STANDARD HANDBOOK OF PETROLEUM & NATURAL GAS ...

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612 Drilling and Well Completions 45 40 9 35 5 i 0 I- 8 30 0 T- u- 0 2 25 Lu CT) $ g 20 15 10 5 0 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 TOTAL CUT<strong>OF</strong>F, FEET Figure 4-86, Graphic method of determining optimum frequency of cutoff to give maximum total ton-miles for a particular rig operating under certain drilling conditions [ll]. Cutoff Length. The following factors should be considered in determining a cutoff length 1. The excess length of line that can conveniently be carried on the drum. 2. Load-pickup points from reeving diagram. 3. Drum diameter and crossover points on the drum.
Hoisting System 613 The crossover and pickup points should not repeat. This is done by avoiding cutoff lengths that are multiples of either drum circumference, or lengths between pickup points. Successful programs have been based on cutoff lengths ranging from 30 to 150 ft. Table 4-36 shows a recommended length of cutoff (number of drum laps) for each height derrick and drum diameter. Slipping Program. The number of slips between cutoffs can vary considerably depending upon drilling conditions and the length and frequency of cutoffs. Slips should be increased if the digging is rough, if jarring jobs occur, etc. Slipping that causes too much line piles up on the drum, particularly an extra layer on the drum, before cutoff should be avoided. In slipping the line, the rope should be slipped an amount such that no part of the rope will be located for a second time in a position of severe wear. The positions of severe wear are the point of crossover on the drum and the sections in contact with the traveling-block and crown-block sheaves at the pickup position. The cumulative Table 4-36 Recommended Cutoff Lengths in Terms of Drum Laps* See Paragraph Titled “Cutoff Length” [11 J 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 15 Derrick Drum Diameter. in. or Mast Height. fl 11 13 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 86 Number of Drum Laps per Cutoff 151 Up 15!+ 14% 13% 12); 119: 141 to 150 13% 12% ll!+ 11% 10% 133 (0 I40 15% 14% 12% 11X 11% 10% 9% 120 to 132 17% 15% 14% 12% 12h 11% 10’4 9!4 9% 91 to 119 19% 17); 14% 12% 11% 10% 911, 9% 8!4 73(090 15% 14% 121; 11% Uplhrouuh?? 123 11% In ode? to insure a cham Oi the 1.t Oi ctol~~u on the drum. where wear and cnuhlng am most mewre, the 1.p. to b. cut oE 8n ghen in multiplem oP“,ehdf lap or one quarter 1.p dependent upon the trp. of drnm moving. Example: Assumed conditions: a. Derrick height: 138 ft b. Wire-line size: 1V4 in. c. Type Drilling: #3 d. Drum diameter: 28 in. e. Design Factor: 3. Solution: 1. From Fig. 4-84 determine that (for a line with a design factor of 5) the first cutoff would be made after 1200 ton-miles and additional cut-offs after each successive 1000 ton-miles. 2. Since a design factor of 3 applies, Fig. 4-85 indicates that these values should be multiplied by a factor of 0.58. Hence the first cutoff should be made after 696 ton-miles and additional cutoffs after each successive 580 ton-miles. 3. From Table 4-36 determine that 11% drum laps (84 ft) should be removed at each cutoff. 4. Slip 21 ft every 174 ton-miles for four times and cut off after the fourth slip. Thereafter, slip 21 fi every 145 ton-miles and cut off on the fourth slip.
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Compressors 485 Vertical V-type W-t
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For a reciprocating piston compress
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Compressors 489 top of the vanes sl
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Compressors 491 portion of the rota
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Compressors 493 Summary of Rotary C
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References 495 Figure 3-83. Multist
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Drilling and Well Completions Frede
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- Drilling and Well Completions DER
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Derricks and Portable Masts 501 Guy
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Derricks and Portable Masts 503 c I
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~~ ~ Nominal Base Square Two I" or
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Derricks and Portable Masts 507 The
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Derricks and Portable Masts 509 c.
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Design Specifications Derricks and
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Derricks and Portable Masts 513 Whe
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Derricks and Portable Masts 515 to
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Derricks and Portable Masts 517 1.
