Sustainable Agriculture Literature Review - Boulder County

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! !! "#$%&!'())!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*+!,-./!01#/2&! ! Figure 19: Potential Disadvantages of Cover Crops 405 Opportunity costs of income forgone by planting a cover crop instead of cash crops may be the highest costs associated with cover crops. For this reason, cover crops are rarely grown when cash crop alternatives are possible. 406 Spring soil temperature is particularly important in cover crop and conservation tillage systems. Cover crop residues keep the soil cooler, which benefits the cash crops throughout the summer, but can delay spring planting compared to a system without a cover crop because soil temperatures need to be warmer. This was shown in a study conducted in Northern Colorado, where reduced corn yields were reported for no-till compared to conventional tillage within a continuous corn production system due to cooler soil temperatures and slower plant development in 407, 408 the no-till system. "%%" !,342#.5#6/1!78$.%3/23$1! 9.21$#23$1!:1;.1
! !! "#$%&!'())!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!*+!,-./!01#/2&! The cost of seed usually can be recouped in the short-term by the reduced need for expensive nitrogen fertilizers and in the long-term by building and maintaining soil organic matter. 409 Cover crops and green manures help to cycle soil nutrients such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, and nitrogen. When green manure is incorporated into the soil or left down as no-till mulch, these plant-essential nutrients become available during decomposition, providing long-term soil nutrients. 410 ! Figure 20: Potential Advantages of Cover Crops 411 "%+" !,342#.5#6/1!78$.%3/23$1! 9.21$#23$1!:1;.1
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SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE LITERATURE
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Sustainable Agriculture Literature Review - Boulder County

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