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towards an analysis of errors made by university students ... - DSpace

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86<br />

linked to <strong>an</strong>y other structural elements <strong>of</strong> the surrounding<br />

groups, they c<strong>an</strong> be included in the types <strong>of</strong> <strong>errors</strong> which have<br />

served<br />

our ( purposes.<br />

Thus, wbt <strong>errors</strong> may be characterized <strong>by</strong> the type <strong>of</strong><br />

tr<strong>an</strong>slation closely related to morpheme-bound as to the<br />

influence <strong>of</strong> the sequence <strong>of</strong> English ngps on the rendition<br />

<strong>of</strong><br />

equivalent Portuguese ngps. Among wbt <strong>errors</strong> we may<br />

find ngps whose tr<strong>an</strong>slation requires <strong>an</strong> insertion <strong>of</strong> a<br />

r<strong>an</strong>kshifted group or clause at (q) as the equivalent<br />

Portuguese<br />

structural element to one (m) in <strong>an</strong> English ngp.<br />

Errors labelled as i rg have also occurred in ngps<br />

whose tr<strong>an</strong>slation does not necessarily<br />

need the insertion <strong>of</strong> a<br />

r<strong>an</strong>kshifted group or clause at ^q) as one <strong>of</strong> the<br />

equivalent<br />

Portuguese structural elements, occupying the position <strong>of</strong> (m) ,<br />

in <strong>an</strong>-English<br />

ngp.<br />

5.4. The types <strong>of</strong> ngps which have been disregarded<br />

Before presenting the statistical <strong>an</strong>alysis applied to<br />

the types <strong>of</strong> <strong>errors</strong> mentioned above, a brief expl<strong>an</strong>ation about<br />

the kinds <strong>of</strong> ngps which have not been taken into account as part<br />

<strong>of</strong> this research is<br />

necessary.<br />

To find out the error rate per student in each ngp<br />

- which we shall be discussing in the following pages - we had<br />

to take into account the number <strong>of</strong> <strong>errors</strong> - wbt <strong>an</strong>d i rg ones -<br />

<strong>an</strong>d the number <strong>of</strong> ngps in each text administered to our EL I<br />

<strong>students</strong>. The number <strong>of</strong> words forming a ngp has also been<br />

taken<br />

into consideration as a possible factor which has posed some<br />

difficulties in the tr<strong>an</strong>slation <strong>of</strong> ngps. In this way, the

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