STANDARD HANDBOOK OF PETROLEUM & NATURAL GAS ...

686 Drilling and Well Completions
Table 4-53
Low-Toxicity “Generic” Drilling Fluids [32A]
PotassiumlPolymer Mud
KC I
Starch
Cellulose polymer
XC polymer
Drilled, solids
Caustic
Barite
Seawater or freshwater
SeawaterlLignosulfate Mud
Attapulgite or bentonite
Lignosulfonate
Lignite
Caustic
Barite
Drilled solids
Soda ashlsodium bicarbonate
Cellulose polymer
Seawater
Lime Mud
Lime
Bentonite
Lignosulfonate
Lignite
Barite
Caustic
Drilled Solids
Soda ash/sodium bicarbonate
Freshwater or seawater
5 to 50
2 to 12
0.25 to 5
0.25 to 2
20 to 100
0.5 to 3
0 to 450
as needed
10 to 50
2 to 15
1 to10
1 to5
25 to 450
20 to 100
0 to 2
0.25 to 5
as needed
2 to 20
10 to 50
2 to 15
0 to 10
25 to 180
1 to 5
20 to 100
0 to 2
as needed
5. Spud Mud (Slugged Intermittently
with Seawater)
Attapulgite or bentonite 10 to 50
Lime 0.5 to 1
Soda ashisodium bicarbonate 0 to 2
Caustic 0 to 2
Barite 0 to 50
Seawater
as needed
6. SeawateriFreshwater Gel Mud
Attapulgite or bentonite 10 to 50
Caustic 0.5 to 3
Cellulose polymer 0 to 2
Drilled solids 20 to 100
Barite 0 to 50
Soda ashisodium bicarbonate 0 to 2
Lime 0 to 2
Seawater or freshwater as needed
7. Lightly Treated Lignosulfonate
FreshwaterISeawater Mud
Bentonite 10 to 50
Barite 0 to 180
Caustic 1 to 3
Lignosulfonate 2 to 6
Lignite 0 to 4
Cellulose polymer 0 to 2
Drilled solids 20 to 100
Soda asWsodium bicarbonate
Lime
0 to 2
0 to
Seawater to freshwater ratio =1:1
Nondispersed Mud
Bentonite
5to15
Acrylic polymer 0.5 to 2
Barite 25 to 180
Drilled solids 20 to 70
Freshwater or seawater as needed
Courtesy SPE
8. Lignosulfonate Freshwater Mud
Bentonite 10 to 50
Barite 0 to 450
Caustic 2 to 5
Lignosulfonate 4 to 15
Lignite
2to10
Drilled solids 20 to 100
Cellulose polymer 0 to 2
Soda ashlsodium bicarbonate 0 to 2
Lime 0 to 2
Freshwater
as needed