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FEEDING ECOLOGY OF JUVENILE KING AND TANNER CRAB IN THE SOUTHEASTERN BERING SEA by W. H. Pearson <strong>and</strong> D. L. Woodruff Battelle, Marine Research Laboratory Sequim, WA <strong>and</strong> B. J. Higgins Marine Concepts, Inc. Seattle, WA Final Report Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program Research Unit 624 April 1984 155
Page 1 and 2:
Outer Continental Shelf Environment
Page 5:
OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF ENVIRONMENT
Page 9:
Outer Continental Shelf Environment
Page 13 and 14:
TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures 5
Page 15 and 16:
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1. BIOS si
Page 17 and 18:
LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1. Table 3.1
Page 19 and 20:
SUMMARY Infaunal bivalve molluscs f
Page 21 and 22:
FINAL REPORT on BAFFIN ISLAND EXPER
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they have little or no ability to m
Page 25 and 26:
2. HYDROCARBON BIOACCUMULATION 2.1
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Table 2.1. Summary of oil concentra
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some of the oil during the period b
Page 31 and 32:
Figure 2.3. Variation of aromatic h
Page 33 and 34:
Figure 2.5. Mya truncata-GC 2 profi
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Figure 2.7. Aromatic profiles from
Page 37 and 38:
Figure 2.9. Mya truncata aromatic p
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Figure 2.11. Mya truncata-GC 2 prof
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Figure 2.13. Concentrations of oil
Page 43 and 44:
Figure 2.15. Mya truncata-Bay 11 (a
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Figure 2.17. Variation of aromatic
Page 48 and 49:
Figure 2.19. Serripes groenlandicus
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Figure 2.23. Aromatic hydrocarbon p
Page 54 and 55:
Page 56 and 57:
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Figure 2.30. Astarte aromatic profi
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Figure 2.34. Aromatic hydrocarbon G
Page 64 and 65:
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Astarte, Bay 9, 1-day post-spill, 7
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increase in water-borne oil concent
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decision based on GC 2 . Oil levels
Page 72 and 73:
profiles of tissue extracts of the
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A similar differential behavior of
Page 76 and 77:
Table 3.1. Dates of collection and
Page 78 and 79:
Fixed specimens from the 1981 colle
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Table 3.4. Summary of histopatholog
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Table 3.6. Summary of histopatholog
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Figure 3.1. Granulocytoma in testis
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Figure 3.5. Excessively vacuolated
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4. BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF OIL The o
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Table 4.1. Carbohydrates and lipids
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Table 4.2. Concentrations of petrol
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Table 4.4. Mean concentrations of f
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In clams collected immediately befo
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Table 4.7. A summary of associated
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parameters measured. Clams from the
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alone was more gradual and reached
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interfered with feeding, gonadal de
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Brown, R.S., C.W. Brown, and S.B. S
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Malins, D.C. 1982. Alterations in t
Page 113: APPENDIX I: PANH COMPOUNDS IN OIL 1
Page 116 and 117: SPECTRUM DISPLAY/EDIT **
Page 118 and 119: ** SPECTRUM DISPLAY/EDIT **
Page 120 and 121: ** SPECTRUM DISPLAY/EDIT
Page 122 and 123: FILE NUMBER 12421
Page 127 and 128: XX SPECTRUM DISPLAV/EDIT **
Page 131 and 132: ** SPECTRUM DISPLAVY/EDIT **
Page 133: APPENDIX III: ASTARTE BOREALIS: BAY
Page 147 and 148: ** SPECTRUM DISPLAY/EDIT**
Page 153 and 154: ** SPECTRUM DISPLAY/EDIT **X
Page 155: APPENDIX V: SERRIPES GROENLANDICUS:
Page 167 and 168: TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures .
