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T5N " - Text number'5 - Nursing
CYSTITIS
Cystitis rarely is a primary condition. It usually
is secondary to an infection of the kidney, prostate or urethra.
The bladder epithelium normally is highly resistant to infection,
but continued drainage of infected urine from a
pyelonephritis,
»
infected drainage from an epididymovesiculi ti s or
prostatitis,
prolonged irritation from foreign bodies or calculi, ascending
infection from a diseased urethra, or prevention of normal
bladder emptying by a hypertrophied prostate, urethral stricture,
or neurogenic disturbance, may so wear down tissue
resistance
that disease is established. Following major surgical procedures,
chi 1dbirth . and prolonged bed rest, lowered resistance,
plus
inadequate bladder emptying, predispose to the development of
cystitis.
T6N - Text number 6 - Nursing
TREATMENT OF ACUTE RENAL FAILURE
Acute renal failure may be avoided by preventing the
occurrence of, or minimizing the duration and severity of shock,
tissue injury, or sepsis. Fluids, pressor agents, or blood
should be administered liberally until it is clear that despite
restoration of circulatory integrity, marked oliguria is; persisting.
Thereafter, continued administration of large volumes of fluid
in the presence of pronounced renal damage will lead to
overhydration. In the event of hemolytic reaction after
transfusion, the severity of subsequent acute tubular
mismatched
necrosis
is inversely proportional to the degree of hydration.