Introduction - Uppsala Monitoring Centre

for 120 days.
1. Two patients had ‘anaphylactic 176 reactions: fever, maculopapular
rash, nausea and vomiting, hypotension and eosinophilia (14 out
of 16).
2. One patient had acute synovitis of the interphalangeal joints.
3. Casts (cylindruria) occurred in the urine of 14 out of 17 patients.
4. Disturbed vestibular function appeared in all patients.
5. Leucopenia in two patients
6. Two patients had tinnitus and hearing impairment (Farrington et
al., 1947).
There were no histamine reactions or injection site reactions.
1947 June Deafness occurred in 7 patients out of one hundred; five of these had
intrathecal streptomycin for meningitis and the other two had doses
greater than 3 gm daily. The other factor may be renal insufficiency
(McDermott, 1947).
1947 Five patients with miliary tuberculosis. Possible renal tubular damage
in one patient (Haggenstoss et al., 1947)
1947 Pharmacology Review
1. Circulatory effects: histamine like - vaso-dilatation, fall in blood
pressure, increased secretion of gastric juice, temporary inhibition
of water diuresis, contraction of the isolated intestine and uterus,
due to impurities. In man these are manifest as headache,
nausea, reddening of the skin, and occasionally fainting spells.
2. Hepatic changes: none in man
3. Renal effects: albuminuria, haematuria, appearance of casts due
to tubular degeneration and necrosis.
4. Neurotoxic properties: vestibular and auditory disturbance
5. Others: rashes, temporary elevation of body temperature, pain in
the joints and injection site discomfort which may be due to
impurities (Moliter, 1947).
1947 July Review:
1. Histamine reactions: flushing, headache and fall in blood pressure
2. ‘Anaphylactic’ reactions
3. Disturbance of vestibular function and occasional deafness
4. Irritation of the kidney (Leader BMJ, 1947).
176 Anaphylactic = Usually refers to immediate hypersensitivity reaction in which the exposure of a sensitized
individual to a specific antigen or hapten results in urticaria, pruritus, and angioedema followed by a potentially
fatal vascular collapse, however, here it probably refers to the development of hypersensitivity induced by
exposure to a specific antigen which results, after a latent period of 1-3 weeks, in an allergic manifestation.