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Figure 2.21 Locations and boundaries of strata used to contrast spatial distribution of decapod larvae in the S.E. Bering Sea. Strata 7, 3, and 4 encompass the shelfbreak/Oceanic domain; strata 8, 2, and 5 the Outer Shelf domain = the St. George Basin; strata 9, 1, and 6 the Middle Shelf domain; and stratum 11 the nearshore North Aleutian Shelf region.
3.0 DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF KING CRAB LARVAE, PARALITHODES CAMTSCHATICA, AND P. PLATYPUS, IN THE SOUTHEASTERN BERING SEA David A. Armstrong 3.1 Life History and General Biology: Paralithodes camtschatica 3.1.1 Distribution and Abundance The Bering Sea shelf including Bristol Bay has been characterized as three principal water domains, the coastal, middle shelf, and outer shelf domain that extend to about the 50 m, 100 m, and 200 m isobaths, respectively (Kinder and Schumacher 1981; Fig. 3.1). Information on distribution and abundance of red king crab in these shelf areas is more comprehensive than for any other decapod fished by U.S. fleets (see Section 4.0 for discussion of Tanner crab). For more than 12 years, the National Marine Fisheries Service has conducted broadscale trawl surveys in the southeastern Bering Sea (Fig. 3.2), and Otto (1981a) provides a history of information gathered by Japanese and Russian fleets during their participation in the fishery. A series of annual reports by the International North Pacific Fisheries Commission (INPFC) since the late 1950's provides a continuum of detailed data on king and Tanner crab stocks in the southeastern Bering Sea as well as in other locations fished by member nations. Red king crab are widely distributed from the Sea of Japan in the western Pacific through the Kuril Islands to the Kamchatka Peninsula, across to the southeastern Bering Sea and as far south as British Columbia in the eastern Pacific (Marukawa 1933; Vinogradov 1946; Weber 1967). The species is rather uncommon north of latitude 57°N and is 531
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Outer Continental Shelf Environment
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OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF ENVIRONMENT
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Outer Continental Shelf Environment
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TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures 5
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1. BIOS si
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LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1. Table 3.1
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SUMMARY Infaunal bivalve molluscs f
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FINAL REPORT on BAFFIN ISLAND EXPER
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they have little or no ability to m
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2. HYDROCARBON BIOACCUMULATION 2.1
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Table 2.1. Summary of oil concentra
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some of the oil during the period b
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Figure 2.3. Variation of aromatic h
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Figure 2.5. Mya truncata-GC 2 profi
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Figure 2.7. Aromatic profiles from
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Figure 2.9. Mya truncata aromatic p
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Figure 2.11. Mya truncata-GC 2 prof
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Figure 2.13. Concentrations of oil
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Figure 2.15. Mya truncata-Bay 11 (a
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Figure 2.17. Variation of aromatic
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Figure 2.19. Serripes groenlandicus
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Figure 2.23. Aromatic hydrocarbon p
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Figure 2.30. Astarte aromatic profi
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Figure 2.34. Aromatic hydrocarbon G
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Astarte, Bay 9, 1-day post-spill, 7
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increase in water-borne oil concent
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decision based on GC 2 . Oil levels
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profiles of tissue extracts of the
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A similar differential behavior of
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Table 3.1. Dates of collection and
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Fixed specimens from the 1981 colle
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Table 3.4. Summary of histopatholog
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Table 3.6. Summary of histopatholog
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Figure 3.1. Granulocytoma in testis
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Figure 3.5. Excessively vacuolated
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4. BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF OIL The o
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Table 4.1. Carbohydrates and lipids
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Table 4.2. Concentrations of petrol
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Table 4.4. Mean concentrations of f
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In clams collected immediately befo
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Table 4.7. A summary of associated
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parameters measured. Clams from the
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alone was more gradual and reached
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interfered with feeding, gonadal de
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Brown, R.S., C.W. Brown, and S.B. S
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Malins, D.C. 1982. Alterations in t
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APPENDIX I: PANH COMPOUNDS IN OIL 1
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SPECTRUM DISPLAY/EDIT **
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** SPECTRUM DISPLAY/EDIT **
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** SPECTRUM DISPLAY/EDIT
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FILE NUMBER 12421
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XX SPECTRUM DISPLAV/EDIT **
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** SPECTRUM DISPLAVY/EDIT **
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APPENDIX III: ASTARTE BOREALIS: BAY
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** SPECTRUM DISPLAY/EDIT**
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** SPECTRUM DISPLAY/EDIT **X
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APPENDIX V: SERRIPES GROENLANDICUS:
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FEEDING ECOLOGY OF JUVENILE KING AN
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DIETARY COMPOSITION ...............
