Diseases and Management of Crops under Protected Cultivation
Diseases and Management of Crops under Protected Cultivation
Diseases and Management of Crops under Protected Cultivation
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(<strong>Diseases</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Management</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Crops</strong> <strong>under</strong> <strong>Protected</strong> <strong>Cultivation</strong>)<br />
Advantages <strong>of</strong> vegetable production in poly houses in hills:<br />
• Raising <strong>of</strong> vegetable nursery earlier <strong>and</strong> advancing the availability is also possible by<br />
use <strong>of</strong> polyhouse.<br />
• <strong>Cultivation</strong> <strong>of</strong> vegetables /cut flowers during winter months at subzero temperature<br />
when it is not possible to grow them in open field conditions.<br />
• Polyhouse cultivation is ideally suited for hill farmers having small <strong>and</strong> scattered l<strong>and</strong><br />
holdings.<br />
• Productivity per unit area <strong>and</strong> the time can be increased by adopting suitable crop<br />
sequences.<br />
• Polyhouse conserves the moisture. Hence frequencies <strong>of</strong> watering to plants get<br />
reduced.<br />
• Farmers can advance/delayed <strong>and</strong> segregated production <strong>of</strong> vegetables as per market<br />
dem<strong>and</strong>s.<br />
• The yield may be 5-6 times higher than open cultivation depending upon the type <strong>of</strong><br />
poly house <strong>and</strong> type <strong>of</strong> crop, environmental control facilities.<br />
• <strong>Cultivation</strong> <strong>of</strong> vegetables <strong>under</strong> poly house by farmers provide safeguard against<br />
adverse weather <strong>and</strong> enhance life spawn <strong>of</strong> the crops.<br />
• Better quality produce than open cultivation.<br />
• Insect-pest <strong>and</strong> weed managements are easier in polyhouse than open field.<br />
Table 3: <strong>Management</strong> <strong>of</strong> Insect-pest/diseases in protected cultivation<br />
S.<br />
No<br />
Major<br />
Insect-pest<br />
Crop<br />
affected<br />
1 Cutworm Nursery <strong>of</strong><br />
(Agrotis spp.) tomato &<br />
capsicum<br />
2 Aphid Tomato,<br />
capsicum,<br />
cucumber,<br />
cole crops<br />
3 White fly<br />
(Bemisia<br />
tabaci)<br />
4 Cabbage<br />
butterfly<br />
(Pieris<br />
brassicae)<br />
Capsicum,<br />
chillies,<br />
cabbage,<br />
cucumber<br />
Symptoms<br />
Larvae cut young plants at<br />
ground level<br />
Nymph & adult suck the sap from<br />
the plants. They cause stunted<br />
growth with curled, twisted leaves<br />
& deformed fruits. They also<br />
secrete honey dew which allows<br />
the growth <strong>of</strong> black sooty moulds.<br />
Nymphs <strong>and</strong> adults suck the sap<br />
from leave <strong>and</strong> vitality <strong>of</strong> the plant<br />
is lower through the loss <strong>of</strong> cell<br />
sap. They also secrete honey<br />
dew which attracts fungus (sooty<br />
mould in capsicum). The insect<br />
transmit various virus diseases in<br />
tomato, capsicum & cucurbits<br />
Cole crops The 1 st instar larvae just scrape<br />
the leaf surface, whereas the<br />
subsequent instars eat up the<br />
leaves from margin inwards,<br />
leaving intact the main veins<br />
<strong>Management</strong><br />
Spray the crops with<br />
chlorpyriphos20 Ec<br />
(2ml/l)<br />
Neem oil (5ml/l),<br />
Imidaclorpid 17.8SL<br />
(0.4ml/l), Quinalphos 25<br />
Ec (2ml/l)<br />
Imidaclorpid 17.8SL<br />
(0.4ml/l), Quinalphos 25<br />
Ec (2ml/l)<br />
Quinalphos 25 Ec (2ml/l)<br />
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