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Derricks and Portable Masts 519 All
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Derricks and Portable Masts 541 and
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Hoisting System 543 75, 562.50 lb,
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600,000 9, Hoisting System 525 bloc
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Hoisting System 527 Power output lo
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Hoisting System 529 Transmission an
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Hoisting System 531 16. Tension mem
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Hoisting System 533 0 too 150 250 3
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Hoisting System 535 where SF, = yie
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Hoisting System 537 Table 4-6 (cont
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\-I-/ 15" 15" \-I?/ Hoisting System
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Hoisting System 541 Figure 4-16. Tr
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Hoisting System 543 loads are unexp
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Hoisting System 545 Wear and crocks
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Hoisting System 547 ,-Wear and crac
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Hoisting System 549 Weor of pins an
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Hoisting System 551 Wear and crocks
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Hoisting System 553 INSPECTION: Hea
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Table 4-9 (continued) Hoisting Syst
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Table 4-9 (continued) Hoisting Syst
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Hoisting System 559 Table 4-10 (con
Page 77 and 78: Hoisting System 561 0.145 3.68 3,32
Page 79 and 80: Hoisting System 563 0.230 0.231 0.2
Page 81 and 82: Hoisting System 565 The purchaser m
Page 83 and 84: Table 4-14 Classification Wire Rope
Page 85 and 86: Hoisting System 569 Table 4-18 6x37
Page 87 and 88: Table 4-23 6x25 “B,” 6x27 “H,
Page 89 and 90: Hoisting System 573 FIGhE4.44 FIGUR
Page 91 and 92: Hoisting System 575 (text conlznued
Page 93 and 94: Table 4-24 Wire Diameter Tolerance
Page 95 and 96: Hoisting System 579 M Figure 4-66.
Page 97 and 98: Hoisting System 581 Table 4-28 Requ
Page 99 and 100: Hoisting System 583 Table 4-30 Typi
Page 101 and 102: Hoisting System 585 Minimum Design
Page 103 and 104: y CASE "0" s-3 Drum Hoisting System
Page 105 and 106: Hoisting System 589 Figure 4-71A sh
Page 107 and 108: Hoisting System 591 a. The seizing
Page 109 and 110: Hoisting System 593 This solution i
Page 111 and 112: ~ ~~~ Hoisting System 595 Attachmen
Page 113 and 114: Hoisting System 597 Vee Side of Der
Page 115 and 116: Hoisting System 599 spooling condit
Page 117 and 118: Hoisting System 601 Grooves for san
Page 119 and 120: Hoisting System 603 WEIGHT OF FLUID
Page 121 and 122: Hoisting System 605 20 I I I 1 I I
Page 124 and 125: 608 Drilling and Well Completions B
Page 126 and 127: 610 Drilling and Well Completions S
Page 130 and 131: 614 Drilling and Well Completions n
Page 132 and 133: 616 Drilling and Well Completions W
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Page 136 and 137: 620 Drilling and Well Completions F
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Page 146 and 147: 630 Drilling and Well Completions s
Page 148 and 149: Table 4-38 Mud Pump Performance-Dup
Page 150: NAWfACNWR COWIINEWAL EYSCO(DVPLOO T
Page 154 and 155: Table 4-38 (continued) Q, w 00 5 a
Page 158 and 159: 642 Drilling and Well Completions T
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Page 162 and 163: 646 Drilling and Well Completions .