Page 169 and 170: LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Station l
Page 171 and 172: LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Ship operat
Page 173: Table 22. Caloric intake from vario
Page 176 and 177: The caloric intakes by juvenile kin
Page 178 and 179: MATERIALS AND METHODS CRUISE OPERAT
Page 180 and 181: Figure 2.--Station locations during
Page 182 and 183: Table 1. Ship operations accomplish
Page 184 and 185: Regression analysis was used to rel
Page 186 and 187: SHIPBOARD OBSERVATIONS OF FEEDING B
Page 188 and 189: Table 2. Clearance rates for all it
Page 190 and 191: obtain sufficient weights all the s
Page 192 and 193: RESULTS LOCATION AND COLLECTION OF
Page 194 and 195: For tanner crab, C. bairdi, the fol
Page 196 and 197: Table 3. Stomach fullness as a func
Page 198 and 199: falling to an inflection point wher
Page 200 and 201: Figure 5. Exponential decay curve f
Page 202 and 203: Figure 7. Exponential decay curve f
Page 204 and 205: Table 4. Stomach clearance rates fo
Page 206 and 207: Estimating an appropriate residence
Page 208 and 209: Figure 9. Volume of solids in stoma
Page 210 and 211: Figure 11. Percentage of stomachs w
Page 212 and 213: Table 6. Diel feeding chronology fr
Page 214 and 215:
as a function of the number of stom
Page 216 and 217:
Table 7. Percentage frequency of oc
Page 218 and 219:
Table 8. Uncorrected species compos
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Table 10. Dietary composition of ju
Page 222 and 223:
The frequency of occurrence and die
Page 224 and 225:
Table 13. Dietary composition (% of
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Table 15. Dry weights of prey items
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Table 17. Dietary composition (% of
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Table 18. Caloric values of marine
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Table 19. Caloric values of tissue
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Table 20. Caloric intake from vario
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Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Table 26. Matrix of self and cross
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There was an average of four prey a
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Figure 13a. Loss of precipitin reac
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Figure 14. An example of the algori
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Table 28. Immunoassay precipitin re
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Table 30. Immunoassay precipitin re
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development of unique antigens to d
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Table 31. Comparison of June dietar
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Table 33. Comparison of overall die
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items generally fall between 4000 a
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Figure 15. Station locations near P
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spills need consideration. The effe
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mm) also occur in similiar habitat
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CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Juv
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surface. The smallest juvenile king
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Human endeavors ca
Page 272 and 273:
Conan, G., L. Laubier, M. Marchand,
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Newman, G. G., and D. E. Pollock. 1
Page 277:
DISTRIBUTION OF LARVAL AND JUVENILE
Page 281 and 282:
TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures .
Page 283 and 284:
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.2-1 Figure
Page 285:
LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1-1 Table 2.
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(University of Alaska at Juneau) an
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Kvichak Bay during September. The d
Page 292 and 293:
esults of many research projects ha
Page 294 and 295:
Figure 1.2-1 Location of study area
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Data on distribution and abundance
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shallow water for breeding around K
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Interannual timing of the onset of
Page 302 and 303:
ecology of young juveniles in Dutch
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SECTION 2.0 METHODS 2.1 Field Metho
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB CRUISE 83
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TABLE 2.1-1 SUMMARY OF FIELD SAMPLI
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB STATION I
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Larvae. Larval red king crab distri
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TABLE 2.1-2 EPIBENTHIC SAMPLING GEA
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2.2 Laboratory Methodology 2.2.1 Se
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Resource Assessment. The conversion
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egg condition for females. Analysis
Page 323 and 324:
SECTION 3.0 RESULTS 3.1 Physical En
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Page 327 and 328:
Page 329 and 330:
Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
TABLE 3.1-1 SEDIMENT SIZE CHARACTER
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB PERCENTAG
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB TRAWL SAM
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB SIDE-SCAN
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB APPARENT
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along the coast from Cape Newenham
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB LARVAL ST
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esulted from the apparent concentra
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB VERTICAL
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB ESTIMATED
Page 359 and 360:
TABLE 3.4-1 NUMBER OF POST LARVAL R
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1+ crabs were found, no age 2 crabs
Page 363 and 364:
TABLE 3.5-1 SUMMARY OF EPIFAUNAL SA
Page 365 and 366:
BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB ROCK DRED
Page 367 and 368:
A total of 317 crabs age 3 and youn
Page 369 and 370:
BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB DISTRIBUT
Page 371 and 372:
TABLE 3.5-2 TOTAL NUMBERS OF RED KI
Page 373 and 374:
The results of correlation analysis
Page 375 and 376:
TABLE 3.5-4 CORRELATION MATRIX FOR
Page 377 and 378:
ability (r 2 =0.9530) in the single
Page 379 and 380:
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TABLE 3.6-1 TOTAL NUMBERS AND CATCH
Page 383 and 384:
Page 385 and 386:
3.7 Epibenthic Associations A varie
Page 387 and 388:
Dendrograms and two-way tables (not
Page 389 and 390:
Page 391 and 392:
SECTION 4.0 DISCUSSION 4.1 Larval D
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density of 43 larvae per 100 m 2 wa
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about 5 mm carapace length caught i
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1981b). Larvae hatched in this regi
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y strong tides, then similar larval
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1967) to 11 molts (Weber 1967). The
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Islands (Powell and Nickerson 1965;
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species. The attached invertebrate
Page 407 and 408:
The approach taken in this analysis
Page 409 and 410:
Such information can be used to gau
Page 411 and 412:
BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB LEASE SAL
Page 413 and 414:
Other categories such as mature mal
Page 415 and 416:
populations are probably well prote
Page 417 and 418:
The second hypothesized effect of o
Page 419 and 420:
nearshore area of the coastal domai
Page 421 and 422:
Ecological Vulnerability. Armstrong
Page 423 and 424:
Bristol Bay, resultant mortality is
Page 425 and 426:
Togiak Bays where young juveniles w
Page 427 and 428:
SECTION 5.0 REFERENCES Anderson, J.
