy EMIF electronic monitoring of insect feeding EPG electrical penetration graph ES El Salvador FFS farmer field school FL fiducial limits GA Guatemala GIS geographic information systems GV geminiviruses H healthy, symptomless plant HD Honduras HPR host plant resistant HR highly resistant HS highly susceptible I intermediate infected plant I intermediate resistance 350 Whiteflies and Whitefly-borne Viruses in the Tropics ICMV Indian cassava mosaic virus IPM integrated pest management Is Israel ITS internal transcribed spacers L late infected plant LC lethal concentration LSD least significant difference MABs monoclonal antibodies MAB-BS a broad spectrum monoclonal antibody used to detect bi-partite begomoviruses MAB-GA a monoclonal antibody used to detect the original Middle American isolates of Bean golden yellow mosaic virus-Guatemala MAP months after planting MIU multiple infection units Mo Mochis MR moderately resistant MYMV Mungbean yellow mosaic virus NARS national agricultural research systems NCM nitrocellulose membrane nt not tested O.c. Orchamoplatus citri OLCV Okra leaf curl virus OPs organophosphate insecticides ORF open reading frame PAGE polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis PCR polymerase chain reaction PepGMV Pepper golden mosaic virus PepLCV Pepper leaf curl virus PHYVV Pepper Huasteco yellow vein virus PR Puerto Rico PTY1 monoclonal antibody to detect potyviruses PVY Potato virus Y
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About the Partners CIAT The Interna
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Centro Internacional de Agricultura
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Chapter 4 Whiteflies and Whitefly-b
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Chapter 6 Whiteflies and Whitefly-b
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Contents Page Foreword vii Introduc
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Contents Chapter SECTION THREE Whit
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Foreword This book is the product o
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Introduction Introduction The Probl
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Introduction In addition to the yie
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Introduction in pesticide use in La
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Introduction annual crops, especial
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Introduction Plant Resistance contr
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Introduction Otim-Nape, G. W.; Bua,
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SECTION ONE Whiteflies as Vectors o
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Introduction CHAPTER 1.1 Introducti
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Introduction diseases than is cassa
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Introduction Sub-project on Whitefl
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Introduction References Aritua, V.;
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Introduction Thresh, J. M.; Otim-Na
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Ghana 1997, on 80 farms. These incl
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Ghana (6.2%), Bakentenma (5%) and K
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Ghana Legg, J. P.; James, B. D. 199
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Benin Northern guinea savannah Sout
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Benin or disease problem, the main
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Nigeria CHAPTER 1.4 Nigeria Introdu
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Nigeria TMS 30572 (18.8%) and TMS 3
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Nigeria FAO (Food and Agriculture O
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Cameroon protocol, to enable valid
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Cameroon Farmers undertook various
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Cameroon Robertson, I. A. D. 1987.
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Uganda between November 1997 and Ja
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Uganda environment, host plant heal
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Uganda local varieties. Assessments
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Uganda Harrison, B. D. 1987. Proper
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Kenya Recent epidemiological studie
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Kenya respective diseases were reco
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Kenya Bock, K. R. 1983. Epidemiolog
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Tanzania CHAPTER 1.8 Tanzania Intro
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Tanzania Adult whiteflies were more
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Tanzania loss) to assess yield loss
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Tanzania Legg, J. P.; Raya, M. 1998
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Malawi Increased Biological Underst
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Malawi Physiology and Ecology in th
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Madagascar Tanzania Madagascar Moza
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Madagascar surprising, particularly
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Diversity of African Cassava Mosaic
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Sweetpotato Virus Disease in East A
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Factors Associated with Damage CHAP
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Factors Associated with Damage Mean
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Factors Associated with Damage % SP
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Factors Associated with Damage thro
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Factors Associated with Damage Gedd
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Conclusions and Recommendations col
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Conclusions and Recommendations Mal
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Conclusions and Recommendations Mpi
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Conclusions and Recommendations com
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Conclusions and Recommendations con
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Conclusions and Recommendations (2)
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Conclusions and Recommendations Ger
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SECTION TWO Whiteflies as Pests and
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Introduction Czosnek, H.; Navot, N.