Page 164 and 165: 1."y SZ'Z# 8/1-02 01 ncf, VIE-02 0)
Page 168 and 169: 652 Drilling and Well Completions T
Page 170 and 171: 654 Drilling and Well Completions R
Page 172 and 173: 656 Drilling and Well Completions R
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Page 177 and 178: Drilling Muds and Completion Fluids
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Drilling Muds and Completion Fluids
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80 Drilling Muds and Completion Flu
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~ ~~ Drilling Muds and Completion F
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~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ Drilling Muds and Com
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Drill String: Composition and Desig
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where DF = W= Wd‘ = %= K, = r, =
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Table 4-81 Premium (Used) Drill Pip
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Table 4-83 Class 3 (Used) Drill Pip
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~ -- --- Drill String: Composition
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6.85 9.50 Table 4-86 Selection Char
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In In t- ." B v1 a" c 0 ." .3 Y 8 2
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~ . Drill String: Composition and D
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Drilling Bits and Downhole Tools 76
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~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~~~ Drilling Bi
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The bit hydraulic horsepower HP, is
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Weight on Bit and Rotary Speed for
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~ OPEN Drilling Bits and Downhole T
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DRILLING MUD HYDRAULICS Drilling Mu
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Drilling Mud Hydraulics 83 1 where
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Drilling Mud Hydraulics 833 The ave
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Drilling Mud Hydraulics 835 words,
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Drilling Mud Hydraulics 837 In the
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AP5 = [ 0.729 (2.4)(118.62) (2)(0.7
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Air and Gas Drilling 841 Air and Ga
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~ ~ ~ Air and Gas Drilling 843 Air
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Air and Gas Drilling 845 The booste
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Air and Gas Drilling 847 Drill Pipe
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Air and Gas Drilling 849 above the
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Air and Gas Drilling 851 [-a Rotati
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Air and Gas Drilling 853 drilling,
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Air and Gas Drilling 855 Table 4-10
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Air and Gas Drilling 857 Knowing th
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Air and Gas Drilling 859 From Equat
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Air and Gas Drilling 861 log,,p,,,
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Downhole Motors 863 In the late 195
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Downhole Motors 865 Figure 4-191. D
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Downhole Motors 867 Circulation Rat
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Downhole Motors 869 Stator t Figure
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Table 4-111 Turbine Motor, 6%-in. O
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HP, = 217( -) 1421 2842 Downhole Mo
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Downhole Motors 875 Similarly, the
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Downhole Motors 877 8000 pall = 458
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pal, = 3825 psi qal, = 340 gpm Down
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p, = 3236 psi Downhole Motors 881 8
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Downhole Motors 883 Flow Figure 4-2
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Downhole Motors 885 stator is made
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Downhole Motors 887 operating speed
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~~ ~ ~ Downhole Motors 889 - 9*P,a%
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Downhole Motors 891 2800 2400 2200
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Downhole Motors 893 OFF BOllOM BEAR
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Downhole Motors 895 3000 .- n v) a
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Downhole Motors 897 t? v) p,= 1382
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Downhole Motors 899 The hydraulic e
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MWD and LWD 901 successfully in man
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MWD and LWD 903 Naturally for opera
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MWD and LWD 905 MAGNETOMETER " \ Y'
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MWD and LWD 907 Coils Po Figure 4-2
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MWD and LWD 909 continuous componen
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MWD and LWD 911 The gravity tool fa
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g MWD and LWD 913 A \ DRIVE WINDING
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MWD and LWD 915 Figure 4-230. Photo
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Table 4-119 Accelerometer Output fo
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MWD and LWD 919 Also needed: Vector
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MWD and LWD 921 Using the drawing F
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MWD and LWD 923 where x = elongatio
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MWD and LWD 925 where m is the dece
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MWD and LWD 927 - Housing c Sensor
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MWD and LWD 929 Pressure Pick-up Fi
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MWD and LWD 931 The cone can be rep
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MWD and LWD 933 for measuring the d
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MWD and LWD 935 The calculation of
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MWD and LWD 937 The early system wa
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MWD and LWD 939 Retrievable Tools.
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MWD and LWD 941 where P(x) = pressu
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Demonstration, Transmit a range of
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~~~ MWD and LWD 945 2. What is the
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~ 2. S-23-E = 157" Default: 0110111
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MWD and LWD 949 Pressure (psi) 0 20
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MWD and LWD 951 x = distance in ft
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MWD and LWD 953 Solution 1. a. 6,25
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MWD and LWD 955 M - J H Figure 4-25
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MWD and LWD 957 FOIL GRID PATTERN T
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MWD and LWD 959 I I I p *:::!i I I
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MWD and LWD 961 One steel diaphragm
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MWD and LWD 963 Temperature sensor
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MWD and LWD 965 (4-200) where Rgem
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MWD and LWD 967 Gage response to ax
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MWD and LWD 969 (4-203) (4-204) Sol
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MWD and LWD 971 Hydrostatic pressur
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MWD and LWD 973 Figure 4-269. Examp
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MWD and LWD 975 Flgure 4-271. MWD f
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MWD and LWD 977 3. electromagnetic
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MWD and LWD 979 The system is simil
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MWD and LWD 981 Figure 4-276. Compa
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MWD and LWD 983 DUAL INDUCTION-LL3
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