Page 429 and 430:
Cucci, T. and C. Epifanio. 1979. Lo
Page 431 and 432:
Ito, K. and I. Ikehara. 1971. Obser
Page 433 and 434:
Mecklenburg, T.A., S.D. Rice and J.
Page 435 and 436:
Rossi, S.S. and J.W. Anderson. 1977
Page 437:
APPENDIX A: MEAN LARVAL RED KING CR
Page 441:
APPENDIX B: TRAWL GEAR TYPES USED B
Page 444 and 445:
APPENDIX B (continued) 434
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APPENDIX C TRAWL/DREDGE NOTES 437
Page 449 and 450:
APPENDIX C (continued) 439
Page 451 and 452:
Page 453 and 454:
Page 455 and 456:
Page 457 and 458:
Page 459 and 460:
Page 461 and 462:
Page 463:
APPENDIX D: GUT CONTENT ANALYSIS FI
Page 466 and 467:
APPENDIX D (continued) 456
Page 468 and 469:
APPENDIX D (continued) 458
Page 471 and 472:
APPENDIX E MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSI
Page 473 and 474:
APPENDIX E (continued) 463
Page 475 and 476:
Page 477 and 478:
Page 479 and 480:
Page 481:
Page 485 and 486:
APPENDIX F JUVENILE RED KING CRAB S
Page 487:
APPENDIX F (continued) Results and
Page 491 and 492:
TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures .
Page 493 and 494:
6.0 DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF S
Page 495 and 496:
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1 Station
Page 497 and 498:
Figure 4.1 Figure 4.2a Figure 4.2b
Page 499 and 500:
Figure 6.9 Distribution and abundan
Page 501 and 502:
LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Table 2.2
Page 503:
Table 6.1 Table 6.2 Table 6.3 Table
Page 506 and 507:
Service (NMFS) groundfish surveys i
Page 508 and 509:
published prior to an anticipated l
Page 510 and 511:
2. Larval crustaceans are more sens
Page 512 and 513:
eastern Bering Sea to date and, for
Page 515 and 516:
2.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 Sampl
Page 517 and 518:
However, the data are not included
Page 519 and 520:
not to subsample depended on the si
Page 521 and 522:
Table 2.2. List of taxonomic levels
Page 523 and 524:
In our annual report (Armstrong et
Page 525 and 526:
Bongo samples were usually split no
Page 527 and 528:
larvae. A computer program was used
Page 529 and 530:
Figs. 2.1 - 2.18. Station locations
Page 531 and 532:
521
Page 533 and 534:
523
Page 535 and 536:
525
Page 537 and 538:
527
Page 539 and 540:
Figure 2.19 Station locations of Ju
Page 541 and 542:
3.0 DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF K
Page 543 and 544:
Fig. 3.2. NMFS eastern Bering Sea c
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Fig. 3.3. Distribution of female re
Page 547 and 548:
and then increased through 1979 (Ot
Page 549 and 550:
3.1.2 Reproduction In late winter a
Page 551 and 552:
3.1.3 Larval Development Larvae are
Page 553 and 554:
(SII) varies from 24 days at 2°C t
Page 555 and 556:
Fig. 3.6. Distribution of blue king
Page 557 and 558:
Fig. 3.7b. Distribution and relativ
Page 559 and 560:
Fig. 3.8. Index map for proposed OC
Page 561 and 562:
per female. Larvae hatch around the
Page 563 and 564:
Fig. 3.9. Relative contributions of
Page 565 and 566:
Marasco 1980). Legal size at recrui
Page 567 and 568:
Fig. 3.11. Distribution and relativ
Page 569 and 570:
Fig. 3.12. A modification of Fig. 2
Page 571 and 572:
density. Such low abundance reitera
Page 573 and 574:
Fig. 3.13. Distribution and relativ
Page 575 and 576:
Fig. 3.14. Abundance of red king cr
Page 577 and 578:
ut larvae were very abundant in 61-
Page 579 and 580:
strata (I and II) were created to g
Page 581 and 582:
Table 3.3. Mean abundance of larval
Page 583 and 584:
Six time intervals were established
Page 585 and 586:
Fig. 3.17b. Larval frequency of occ
Page 587 and 588:
Fig. 3.18. Differences in apparent
Page 589 and 590:
Fig. 3.19. Frequency of occurrence
Page 591 and 592:
Fig. 3.20. Increase in dry weight o
Page 593 and 594:
1008 mg/larva, but those molting to
Page 595 and 596:
consider in regard to king crab bio
Page 597 and 598:
Fig. 3.22. Annual distribution and
Page 599 and 600:
Table 3.4. Relative annual abundanc
Page 601 and 602:
predator pressure and low (to no) s
Page 603 and 604:
fecundity to derive potential larva
Page 605 and 606:
4.0 DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF T
Page 607 and 608:
Fig. 4.1. Commercial landings of Ta
Page 609 and 610:
Table 4.1 (Cont.)
