Diseases and Management of Crops under Protected Cultivation
Diseases and Management of Crops under Protected Cultivation
Diseases and Management of Crops under Protected Cultivation
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(<strong>Diseases</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Management</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Crops</strong> <strong>under</strong> <strong>Protected</strong> <strong>Cultivation</strong>)<br />
A. Large Flowered (Exhibits):<br />
White colour: Snow Ball, Kasturba G<strong>and</strong>hi, Beauty <strong>and</strong> Innocence<br />
Yellow colour: Ch<strong>and</strong>rama, Sonar Bangla, Super Giant <strong>and</strong> Evening Star.<br />
Mauve colour: Mahatma G<strong>and</strong>hi, Peacock, Raja <strong>and</strong> Pink Giant.<br />
Red colour: Diamond Jubilee, Alfred Wilson <strong>and</strong> Distinction.<br />
B. Small- Flowered (Cut flowers):<br />
White colour: Birbal Sahni, Apsara, Himani <strong>and</strong> Baggi<br />
Yellow colour: Nanako, Jayanti <strong>and</strong> Kundan.<br />
Mauve colour: Sharad Prabha, Nilima <strong>and</strong> Ajay.<br />
Red colour: Jaya, Flirt <strong>and</strong> Jubilee.<br />
C. Small- Flowered (Pot culture):<br />
White colour: Sharad Shoba, Shweta Singar, Jyotsana <strong>and</strong> Niharika<br />
Yellow colour: Indira, Archana, Sonali Tara <strong>and</strong> Sharad Kanti.<br />
Mauve colour: Sharad Prabha, Mohini, Hemant Sagar <strong>and</strong> Fantasy.<br />
Red colour: Rakhee, Gem, Jaya, Flirt, Arun Singar <strong>and</strong> Suhag Singar.<br />
Time <strong>of</strong> planting: Terminal cuttings <strong>of</strong> stock plants are taken in June <strong>and</strong> they are transplanted<br />
after rooting in 15 cm pots at the end <strong>of</strong> July. These plants are ready for pinching during end <strong>of</strong><br />
August or beginning <strong>of</strong> September.<br />
Spacing: 30 x 30 cm (plant to plant <strong>and</strong> row to row)<br />
Nutrient <strong>Management</strong>: As the crop responds well to manuring, add 20-30 tonnes <strong>of</strong> well rotten<br />
FYM per hectare. Apply 125 kg <strong>of</strong> Nitrogen, 400 kg P 2 O 5 <strong>and</strong> 200 kg K 2 O per hectare is<br />
recommended.<br />
Irrigation/Water <strong>Management</strong>: The frequency <strong>of</strong> irrigation depends on the stage <strong>of</strong> growth, soil<br />
<strong>and</strong> weather conditions. Proper drainage system should be maintained for chrysanthemum grown<br />
both in beds <strong>and</strong> in pots. The height <strong>and</strong> vigour <strong>of</strong> the chrysanthemum plant can be influenced by<br />
regulating quantity <strong>and</strong> frequency <strong>of</strong> irrigation.<br />
Weed <strong>Management</strong>: Weeds should be avoided in the greenhouse as well as fields. Frequent<br />
shallow cultivation should be done to conserve moisture <strong>and</strong> control weeds. In greenhouse grown<br />
chrysanthemums, weeds can be controlled with Tenoran (Chloroxeron) @ 300g + Dachthal<br />
(Chlorathal di-methyl) 900 g/1000 m 2 applied 1-2 days before planting <strong>of</strong> the rooted cuttings.<br />
Important horticultural practices<br />
1. Pinching: S<strong>of</strong>t vegetative shoot tips <strong>of</strong> 1.5-3.0 cm long size are removed to encourage the side<br />
branches with more number <strong>of</strong> blooms.<br />
S<strong>of</strong>t Pinching: It is most commonly practiced because bud remaining on the stem break rapidly, it<br />
involves removal <strong>of</strong> tip <strong>of</strong> shoot along with 2-3 open leaves.<br />
Hard Pinching: It is used to reduce plant size specially in pots, but bud do not break as rapidly as<br />
s<strong>of</strong>t pinch.<br />
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