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Figure 13a. Loss of precipitin reac
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Table 10. Dietary composition of ju
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ABSTRACT To determine the food requ
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FEEDING ECOLOGY OF JUVENILE KING AN
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Figure 1.--Station locations during
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Figure 3. Station locations during
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efore freezing. From large catches
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percentage of the maximum stomach v
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The amount evacuated is given by th
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examined entered the dry weight ana
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Battelle's Pacific Northwest Divisi
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tows and trawling as techniques for
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Stomach fullness plotted against ti
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Figure 4. Decay curve for the clear
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life of the compartment. Similarly,
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Figure 6. Exponential decay curve f
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Figure 8. Exponential decay curve f
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A comparison of the equations in Ta
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hard parts with the palps and then
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Figure 10. Standardized dry weight
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Table 5. Diel feeding chronology fr
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These results are comparable to tho
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Figure 12. The frequency of newly d
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Table 7. Continued
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Table 9. Dietary composition (% fre
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Table 11. Dietary composition of ju
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Table 12. Dietary composition (% fr
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Table 14. Soft tissue to hard tissu
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Table 16. Dietary composition (% of
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polychaetes in both June and August
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Table 18. Continued 221
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and, therefore, had a caloric value
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Table 21. Caloric intake from vario
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Table 27. Results of visual examina
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They were then fed thawed juvenile
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eing tested rather than to cross re
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against its respective antigen and
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Table 29. Results of visual examina
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DISCUSSION IMMUNOASSAY The immunolo
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juvenile king crabs may depend on c
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Table 32. Comparison of August diet
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stomach contents but soft-bodied po
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The assumption that, at least for t
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shows high similiarity between the
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supply requires prediction of the s
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have been shown to readily and rapi
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Using the diel feeding chronologies
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to 70 m, potential effects from dis
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REFERENCES Addy, J. M., D. Levell,
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Hill, B. J. 1976. Natural food, for
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Tyler, A. V, 1973. Caloric values o
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CLARIFICATION All references to "se
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4.0 DISCUSSION ....................
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Figure 3.2-2 Cruise 83-3 larval red
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was ori
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ABSTRACT The goal of this study was
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SECTION 1.0 INTRODUCTION The red ki
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1.1 Study Objectives The goal of th
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than 50 m. The oceanography of the
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entering the fishery have declined
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females. This relationship supports
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time to temperature. Time from egg-
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Juvenile crab in 2+ to 3+ age class
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB CRUISE 83
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB STATION I
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2.1.2 Field Gear and Sampling Metho
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consisted of 24 hours on all cruise
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were recorded for subsamples of lar
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200 individuals of the most common
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB STUDY ARE
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Epibenthic density and biomass data
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little vertical temperature stratif
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TABLE 3.1-1 (continued) 328
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB PERCENT G
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etween Unimak Island and Port Molle
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB SIDE-SCAN
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TABLE 3.2-1 MEAN LARVAL RED KING CR
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stations in this area where larval
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three-day period in June showed rat
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB DIEL VERT
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TABLE 3.3-1 GEOMETRIC MEAN DENSITIE
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during the June cruise (83-3). duri
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TABLE 3.4-2 NUMBER OF POST LARVAL R
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TABLE 3.4-3 NUMBER OF POST LARVAL R
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB TRYNET SA
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB TRYNET AN
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB DISTRIBUT
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NORTH ALEUTIAN BASIN RED KING CRAB
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TABLE 3.5-3 CORRELATION MATRIX FOR
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TABLE 3.5-5 CORRELATION MATRIX FOR
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at one 50 m deep TB station west of
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TABLE 3.6-2 SUMMARY OF BIOLOGICAL I
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TABLE 3.7-1 SUMMARY OF TRYNET CATCH
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group AB, especially the fish speci
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB LARVAL DE
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB LARVAL DE
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB KNOWN CIR
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Bay and west to Cape Newenham. The
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB 1978, 197
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protection against predators, as we
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which provides for adequate food (i
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4.5 Potential Effects of Oil and Ga
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to a great extent tidally driven, t
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(1983b), the same volume of oil is
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BRISTOL BAY RED KING CRAB SURFACE O
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Overt, rapid mortality of adult cra
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viability of the gametes is impaire
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detected by chemosensory organs. Pe
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and Alaskan species of shrimp and c
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interannual variability in abundanc
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that are killed by oil north of Uni
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Long-term, sublethal effects may al
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Botsford, L. and D. Wickham. 1978.
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Harris, R.P., V. Bergudugo, E.D.S.
