Diseases and Management of Crops under Protected Cultivation

(Diseases and Management of Crops under Protected Cultivation)
buried at 15 cm depth did not germinate and rotted.
‣ Discoloured grains of various types were grouped according to their symptoms. The fungi
responsible for each type of symptoms were identified. Ash grey discolouration of glumes
separated by dark brown band was caused by Alternaria alternata and Nigrospora oryzae.
Spots with dark brown margin and ash grey centre by Curvularia lunata and Alternaria
alternata, light yellow to light brown spots by C. pallescens, Fusarium equiseti and N. oryzae,
Brown to black dot by Phyllosticta oryzae Dark brown to black spot and specks by Drechslera
victoriae, D. rostratum and D. oryzae, light to dark brown glumes by Sarocladium oryzae and
D. oryzae, and light to dark brown spots by D. Australiense.
‣ Rice varieties Manhar, Narendra 80, Saket 7, Ajaya, Bansmati, 385 showed higher incidence
(34.1 to 41.8%) whereas Sarju 52, UPR 1561-6-3, Pusa 44, Jaya, Pant Dhan 10 and improved
Sharbati exhibited lower (18.4-22.3%) incidence of seed discolouration. Bipolaris oyzae
caused highest seed discolouration which is followed by Fusarium moniliforme, curvularia
lunata and Fusarium graminium in all the test varieties.
‣ On the basis of the symptoms pattern and transmissibility of the pathogen through grafting and
eriophyied mite (Aceria cajani), presence of foreign ribonucleic protein and nuclear inclusion
like bodies in the phloem cell indicated the viral (RNA virus) nature of the pathogen of sterility
mosaic of pigeon pea. The vector mite of the pathogen was found on lower surface of leaves
of Canavis sativus and Oxalis circulata weeds in this area. Mild mosaic, ring spot and severe
mosaic symptoms were observed in different as well as same cultivar. This observation reveals
the presence of variation in the pathogen.
‣ Germplasm lines/ cultivars screened viz; ICP 14290, ICP 92059,ICP 8093, KPBR 80-2-2, PL
366, ICPL 371, Bahar, NP (WR) 15.were found resistan against Phytophthora stem blight.
‣ Some resistant donors for mungbean yellow mosaic virus have been identified i.e. UPU-
1,UPU-2,UPU-3, UG-370, PDU-104, NDU-88-8, UG-737, and UG-774. The varieties thus
evolved include PU-19, PU- 30, and PU-35., Manikya, resistant lines/cultivars identified: ML-
62, ML-65, Pant M-4, Pant M-5, ML-131, NDM 88-14, ML-682, PDM-27, ML- 15, ML-803, ML-
682 and 11/ 395 and for Urdbean leaf crinkle virus, SHU 9504, -9513,-9515, -9516, -9520, -
9522, -9528, KU 96-1, UG 737 and TPU-4.
‣ Seed treatment with carbendazim (0.1%) followed by two prophylactic sprays of carbendazim
(0, 05%) or Dithane M-45 @ 0.25% was found most effective in reducing disease severity of
anthracnose disease. In early sown crop high disease severity was observed while in late
sown crop low disease severity was recorded. Inter cropping with cereals or pulses have no
effect on anthracnose severity.
‣ Propiconazol 0.1%, carbendazim 0.1%, hexaconazol 0.1%, mancozeb 0.25% sprayed plots
have low disease severity and high grain yield against Cercospora leaf spot.
‣ Studies on integrated management of wilt/root rot/collar rot showed that Seed treatment with
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