Page 611 and 612:
Fig. 4.2a. Sub-areas defined for th
Page 613 and 614:
Fig. 4.3. Principal areas of 1980 T
Page 615 and 616:
et al. 1975; Donaldson et al. 1980)
Page 617 and 618:
are reported in detail by Incze (19
Page 619 and 620:
Table 4.2. Timing of appearance of
Page 621 and 622:
female crabs sampled in late May an
Page 623 and 624:
this low number of larvae increased
Page 625 and 626:
Table 4.4. Zoeal development of Chi
Page 627 and 628:
Table 4.6. Weighted average proport
Page 629 and 630:
Data on the timing of molt from SII
Page 631 and 632:
Kon (1970) reported on the basis of
Page 633 and 634:
Fig. 4.6. Vertical distribution of
Page 635 and 636:
Page 637 and 638:
Page 639 and 640:
earlier discussion). There was no d
Page 641 and 642:
general, spatial patterns of larval
Page 643 and 644:
Figure 4.12 Distribution and abunda
Page 645 and 646:
1983). The relative contribution of
Page 647:
over 1 larva/m 3 (common abundance)
Page 650 and 651:
Table 5.1. Size, depth distribution
Page 652 and 653:
catchability in survey gear used. W
Page 654 and 655:
of the North Aleutian Shelf, partic
Page 656 and 657:
alutaceus was encountered in 47.8%
Page 658 and 659:
5.2 Purpose and Scope The purpose o
Page 660 and 661:
Table 5.4. Brachyura taxa identifie
Page 662 and 663:
stations had to satisfy criterion N
Page 664 and 665:
Figure 5.2 Vertical distribution of
Page 666 and 667:
taxa were collected too sporadicall
Page 668 and 669:
Table 5.5. Frequency of occurrence
Page 670 and 671:
Figure 5.4 Locations and densities
Page 672 and 673:
abundant in strata 6, 11, and 12 in
Page 674 and 675:
fined somewhat based on data from 1
Page 676 and 677:
Page 678 and 679:
Page 680 and 681:
them. Contrasts can be made to high
Page 682 and 683:
5.11 Distribution of mean density w
Page 684 and 685:
hints at the species' response to a
Page 686 and 687:
Page 688:
Figure 5.14 Cross and long-shelf pa
Page 691 and 692:
1981
Page 693 and 694:
Page 695 and 696:
Figure 5.16 Mean density and one st
Page 697 and 698:
Page 699 and 700:
Figure 5.18 Mean density and one st
Page 701 and 702:
early-June; SII from early-June to
Page 703 and 704:
Page 705 and 706:
6.0 DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF S
Page 707 and 708:
maturity as males at age 3.5 years
Page 709 and 710:
Wigley 1969; Rasmussen 1953 from Bu
Page 711 and 712:
Gulf of Maine were found to move in
Page 713 and 714:
shrimp survey conducted in Unalaska
Page 715 and 716:
single brood (Berkeley 1930). It is
Page 717 and 718:
Table 6.2. Life history information
Page 719 and 720:
Table 6.3. Life history information
Page 721 and 722:
distinctive group. Most notable cha
Page 723 and 724:
sampling patterns within the St. Ge
Page 725 and 726:
Figure 6.2 Duration of larval stage
Page 727 and 728:
Figure 6.3 Pandalus borealis stage
Page 729 and 730:
June 1978 compared to June 1981. Co
Page 731 and 732:
Figure 6.5 Distribution of Pandalus
Page 733 and 734:
Page 735 and 736:
Page 737 and 738:
George Basin and extended over the
Page 739 and 740:
Table 6.5. Cross-shelf comparison o
Page 741 and 742:
Figure6.11 Vertical Depth Distribut
Page 743 and 744:
Page 745 and 746:
Figure 6.15 P. tridens larval abund
Page 747 and 748:
Table 6.6. Cross-shelf comparison o
Page 749 and 750:
Distribution and Abundance of Panda
