#Status of Coral Reefs 2002 - International Coral Reef Action Network

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Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2002 This regional report summarises a large amount of data on reef status in the 5 countries, with a focus on MPAs. The complete National and Regional reports will be available from the authors and on www.reefbase.org. A major emphasis is on using pertinent bioindicators (corals, fish) to assess the consequences of exceptional events like the massive El Niño coral bleaching of 1998, and cyclones. These data are being provided to decisionmakers to improve resource management in the region and provide early warning of coral reef degradation. The Node is also linking with, and reporting on, other programs in the countries. Most importantly, the Node activities have improved understanding of coral reefs and catalysed a network of people, institutes and government agencies that are cooperating to conserve the reefs in this region. REVIEWER David Obura, CORDIO-East Africa, Mombasa, Kenya; ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Node and authors wish to thank the following: Ministry of Environment (Mr Joseph François) and Mr R. Aumeeruddy of the Seychelles; Direction Générale de l’Environnement (Mr Y Ahamadi, Mme F. Abdalla) in the Comoros; Direction Générale de l’Environnement (Mr G. Refeno) in Madagascar; Ministry of Environment DIREN (Mrs A. Lieutaud), and ECOMAR (Mme P. Chabanet) on Reunion; Mauritius Oceanography Institute (Mrs R. Moothien Pillay), Albion Fisheries Research Center (AFRC), Shoals Rodrigues, and Min. Environment – ICZM Cell (Mr Molloo) for Mauritius and Rodrigues; and Agence pour la Recherche et la Valorisation Marine (Mr JP Quod for regional coordination). AUTHORS CONTACTS Western Indian Ocean Regional Node Coordinator, Lionel Bigot: lbigot.arvam@wanadoo.fr; General Secretariat, Indian Ocean Commission, Didier Slachmuylders: didierslach@coi.intnet.mu. Nodes: Reunion technical focal point, Moine Picard, parcmarinreunion@wanadoo.fr; Comoros focal point, Said Ahamada, aide_km@yahoo.fr; Madagascar focal point, Jean Maharavo, emad@dts.mg; Mauritius focal point, Naidoo Paupiah, Fish@intnet.mu; Rodrigues focal point, Sabrina Meunier, shoals.rod@intnet.mu; Seychelles focal point, Jude Bijoux, jbijoux2000@yahoo.co.uk. SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS Regional report COI 2002 and 1999/2000 – General Secretariat, Indian Ocean Commission, Av Sir Guy Forget, 4 Bornes, Mauritius. National reports 2002 can be obtained on www.reefbase.org or from: Comoros (AIDE or DGE, BP 1292, Moroni, Rep des Comores); Madagascar (DRA/GIZC-CNRE, BP3911, Fiadanana, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar); Seychelles (MPA, Baie Ternay, Mahe, Rep des Seychelles); Reunion (DIREN, Rue de Paris, 97400 St Denis, La Réunion, France); Mauritius and Rodrigues (AFRC- ICZM Unit, Ministry of Environment, Port Louis, Mauritius and MOI (Rodrigues), (4th Floor France center, Victoria Avenue, 4 Bornes, Mauritius). 94
Status of Coral Reefs in the South West Indian Ocean Island Node ICRAN ST. ANNE MARINE PARK, SEYCHELLES – ICRAN DEMONSTRATION SITE St. Anne National Marine Park is 5km east of Mahé, the capital island of the Seychelles, and contains 3 important marine habitats: coral reefs (both sheltered and exposed fringing reefs); extensive seagrass beds; and sand flats. The islands in the group are also important turtle nesting sites. Tourism is putting enormous pressure on the marine park with more than 20,000 tourists visiting per year. About one-third of visitors to the Seychelles tour the marine park. Major threats to the system come from coastal reclamation, port activities, oil pollution, sewage discharge (new treatment plant in operation in 2001), coastal development (a resort is opening within the marine park in late 2002), garbage, marine debris, and fish wastes also threaten the ecology of the park. The Marine National Park was designated in March 1973 and a management plan was prepared in 1995. The purpose of the St. Anne Marine Park is to conserve the resources and protect coral reefs and other marine habitats from harmful disturbances and to manage the uses of the park. The park has 3 different zones: • Underwater Diving Zones (areas to be used by glass bottom boats and for snorkeling); • Protected Zones (areas with reefs, seagrasses, turtle nesting beaches); and • General Use Zones (for picnics, boating, swimming and other soft leisure activities). There are improvements being made in the management of St. Ann Marine Park. Existing legislation is being updated to improve enforcement effectiveness and there are plans to revise the current management plan to involve a wide stakeholder consultation process. Problems that need to be addressed include clarification of zone boundaries and augmentation of both financial and human resources. Ecological Monitoring: Coral reef monitoring is carried out twice a year. There is also monitoring of turtle nesting (turtle and track counts, size measurements). A beach monitoring program is planned to begin at the end of 2002 and a seagrass monitoring program is targeted to start at the beginning of 2003. There is also a record of marine mammals spotted on patrols. Socio-economic Monitoring: There is little socio-economic monitoring, however, the number of foreign tourists visiting the park is well known because they pay a park entry fee. A mooring fee also gives an indication of boats using the park. A questionnaire was administered to the general public, stakeholders, environmental professionals and tourists regarding perception of park management. Monitoring Effectiveness: Monitoring in St. Anne has just started, so there is insufficient information to guide management planning, however available data are taken into account. Coral reefs are over 50% of the natural resources. Ecological Monitoring is effective. Socio-economic Monitoring is occasional. 95
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FOREWORD Our two governments have r
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CONTENTS Countries, States and Terr
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COUNTRIES, STATES AND TERRITORIES A
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Countries, States and Territories S
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INTRODUCTION We are pleased to endo
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Introduction Some of the larger fou
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Introduction Coral reefs are coming
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CLIVE WILKINSON A
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Executive Summary This report, howe
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Executive Summary GLOBAL AND REGION
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Executive Summary There is clear ev
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Executive Summary Key sites chosen
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Executive Summary • Europa and Sc
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Executive Summary CORAL REEF TARGET
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Executive Summary ICRI OPERATING UN
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Executive Summary COLLAPSE OF CORAL
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Executive Summary Prognosis for the
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Executive Summary concern is an out
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Executive Summary Southern Tropical
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Executive Summary Achievements in E
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Status of Southeast Asia Coral Reef
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8. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN EAST AN
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Status of Coral Reefs in East and N
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9. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF AUSTRAL
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Status of Coral Reefs of Australasi
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10. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE SO
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Southw
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12. STATUS OF THE CORAL REEFS IN MI
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Status of the Coral Reefs in Micron
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13. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE HA
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Hawaii
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14. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE U.
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Status of Coral Reefs in the US Car
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15. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE NO
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16. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF MESOAM
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Status of Coral Reefs of Mesoameric
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17. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE EA
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Easter
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18. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN SOUTHE
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Status of Coral Reefs in Southern T
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19. SPONSORING ORGANISATIONS, CORAL
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Sponsoring Organisations, Coral Ree
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#Status of Coral Reefs 2002 - International Coral Reef Action Network

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