2007 Trafficking in Persons Report - Center for Women Policy Studies

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S P E C I A L C A S E S country. Tunisia is listed as a special case due to lack of credible information of a significant number of trafficking incidents this year. Scope and Magnitude. Tunisia is a transit country for North and sub-Saharan African men and women migrating to Europe, some of whom may be trafficked for the purpose of involuntary servitude or sexual exploitation. The Government of Tunisia does not systematically differentiate trafficking victims from illegal migrants traveling through the country. Tunisia may also be a source country for internal trafficking of children for commercial sexual exploitation. Government Efforts. Tunisia does not prohibit all severe forms of trafficking in persons, but does prohibit forced prostitution through Article 233 of its penal code; prescribed punishment under this statute is three to five years’ imprisonment. The government pursued no trafficking prosecutions under that law this year. Though government officials have a general understanding of trafficking issues, Tunisia should ensure that law enforcement officers and prosecutors are formally trained in identifying potential trafficking victims and are prosecuting trafficking cases when they arise. Tunisia should also enact a comprehensive anti-trafficking law that criminalizes all forms of trafficking in persons, assigning penalties both sufficiently stringent to deter the crime and adequately reflective of the heinous nature of the crime. The government monitors its borders closely to interdict smuggling and trafficking rings. However, Tunisia does not employ a formal mechanism to systematically identify trafficking victims among illegal migrants and those arrested for prostitution. Victims of trafficking, if identified, have access to social services available for the abused and vulnerable. The government assigns a child protection delegate to each district to ensure that child sexual abuse victims receive adequate medical care and counseling. Tunisia also employs government workers, including social workers, to assist in three shelters for abused women and children operated by the Tunisian National Women’s Union. Nonetheless, some child victims of commercial sexual exploitation may be incarcerated for prostitution. The government should institute a formal victim identification mechanism to ensure that victims of trafficking are not deported or jailed. The government should also offer victims legal alternatives to removal to countries where they may face hardship or retribution. To prevent the abuse of Tunisian workers abroad, the government continued to deploy “social attachés” in countries with large Tunisian populations to inform those workers of their rights. The government should continue monitoring its borders to screen for potential victims of trafficking as they enter the country, and should develop anti-trafficking public awareness campaigns. TURKMENISTAN Turkmenistan is not listed in the Report this year because available information is insufficient to substantiate a significant number of victims in the country. Scope and Magnitude. Turkmenistan appears to be a source country for women trafficked to Turkey, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Iran, Israel, and the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.) for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation. Women may be trafficked internally for purposes of sexual exploitation and involuntary servitude. According to IOM, there were six confirmed Turkmen victims trafficked to Turkey in 2006. One potential victim of sexual exploitation was intercepted in Kazakhstan while en route to the U.A.E. Government Efforts. The Government of Turkmenistan does not publicly acknowledge trafficking as a problem and does not actively investigate cases of trafficking. There are no laws prohibiting trafficking in persons, however, traffickers could be prosecuted under various articles of the penal code. Although the government does not provide specialized training for government officials in how to recognize, investigate and prosecute instances of trafficking, 40 government officials from various ministries attended a May 2006 anti-trafficking training seminar conducted by IOM. Corruption remained a serious problem throughout society and within the government, although there were no reports of government officials directly involved in human trafficking. The Government of Turkmenistan does not monitor the trafficking situation within its borders, nor does it have a strategy to do so. There is no formal victim identification system in Turkmenistan. The government does not provide medical assistance, counseling, shelter, or rehabilitative services to victims of trafficking and does not provide funding to foreign or domestic anti-trafficking NGOs to provide services to victims; however, the government does allow IOM to provide services. In December 2005, the State Service for Registration of Foreigners formally signed an agreement with IOM to help foster greater cooperation and assistance in combating trafficking; this agreement facilitated the May 2006 anti-trafficking training seminar conducted by IOM. The government conducted no trafficking awareness campaigns or prevention efforts during the reporting period. S P E C I A L C A S E S 222
This poster released by the Government of Denmark raises the public’s awareness about stopping the demand for sex trafficking victims and reads: “She has herself chosen it”. And below: “The notion that foreign prostitutes are in Denmark to make quick money is a lie. The reality is forced sex with men up to 16 times a day and threats to her life if she does not comply. You are able to participate in stopping this trade in people. You have a choice. That is what she doesn’t have”. 223
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Trafficking in Persons Report June
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Dear Reader: Two hundred years ago,
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VICTIM PROFILES The victims’ test
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I N T R O D U C T I O N “There re
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I N T R O D U C T I O N INDIA Forc
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I N T R O D U C T I O N A Western m
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I N T R O D U C T I O N To compile
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I N T R O D U C T I O N KENYA/ GERM
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I N T R O D U C T I O N “Human tr
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I N T R O D U C T I O N 18 NIGERIA/
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I N T R O D U C T I O N Criminal Pu
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I N T R O D U C T I O N Confiscatio
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I N T R O D U C T I O N Kyrgyz Repu
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I N T R O D U C T I O N UKRAINE/ IT
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I N T R O D U C T I O N Children Ex
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I N T R O D U C T I O N POLICY APPR
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I N T R O D U C T I O N Products Ma
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I N T R O D U C T I O N The Plight
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GLOBAL LAW ENFORCEMENT DATA I N T R
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C O M M E N D A B L E I N I T I AT
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H E R O E S A C T I N G T O E N D M
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T I E R P L A C E M E N T S TIER PL
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C O U N T R Y M A P S CHINA MONGOLI
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C O U N T R Y M A P S MOROCCO TUNIS
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C O U N T R Y M A P S CANADA U. S.
