STANDARD HANDBOOK OF PETROLEUM & NATURAL GAS ...

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810 Drilling and Well Completions 1/16 - 1/16' Undergauge 2/16 - 1/8 Undergauge y ('L 8 - No Usable Cutting BC - Broken Cone BT - Broken Teeth/Cutters BU - Balled Up CC' - Cracked Cone CD" - Cone Dragged CI - Cone Interference CR - Cored CT - Chipped Teeth/Cutters ER - Erosion FC - Flat Crested Wear HC - Heat Checking .ID -Junk Damage LC' - Lost Cone LN - Lost Nozzle LT - Lost Teeth/Cutters OC - Off-Center Wear PB - Pinched Bit PN - Plugged Nozzle/Flow Passage RG -Rounded Gauae RO - Ring Out SO -Shirttail Damage SS - Self Sharpening Wear TR -Tracking WD -Washed Out-Bi WT - Worn Teeth/Cutters NO - No MajodOther Dull Characteristics 'Show Cone Number@) Under Location. Nonsealed Bearings 0 - No Life Used 8 -All Life Used sealed Bearings E - Seals Effective F - Seals Failed X - Fixed Cutter Bits BHA - Change Bottomhole Assembly DMF - Downhole Motor Failure DSF - Drill String Failure DST - Drill Stem Test DTF - Downhole Tool Failure LOG - Run Logs RIG - Rig Repair CM - Condition Mud CP - Core Point DP - Drill Plug FM - Formation Change HP - Hole Problems HR - Hours PP - Pump Pressure PR - Penetration Rate TO -Total DepthiCsg. Depth TO -Torque TW - Twist-Off WC -Weather Conditions WO - Washout-Drill String Figure 4-165. IADC bit dull grading codes-bold bits [55]. (Courtesy SPE.) characters for fixed-cutter on roller bits. The amount of cutter wear represented by 0 through 7 is shown schematically in Figure 4-166. An 8 means there is no cutter left. This same scale is to be used for TSP and natural diamond bits, with 0 meaning no wear, 4 meaning 50% wear, and so forth. The first two spaces of the dull grading format are used for the inner twothirds of the bit radius and the outer one-third of the bit radius, as shown
Drilling Bits and Downhole Tools 811 INNER AREA OUTER AREA 213 RADIUS 1/3 RADIUS Figure 4-166. Schematics of cutters wear [55]. (Courtesy SPE.) schematically in Figure 4-166. When grading a dull bit, the average amount of wear in each area should be recorded. For example, in Figure 4-166 the five cutters in the inner area would be graded a 2. This is calculated by averaging the grades of the individual cutters in the inner area as follows: (4+3+2+1+0)/5=2. Similarly, the grade of the outer area would be a 6. On an actual bit the same procedure would be used. Note that for a core bit, the centerline in Figure 4-166 would be the core bit ID. The third space is used to describe the primary dull characteristic of the worn bit, i.e., the obvious physical change from its new condition. The dull characteristics which apply to fixed cutter bits are listed in Figure 4-165. The location of the primary dull characteristic is described in the fourth space. There are six choices: cone, nose, taper, shoulder, gauge, and all areas. Figure 4-167 shows four possible fixed cutter bit profiles with the different areas labeled. It is recognized that there are profiles for which the exact boundaries between areas are debatable and for which certain areas may not even exist. Notice that in the bottom profile there is no taper area shown. However, using Figure 4-167 as a guide, it should be possible to clearly define the different areas on most profiles. The fifth space will always be an “X” for fixed cutter bits, since there are no bearings. This space can be used to distinguish dull grades for fixed cutter bits from dull grades for roller bits. The measure of the bit gauge is recorded in the sixth space. If the bit is still in gauge, an “I” is used. Otherwise, the amount the bit is undergauge is noted to the nearest + of an inch. The seventh space is for the secondary dull characteristic of the bit, using the same list of codes as was used for the primary dull characteristic. The reason
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Compressors 485 Vertical V-type W-t
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For a reciprocating piston compress
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Compressors 489 top of the vanes sl
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Compressors 491 portion of the rota
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Compressors 493 Summary of Rotary C
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References 495 Figure 3-83. Multist
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Drilling and Well Completions Frede
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- Drilling and Well Completions DER
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Derricks and Portable Masts 501 Guy
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Derricks and Portable Masts 503 c I
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~~ ~ Nominal Base Square Two I" or
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Derricks and Portable Masts 507 The
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Derricks and Portable Masts 509 c.
