Sau Sakhi - Global Sikh Studies

nkfJnk s/ fJe bZy Bed b e w[fVnk . ;"thA ;kyh ftu fJ;/ dk
f˜eo j L
izp{ G{gfs pKXk bkj"o . ;'Jh S[vktk BD/ G'o .
fJ;/ ;w/A nfjwdÙkj npdkbh jwbkto nk j'fJnk, w[V T[j
oDihs d/T[ B{z ed eo e/ bkj"o b frnk . fJ; w"e/ osB d/T[ Bkwh
fJe ¯"idko B/ oDihs d/T[ d/ S'N/ GkJh xBk d/T[ B{z rZdh fpmk
fdZsk, fJj ikD e/ npdkbh pj[s n"yk j'fJnk . T[; Bhsh tos e/
oDihs d/T[ B{z w[V nkgD/ tb'A fıbns d/ e/ izw{ dh rZdh T[s/
fpmkfJnk s/ T[;dk t˜ho Ùkj tbh ıK, fszB bZy B˜okBk b e/
frnk, j[D osB d/T[ oDihs d/T[ dk ;Bkgsh pD frnk s/ fJj okik
;z;ko uzd d/ dkdk okik eow uzd eN'uhJ/ T[s/ ik jwbkto j'fJnk,
eN'uhJ/ jko rJ/ .
B{og[o oki nkfrnk dhBh . ;p eN'uB wkoB uhBh .
bJh T[mkfJ poSh r[o dks . ;B eN'uh ubh w[jks . (;kyh
100)
fJ; ;w/A izw{ d/ bkr/-ukr Gzrh ;odko seV/ j' oj/ ;B s/ T[j
th oDihs d/T[ s'A B˜okBk b iKd/ ;B .
aaaaaaizpe Bro G{g fJe j'Jh . w/o/ f;Zy ;wkb ;'Jh .36.
dkw d/; b/tfjAr/ ;ro/ . gops wk fj ykb;k wro/ .aa.37. (;kyh 82)
eJh frnkBh T[go'es ;soK dk ;zpzX okik r[bkp f;zx Bkb
i'Vd/ jB, i' eÙwho dk fJZemk ehsk wkwbk bkj"o dopko B{z BjhA ;h
G/i fojk s/ nkıo f;Zy ¯"iK T[;B{z ed eo e/ bkj"o fbnkJhnK ;B .
go ;kv/ fınkb ftu fJj jtkb/ okik oDihs d/T[ Bkb tX/o/ Y[ed/
jB s/ T[;/ dk ¯"idko osB d/T[ ;h . v'rfonK dk fJj ;kyh xV e/
gkT[D dk wB'oE fJsBk jh ;h fe f;ZyK B{z fJj df;nk ikt/ fe ;kv/
tZv/, r[o{ xo'A to';kJ/ j'J/ ;B,.
(9) B"thA ;kyh ftu ;zrs f;zx dk f˜eo j . f;Zy fw;bK d/
˜wkB/ fJe ;zrs f;zx wD d[nkp dk w'joh ;odko ;h, fi; dh
okiXkBh nzpkbk ;h . d{ik okik ;zrs f;zx 1810-1834 JhL csfj