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Kurata, H. 1961. Studies on the lar
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Paul, A.J., J. Paul, P. Shoemaker a
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Takeuchi, I. 1962, trans. 1967. On
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APPENDIX A MEAN LARVAL RED KING CRA
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APPENDIX B TRAWL GEAR TYPES USED BY
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APPENDIX C: TRAWL/DREDGE NOTES 435
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APPENDIX C (continued) 438
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APPENDIX D GUT CONTENT ANALYSIS FIE
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APPENDIX D (continued) 457
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APPENDIX E: MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESS
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APPENDIX E (continued) 462
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APPENDIX F: JUVENILE RED KING CRAB
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APPENDIX F (continued) Figure Fl. S
Page 489: DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF DECAP
Page 492 and 493: 4.0 DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF T
Page 494 and 495: 8.3 Larval Decapod Biology, Sensiti
Page 496 and 497: Figure 3.4 Figure 3.5 Figure 3.6 Fi
Page 498 and 499: Figure 5.8 Distribution and abundan
Page 500 and 501: Figure 6.29 Distribution and abunda
Page 502 and 503: Table 4.5 Table 4.6 Table 5.1 Table
Page 505 and 506: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We are indebted to
Page 507 and 508: 1.0 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1.1 Justif
Page 509 and 510: Larval stages are generally conside
Page 511 and 512: extent in 1982) did we have the opp
Page 513: The sections of this report describ
Page 516 and 517: Table 2.1. Dates and sources of zoo
Page 518 and 519: techniques which attempt to equally
Page 520 and 521: verification of results or examinat
Page 522 and 523: cation of these larvae and the vari
Page 524 and 525: meters) was often similar (generall
Page 526 and 527: Bongo frame, the MOCNESS frame cann
Page 528 and 529: abundance within strata were made b
Page 530 and 531: 520
Page 532 and 533: 522
Page 534 and 535: 524
Page 536 and 537: 526
Page 538 and 539: 528
Page 542 and 543: Figure 3.1. Location of proposed le
Page 544 and 545: characterized as part of the subarc
Page 546 and 547: Fig. 3.4. Distribution of male red
Page 548 and 549: Figure 3.5. Abundance estimates of
Page 550 and 551: pheromone cues could impair males'
Page 552 and 553: on larvae hatched elsewhere, includ
Page 554 and 555: aggregations could influence suscep
Page 556 and 557: Fig. 3.7a. Distribution and relativ
Page 558 and 559: the benthic habitat associated with
Page 560 and 561: conclusions of Slizkin (1973) who r
Page 562 and 563: A further observation germane to th
Page 564 and 565: Fig. 3.10. Major king crab catch ar
Page 566 and 567: 3.4 Results 3.4.1 Distribution and
Page 568 and 569: 11 and 12 (Figs. 3.11, 3.12). Too f
Page 570 and 571: Table 3.1. Number of zooplankton sa
Page 572 and 573: Because of the poor spatial coverag
Page 574 and 575: made them imperfect in areas (Fig.
Page 576 and 577: Table 3.2. A summary of larval red
Page 578 and 579: Fig. 3.15. Distribution and relativ
Page 580 and 581: Fig. 3.16. Interannual differences
Page 582 and 583: [An interesting note on annual abun
Page 584 and 585: Fig. 3.17a. Frequency of occurrence
Page 586 and 587: The occurrence of a multi-stage lar
Page 588 and 589: megalopae. These combinations of ye
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to early August (Fig. 3.17b), and s
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Fig. 3.21. Vertical distribution of
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consequences of oil exposure scenar
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abundance in time and space is corr
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Female crabs were abundant in strat
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observing that: 1) the mature femal
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Much research on king crab biology
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12) Determine interannual differenc
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around the traditional king crab fi
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Table 4.1. Historic U.S. Tanner cra
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(NMFS) since the early 1970's. In a
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Fig. 4.2b Centers of abundance of b
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4.3 Reproduction and Description of
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oth species for 80 mm specimens, bu
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from all stations were pooled for v
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Fig. 4.4. Timing of appearance of l
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Table 4.3. Timing of appearance of
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megalops larvae of both species and
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Table 4 . 5 .Proportion of Stage II
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Fig. 4.5. Temporal aspects of devel
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assumes a relatively homogeneous di
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Methods for analysis of depth distr
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Fig. 4.7. Vertical distribution of
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were found in the upper 40 m. Eight
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From the diel stations, 10% or more
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difficulties in quantitatively samp
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Figure 4.10 Distribution and abunda
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The distribution patterns for C. ba
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3. Most of the larval hatchout occu
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5.0 DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF O
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Table 5.2. Early life history infor
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tions are not available for them. D
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to as wide as 250 mm wide by a maxi
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alutaceus larvae were collected fro
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Table 5.3. Species list of non-Chio
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annually, which resulted in little
Page 663 and 664:
Figure 5.1 Vertical distribution of
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examining their vertical larval dis
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also July of 1981. Within strata, b
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Figure 5.3 Seasonal occurrence of l
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Figure 5.5 Mean density and one sta
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Long-shelf density of Erimacrus lar
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Figure 5.6 Frequency-of-occurrence
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Figure 5.7 Distribution and abundan
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Figure 5.10 Distribution of mean de
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Figure 5.12 Distribution of mean de
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at 21% of all stations sampled and
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Table 5.7. Frequency of occurrence
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1980
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2) In May and June of all years com
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Figure 5.15 Locations and densities
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excess of 100,000/100 m² were foun
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Distribution and Abundance: Larvae
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Table 5.10. Stratum number Frequenc
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Figure 5.20. Mean density and one s
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Pandalus borealis - Haynes 1979 Pan
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Table 6.1. Comparison of life histo
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this age are non-reproducing or ste
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Bering Sea stocks during the early
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in the Bering Sea but Butler (1980)
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6.3 Hippolytidae The Hippolytidae a
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summer food for spotted seals. Fede
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21% of the 1976 tows (Feder 1978).