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Sudan cotton, leading to the introd
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Sudan Table 1. Reproductive host pl
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Sudan Historically, Sudan has been
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Sudan Only 10% of producers reporte
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Sudan Conclusions The work conducte
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Kenya CHAPTER 2.3 Kenya Introductio
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Kenya Increased Biological Understa
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Kenya Samples of 10 plants per fiel
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Kenya Table 4. Maximum incidence (%
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Kenya Seventy-nine percent of tomat
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Kenya under Phase 2 of the TWF-IPM
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Tanzania CHAPTER 2.4 Tanzania Intro
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Tanzania The reproductive host plan
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Tanzania Geographical range of whit
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Tanzania Local names given to white
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Tanzania Nono-Womdim, R.; Swai, I.
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Malawi levels of infestation by the
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Malawi Table 3. Maximum incidence (
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Malawi (40%) believe that the white
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Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus in E.
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Conclusions and Recommendations CHA
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Conclusions and Recommendations (Fi
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Conclusions and Recommendations Cen
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Conclusions and Recommendations the
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SECTION THREE Whiteflies as Vectors
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Introduction especially for export.
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Mexico CHAPTER 3.2 Mexico Introduct
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Mexico Culiacán, Sinaloa, in north
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Mexico Table 2. Virus survey of tom
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Mexico results of the molecular bio
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Mexico Strengthened Research Capaci
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Mexico López, R. 1996. Experiencia
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Guatemala 1960s, and at this time t
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Guatemala Table 2. Results of white
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Guatemala Table 5. Cropping systems
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Guatemala contemplated in this prel
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El Salvador CHAPTER 3.4 El Salvador
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El Salvador During the course of th
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El Salvador markets: common bean, m
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El Salvador Current Status of White
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Honduras Copan Ocotepeque Santa Bá
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Honduras Table 3. Biotyping of whit
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Honduras References Caballero, R. 1
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Nicaragua Nueva Segovia Madriz Este
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Nicaragua Lowlands of Nicaragua. Th
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Nicaragua Region VI is a main horti
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Costa Rica CHAPTER 3.7 Costa Rica I
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Costa Rica Table 1. Characterizatio
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Costa Rica Castillo, J. 1997. Movim
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Panama Bocas del Toro Chiriquí Ver
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Panama Gámez, R. 1970. Los virus d
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Haiti Grande-Anse Sud Grande-Anse S
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Haiti collaborators in this project
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Cuba Ciudad de la Habana Pinar del
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Cuba Table 3. Comparative homologie
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Cuba project provided three keynote
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Dominican Republic CHAPTER 3.11 Dom
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Dominican Republic monoclonal antib
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Dominican Republic Strengthened Res
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Reproductive Crop Hosts of Bemisia
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Biotypes of Bemisia tabaci CHAPTER
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Biotypes of Bemisia tabaci For this
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Biotypes of Bemisia tabaci 100 99 B
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Biotypes of Bemisia tabaci biotype
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Biotypes of Bemisia tabaci Table 2.
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Biotypes of Bemisia tabaci Already
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Conclusions and Recommendations gre
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SECTION FOUR Whiteflies as Pests of
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Introduction control, due to resist
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Introduction Posada, L. 1976. Lista
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Colombia and Ecuador B biotype B. t
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Colombia and Ecuador assistants and
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Colombia and Ecuador and squash. On
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Colombia and Ecuador Table 2. Main
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Colombia and Ecuador Table 6. Patte
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Insecticide Resistance in Colombia
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Conclusions and Recommendations res
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Page 316 and 317: SECTION FIVE Special Topics on Pest
Page 318 and 319: Sustainable IPM through Host Plant
Page 328 and 329: Biological Control of Whiteflies by
Page 340 and 341: Progress of Cassava Mosaic Disease
Page 348 and 349: Management of the Cassava Mosaic Di
Page 354 and 355: Conclusions Conclusions The Tropica
Page 356 and 357: Conclusions whitefly pests and thus
Page 358 and 359: Conclusions developing countries, a
Page 360 and 361: Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronyms
Page 362 and 363: Acronyms and Abbreviations FIRA Fid
Page 366: Acronyms and Abbreviations PYR pyre
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