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Design Specifications Derricks and
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Derricks and Portable Masts 513 Whe
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Derricks and Portable Masts 515 to
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Derricks and Portable Masts 517 1.
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Derricks and Portable Masts 519 All
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Derricks and Portable Masts 541 and
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Hoisting System 543 75, 562.50 lb,
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600,000 9, Hoisting System 525 bloc
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Hoisting System 527 Power output lo
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Hoisting System 529 Transmission an
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Hoisting System 531 16. Tension mem
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Hoisting System 533 0 too 150 250 3
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Hoisting System 535 where SF, = yie
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Hoisting System 537 Table 4-6 (cont
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\-I-/ 15" 15" \-I?/ Hoisting System
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Hoisting System 541 Figure 4-16. Tr
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Hoisting System 543 loads are unexp
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Hoisting System 545 Wear and crocks
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Hoisting System 547 ,-Wear and crac
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Hoisting System 549 Weor of pins an
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Hoisting System 551 Wear and crocks
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Hoisting System 553 INSPECTION: Hea
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Table 4-9 (continued) Hoisting Syst
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Table 4-9 (continued) Hoisting Syst
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Hoisting System 559 Table 4-10 (con
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Hoisting System 561 0.145 3.68 3,32
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Hoisting System 563 0.230 0.231 0.2
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Hoisting System 565 The purchaser m
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Table 4-14 Classification Wire Rope
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Hoisting System 569 Table 4-18 6x37
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Table 4-23 6x25 “B,” 6x27 “H,
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Hoisting System 573 FIGhE4.44 FIGUR
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Hoisting System 575 (text conlznued
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Table 4-24 Wire Diameter Tolerance
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Hoisting System 579 M Figure 4-66.
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Hoisting System 581 Table 4-28 Requ
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Hoisting System 583 Table 4-30 Typi
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Hoisting System 585 Minimum Design
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y CASE "0" s-3 Drum Hoisting System
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Hoisting System 589 Figure 4-71A sh
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Hoisting System 591 a. The seizing
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Hoisting System 593 This solution i
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~ ~~~ Hoisting System 595 Attachmen
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Hoisting System 597 Vee Side of Der
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Hoisting System 599 spooling condit
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Hoisting System 601 Grooves for san
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Hoisting System 603 WEIGHT OF FLUID
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Hoisting System 605 20 I I I 1 I I
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608 Drilling and Well Completions B
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610 Drilling and Well Completions S
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612 Drilling and Well Completions 4
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614 Drilling and Well Completions n
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616 Drilling and Well Completions W
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618 Drilling and Well Completions S
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620 Drilling and Well Completions F
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622 Drilling and Well Completions -
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626 Drilling and Well Completions 1
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630 Drilling and Well Completions s
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Table 4-38 Mud Pump Performance-Dup
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NAWfACNWR COWIINEWAL EYSCO(DVPLOO T
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Table 4-38 (continued) Q, w 00 5 a
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642 Drilling and Well Completions T
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644 Drilling and Well Completions (
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646 Drilling and Well Completions .