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50 COUNTRY NARRATIVES
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A L G E R I A 52 trafficked onward
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A R G E N T I N A Prosecution The g
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A R M E N I A 56 ARMENIA (Tier 2 Wa
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A U S T R I A seas. Australia, as c
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B A H R A I N 60 BAHRAIN (Tier 3) B
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B E L A R U S 62 no efforts to prot
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B E L I Z E / B E N I N 64 BELIZE (
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B O S N I A A N D H E R Z E G O V I
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B R A Z I L 68 remained lacking. In
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B U R K I N A F A S O 70 ing invest
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B U R U N D I 72 trials lacking tra
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C A M B O D I A success in combatin
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C A N A D A 76 CANADA (Tier 1) Cana
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C H A D 78 tion, the government als
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C H I N A 80 CHINA (Tier 2 Watch Li
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C O S TA R I C A 82 The Government
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C R O AT I A 84 and girls are traff
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C Y P R U S 86 American tourists ev
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C Z E C H R E P U B L I C 88 convic
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D E N M A R K 90 including child so
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D O M I N I C A N R E P U B L I C 9
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E C U A D O R abandonment process,
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E L S A LV A D O R to assist in inv
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E T H I O P I A 98 trafficking; how
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F I N L A N D 100 and subsequent co
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G A B O N 102 Prosecution The Gover
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G E O R G I A 104 should: increase
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G H A N A 106 in red light district
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G U AT E M A L A 108 The Government
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G U I N E A - B I S S A U 110 servi
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H O N D U R A S 112 particularly in
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H U N G A R Y 114 ficking. Sex traf
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I N D I A significant problem. Over
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I N D O N E S I A Though states hav
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I R A N medical clinic in its shelt
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I TA LY 122 Prior to passing the ne
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J A P A N 124 Prosecution The Gover
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J O R D A N 126 ing efforts in Thai
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K E N Y A 128 victims to NGOs. In 2
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K U W A I T 130 Equality and Family
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K Y R G Y Z R E P U B L I C / L A O
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L E B A N O N 134 of commercial sex
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L I B Y A 136 suspected trafficker
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L U X E M B O U R G approximately 7
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m a c e d o n i a 140 countries whe
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M A L A W I 142 20 children were se
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M A L I 144 establish a government-
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M A U R I TA N I A 146 The Governme
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M E X I C O 148 15 years’ impriso
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M O L D O V A 150 ing victims, Mexi
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M O N T E N E G R O 152 announced p
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M O Z M B I Q U E 154 result, poten
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T H E N E T H E R L A N D S Protect
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N I C A R A G U A 158 Reform Act fo
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N I G E R I A 160 ing, Niger should
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N O R W A Y 162 The D.P.R.K. regime
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P A K I S TA N 164 anti-trafficking
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P A P U A N E W G U I N E A Protect
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P H I L I P P I N E S 168 The Gover
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P O L A N D 170 referred victims to
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Page 178 and 179: S A U D I A R A B I A 176 governmen
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Page 188 and 189: S P A I N 186 Protection Government
Page 190 and 191: S U D A N 188 in trafficking. There
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Page 194 and 195: S Y R I A 192 Protection The govern
Page 196 and 197: TA J I K I S TA N 194 of traffickin
Page 198 and 199: TA N Z A N I A The Government of Ta
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Page 204 and 205: U K R A I N E 202 trafficking; howe
Page 206 and 207: U N I T E D K I N G D O M 204 tempo
Page 208 and 209: U Z B E K I S TA N UZBEKISTAN (Tier
Page 210 and 211: V I E T N A M job service centers a
Page 212 and 213: Z A M B I A 210 months’ to three
Page 214 and 215: Z I M B A B W E cases against traff
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Page 218 and 219: S P E C I A L C A S E S Government
Page 220 and 221: S P E C I A L C A S E S The Governm
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Page 228 and 229: R E L E V A N T I N T E R N AT I O
Page 230 and 231: T R A F F I C K I N G V I C T I M S
Page 232 and 233: I n t e r n at i o n a l P e a c e
Page 234 and 235: I n t e r n at i o n a l P e a c e
Page 236 and 237: G L O S S A R Y GLOSSARY OF ACRONYM
Page 238: Hagar Foundation provides day-care
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2007 Trafficking in Persons Report - Center for Women Policy Studies

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