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Figure 6.1 Frequency of occurrence
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A stage frequency histogram for P.
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Figure 6.4 Pandalus tridens stage f
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ottom. A pandalid larval type that
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Pandalopsis dispar was taken only o
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Figure 6.10 P. borealis larval abun
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outer shelf with the oceanic area b
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Since P. tridens occurred less freq
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outer shelf during those years. Sam
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Figure 6.16 Vertical depth distribu
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SI zoeae were first taken in March
Page 754 and 755:
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Table 6.7. Cross-shelf comparison o
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during PROBES 1980 and 1981 samplin
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4) Larvae were distributed homogene
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Figure 6.25 Crangon spp. stage freq
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Figure 6.26 Argis spp. distribution
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Figure 6.31 Crangon spp. larval abu
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2) The intermolt period of about 2
Page 778 and 779:
Figure 6.33, these deepwater shrimp
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3) Larvae were in the water column
Page 787 and 788:
7.0 DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF H
Page 789 and 790:
Table 7.2. Reproductive data for fo
Page 791 and 792:
and 1976 (between the Pribilof Isla
Page 793 and 794:
Figure 7.1 Paguridae stage frequenc
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Page 799 and 800:
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Figure 7.6 Mean larval densities of
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Figure 7.8 Vertical depth distribut
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3) Larval duration in the plankton
Page 808 and 809:
and oil transport developed for the
Page 810 and 811:
Figure 8.1 Current directions and n
Page 812 and 813:
discussed by participants at the St
Page 814 and 815:
Larval Feeding: Studies with other
Page 816 and 817:
and high resultant mortality. Sonnt
Page 818 and 819:
The third reproductive effect invol
Page 820 and 821:
to and impact on, pelagic and benth
Page 822 and 823:
3. Oil was mixed to a 50-m depth in
Page 824 and 825:
synthesis as mutagenic/teratogenic
Page 826 and 827:
One or two very weak year-classes r
Page 828 and 829:
were covered by lower concentration
Page 830 and 831:
Figure 8.3 Surface oil trajectories
Page 832 and 833:
are to the west-southwest (Fig. 8.4
Page 834 and 835:
Large volumes of oil reaching shall
Page 836 and 837:
of time in the neuston layer. If th
Page 838 and 839:
in this area and so deleterious eff
Page 840 and 841:
4. Exposure of developing eggs and
Page 843 and 844:
LITERATURE CITED Adams, A. E. 1979.
Page 845 and 846:
Butler, T. H. 1971. A review of the
Page 847 and 848:
Feder, H. M. and S. C. Jewett. 1980
Page 849 and 850:
Haynes, E. B. 1980a. Larval morphol
Page 851 and 852:
Ivanov, B. G. 1964. Results in the
Page 853 and 854:
Kurata, H. 1960. Studies on the lar
Page 855 and 856:
Douglas Wolfe, ed. Fate and Effects
Page 857 and 858:
Motoh, H. 1976. The larval stages o
Page 859 and 860:
king crab Paralithodes camtschatica
Page 861 and 862:
Roncholt, L. L. 1963. Distribution
Page 863 and 864:
Somerton, D. A. and R. A. Macintosh
Page 865 and 866:
Wencker, D. L., L. S. Incze, and D.
Page 867:
APPENDICES: A: S.E. Bering Sea Shri
Page 871 and 872:
APPENDIX B. References used for ide
Page 873:
APPENDIX C. Paguridae and Lithodida
Page 877:
TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT .......
Page 880 and 881:
zoeae of these two species from the
Page 882 and 883:
the curved lateral processes reach
Page 884 and 885:
Additional Morphological Features U
Page 886 and 887:
APPLICATION OF FINDINGS TO FIELD ST
Page 888:
Kurata, H. 1963. Larvae of Decapoda
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