Page 751 and 752:
2) While hatchout of P. borealis la
Page 753 and 754:
Page 755 and 756:
months within a single year can be
Page 757 and 758:
Figure 6.21 Hippolytidae shrimp lar
Page 759 and 760:
Figure 6.22 Vertical depth distribu
Page 761 and 762:
Page 763 and 764:
Figure6.24 Crangon spp. larval stag
Page 765 and 766:
most probably due to the mix of spe
Page 767 and 768:
Larval crangonids, Crangon spp., we
Page 769 and 770:
Page 771 and 772:
Page 773 and 774:
larval densities were generally low
Page 775 and 776:
Page 777 and 778:
Figure 6.33 Penaeid sp. larval stag
Page 779 and 780:
Figure 6.34 Penaeid sp. stage frequ
Page 781 and 782:
in 1981 due to the sampling pattern
Page 783 and 784:
Page 785:
5. Crangonid larvae are the least a
Page 788 and 789:
Table 7.1. Frequency of adult and j
Page 790 and 791:
7.1.2 Reproduction Reproductive sea
Page 792 and 793:
7.2.1 Larval Duration Although seve
Page 794 and 795:
7.2.2 Distribution and Abundance Si
Page 796 and 797:
Page 798 and 799:
Page 800 and 801:
into strata of the outer shelf doma
Page 802 and 803:
Figure 7.7 Vertical depth distribut
Page 804 and 805:
dark hours showed very different di
Page 807 and 808:
8.0 POSSIBLE OIL IMPACTS ON DECAPOD
Page 809 and 810:
circulating over the shelf. Current
Page 811 and 812:
Sonntag et al. (1980). Following hy
Page 813 and 814:
8.2.1 Effects on Larvae A wealth of
Page 815 and 816:
crustaceans that results in greater
Page 817 and 818:
The second hypothesized effect of o
Page 819 and 820:
proportion of infertile egg masses
Page 821 and 822:
high concentrations to be toxic. Ba
Page 823 and 824:
of oil rapidly over the surface (Le
Page 825 and 826:
strongly disagree with this hypothe
Page 827 and 828:
gal; specific gravity of oil about
Page 829 and 830:
Figure 8.2 Lease sale areas in the
Page 831 and 832:
8.4). During summer and fall, oil f
Page 833 and 834:
most of this region and, as suggest
Page 835 and 836:
found from Unimak Island to Cape Se
Page 837 and 838:
8.5.4 Other Brachyuran Larvae Larva
Page 839 and 840:
search is called for on this group
Page 841:
1. Impact of oil via water and sedi
Page 844 and 845:
Balsiger, J. W. 1976. A computer si
Page 846 and 847:
Donaldson, W. E. 1980. Alaska Tanne
Page 848 and 849:
Hameedi, M. J. 1982. The St. George
Page 850 and 851:
INPFC - International North Pacific
Page 852 and 853:
Kendall, A. W., Jr., J. R. Dunn, R.
Page 854 and 855:
Lee, R. F., C. Ryan and M. L. Neuha
Page 856 and 857:
McLaughlin, P. A. 1963. Survey of t
Page 858 and 859:
Olsen, J. C. 1961. Pandalid shrimp
Page 860 and 861:
Rathbun, M. J. 1918. The grapsoid c
Page 862 and 863:
Sitts, R., and A. Knight. 1979. Pre
Page 864 and 865:
elongatus in the northeastern and e
Page 866 and 867:
Young, A. and T. Hazlett. 1978. The
Page 869:
APPENDIX A: S.E. Bering Sea shrimp
Page 872 and 873:
APPENDIX B. References used for ide
Page 875:
Distinguishing Between Chionoecetes
Page 879 and 880:
DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN CHIONOECETES
Page 881 and 882:
Measurements were made of PLS lengt
Page 883 and 884:
Figure 1. Comparison of PLS length
Page 885 and 886:
Table 1. Rostral-dorsal lengths of
Page 887 and 888:
We also compared our diagnostic fea
show all

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