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1."y SZ'Z# 8/1-02 01 ncf, VIE-02 0)
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652 Drilling and Well Completions T
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654 Drilling and Well Completions R
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656 Drilling and Well Completions R
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Drilling Muds and Completion Fluids
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80 Drilling Muds and Completion Flu
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~ ~~ Drilling Muds and Completion F
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~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ Drilling Muds and Com
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Drill String: Composition and Desig
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where DF = W= Wd‘ = %= K, = r, =
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Table 4-81 Premium (Used) Drill Pip
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Table 4-83 Class 3 (Used) Drill Pip
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~ -- --- Drill String: Composition
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6.85 9.50 Table 4-86 Selection Char
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In In t- ." B v1 a" c 0 ." .3 Y 8 2
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Page 275 and 276: ~ . Drill String: Composition and D
Page 277 and 278: Drill String: Composition and Desig
Page 285 and 286: Drilling Bits and Downhole Tools 76
Page 287 and 288: ~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~~~ Drilling Bi
Page 303 and 304: The bit hydraulic horsepower HP, is
Page 311 and 312: Weight on Bit and Rotary Speed for
Page 321 and 322: ~ OPEN Drilling Bits and Downhole T
Page 325: Drilling Bits and Downhole Tools 80
Page 345 and 346: DRILLING MUD HYDRAULICS Drilling Mu
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Page 349 and 350: Drilling Mud Hydraulics 833 The ave
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Page 353 and 354: Drilling Mud Hydraulics 837 In the
Page 355 and 356: AP5 = [ 0.729 (2.4)(118.62) (2)(0.7
Page 357 and 358: Air and Gas Drilling 841 Air and Ga
Page 359 and 360: ~ ~ ~ Air and Gas Drilling 843 Air
Page 361 and 362: Air and Gas Drilling 845 The booste
Page 363 and 364: Air and Gas Drilling 847 Drill Pipe
Page 365 and 366: Air and Gas Drilling 849 above the
Page 367 and 368: Air and Gas Drilling 851 [-a Rotati
Page 369 and 370: Air and Gas Drilling 853 drilling,
Page 371 and 372: Air and Gas Drilling 855 Table 4-10
Page 373 and 374: Air and Gas Drilling 857 Knowing th
Page 375 and 376: Air and Gas Drilling 859 From Equat
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Air and Gas Drilling 861 log,,p,,,
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Downhole Motors 863 In the late 195
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Downhole Motors 865 Figure 4-191. D
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Downhole Motors 867 Circulation Rat
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Downhole Motors 869 Stator t Figure
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Table 4-111 Turbine Motor, 6%-in. O
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HP, = 217( -) 1421 2842 Downhole Mo
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Downhole Motors 875 Similarly, the
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Downhole Motors 877 8000 pall = 458
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pal, = 3825 psi qal, = 340 gpm Down
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p, = 3236 psi Downhole Motors 881 8
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Downhole Motors 883 Flow Figure 4-2
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Downhole Motors 885 stator is made
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Downhole Motors 887 operating speed
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~~ ~ ~ Downhole Motors 889 - 9*P,a%
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Downhole Motors 891 2800 2400 2200
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Downhole Motors 893 OFF BOllOM BEAR
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Downhole Motors 895 3000 .- n v) a
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Downhole Motors 897 t? v) p,= 1382
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Downhole Motors 899 The hydraulic e
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MWD and LWD 901 successfully in man
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MWD and LWD 903 Naturally for opera
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MWD and LWD 905 MAGNETOMETER " \ Y'
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MWD and LWD 907 Coils Po Figure 4-2
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MWD and LWD 909 continuous componen
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MWD and LWD 911 The gravity tool fa
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g MWD and LWD 913 A \ DRIVE WINDING
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MWD and LWD 915 Figure 4-230. Photo
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Table 4-119 Accelerometer Output fo
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MWD and LWD 919 Also needed: Vector
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MWD and LWD 921 Using the drawing F
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MWD and LWD 923 where x = elongatio
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MWD and LWD 925 where m is the dece
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MWD and LWD 927 - Housing c Sensor
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MWD and LWD 929 Pressure Pick-up Fi
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MWD and LWD 931 The cone can be rep
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MWD and LWD 933 for measuring the d
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MWD and LWD 935 The calculation of
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MWD and LWD 937 The early system wa
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MWD and LWD 939 Retrievable Tools.
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MWD and LWD 941 where P(x) = pressu
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Demonstration, Transmit a range of
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~~~ MWD and LWD 945 2. What is the
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~ 2. S-23-E = 157" Default: 0110111
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MWD and LWD 949 Pressure (psi) 0 20
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MWD and LWD 951 x = distance in ft
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MWD and LWD 953 Solution 1. a. 6,25
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MWD and LWD 955 M - J H Figure 4-25
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MWD and LWD 957 FOIL GRID PATTERN T
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MWD and LWD 959 I I I p *:::!i I I
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MWD and LWD 961 One steel diaphragm
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MWD and LWD 963 Temperature sensor
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MWD and LWD 965 (4-200) where Rgem
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MWD and LWD 967 Gage response to ax
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MWD and LWD 969 (4-203) (4-204) Sol
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MWD and LWD 971 Hydrostatic pressur
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MWD and LWD 973 Figure 4-269. Examp
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MWD and LWD 975 Flgure 4-271. MWD f
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MWD and LWD 977 3. electromagnetic
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MWD and LWD 979 The system is simil
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MWD and LWD 981 Figure 4-276. Compa
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MWD and LWD 983 DUAL INDUCTION-LL3
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