national multiple family submetering and allocation billing program ...

60%
Percent of Surveyed Properties Built Before 1995
Replacing 75% (or more) Fixtures
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
16.3%
9.8%
24.2%
17.0%
12.1%
12.3%
18.4%
10.6%
16.5%
11.5%
31.1%
21.2%
42.8%
10.0%
16.7%
16.7%
15.8%
10.2%
25.6%
17.4%
4.5%
4.8%
50.0%
50.0%
In-rent (or HOA) Submetered RUBS Hot-water hybrid Other Total
Toilets
Faucets
Showerheads
Washing Machines
Figure 4.12 Percent of surveyed properties built before 1995 that replaced 75% or more
fixtures since 1995
Annual water use per unit by fixture change-out in properties built before 1995 is shown
in Table 4.13. There is not a clear relationship between fixture change-out and annual water use
per unit. However, a large proportion of the property managers responding to the survey did not
know whether the fixtures had been changed out, or what percent of them had been changed out.
In addition, even when the percent that had been changed out had been reported, it wasn’t
necessarily accurate. Of the properties built before 1995, when the properties selected for the
matched pair sample were inspected during site visits, discrepancies in the proportion of lowflow
toilets and showerheads were found 30% of the time, and about 50% of the time for lowflow
faucets. (It should be noted that the site visit protocol had auditors testing actual flow from
the fixtures while the manager survey asked property owners or managers whether fixtures had
been replaced since 1995.)
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