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national multiple family submetering and allocation billing program ...

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40<br />

Difference in Annual Water Use<br />

per Unit Compared to In-Rent (kgal)<br />

30<br />

20<br />

10<br />

0<br />

-10<br />

-20<br />

-30<br />

-8.34<br />

-1.11<br />

-3.60<br />

-40<br />

Submetered<br />

N=273<br />

RUBS<br />

N=595<br />

HWH<br />

N=41<br />

Figure 5.3 Difference in average annual water use compared to in-rent properties –<br />

postcard survey respondents<br />

Manager Survey Respondents<br />

The manager survey response group was considered the best <strong>and</strong> most reliable for<br />

analysis since it was a large group with good, detailed information for the important explanatory<br />

variables. The analyses shown in this section represent the key work, from which conclusions<br />

were drawn concerning the impact of water <strong>billing</strong> system on water consumption. This survey<br />

contained descriptive information about the property that included: plumbing fixtures,<br />

water-using amenities, <strong>billing</strong> information, occupancy, <strong>and</strong> more. A copy of the manager survey<br />

is reprinted in Appendix A. The analyses of the various factors from the manager survey are<br />

presented later in this chapter.<br />

Unadjusted Comparison of Water Use of Manager Survey Respondent Properties<br />

The 2001 <strong>and</strong> 2002 annual water use per unit summary statistics for manager survey<br />

respondents are shown in Table 5.8. On average, before adjusting for any differences in property<br />

characteristics between properties employing different <strong>billing</strong> methods, the submetered units<br />

used between 4 <strong>and</strong> 5 kgal less water per year than did units in the in-rent properties. The RUBS<br />

properties used between 0.4 less <strong>and</strong> 3.3 kgal more water per year on average. The hot water<br />

136

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