#Status of Coral Reefs 2002 - International Coral Reef Action Network

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Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2002 economic assessments, develop regional action plans for no-take reserves, and monitor coral reef ecosystems. Another project establishes standardised socio-economic monitoring protocols for coral reef managers in the Caribbean and Southeast Asia. Others focus on improving effectiveness of existing and proposed international marine preserves. The following is a partial list of major accomplishments from 2000 - 2002 that contributed to reducing international threats to coral reef ecosystems. • Promoted sound coral reef conservation and policy issues in various international and regional fora including the International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI), Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora (CITES), Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), Ramsar, and the 9th International Coral Reef Symposium; • Worked with the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to create a provision for nations to establish international no-anchoring areas under IMO authorities, and designated 6 US areas in National Marine Sanctuaries as IMO no-anchoring areas; • Proposed universal coral and sensitive area symbols to the International Hydrographic Organization to more easily identify these areas on navigational charts. • Improved international capacity for sustainable management and conservation in 25 countries within the Wider Caribbean, Central America, Southeast Asia, South Pacific, East Africa and Middle East regions; • Strengthened efforts to reduce coastal pollution in at least 20 countries; • Initiated the ‘Ridge to Reef’ project in Jamaica, which integrates land-based management practices for agriculture, forestry and urban planning with coastal activities, such as improving coastal water quality to protect the reefs; • Held two international workshops to develop effectiveness guidelines for marine protected areas; • Strengthened site-based and park management, including education and enforcement, in 15 parks of national and international importance; • Promoted and supported the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network and the publication of Status of Coral Reef of the World: 2000 and 2002 reports, and the Socioeconomic Manual for Coral Reef Managers; • Continued providing data on sea surface temperatures and forecasting/tracking coral bleaching events worldwide through the Coral Watch Program (NOAA and partners); • Established US-Australia bilateral partnership to develop improved tools for remote sensing of coral reef bleaching and other conditions; • Addressed destructive fishing practices and adverse impacts of international trade in coral reef species through the East Asia and Pacific Environmental Initiative. • Promoted the adoption of the APEC Destructive Fishing Resolution to address destructive fishing practices associated with the live reef fish trades. Many of these activities are coordinated or assisted through the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. Contact: Roger Griffis; Roger.B.Griffis@noaa.gov; www.coralreef.noaa.gov. 250
14. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE U.S. CARIBBEAN AND GULF OF MEXICO: FLORIDA, TEXAS, PUERTO RICO, US VIRGIN ISLANDS, NAVASSA BILLY CAUSEY, JOANNE DELANEY, ERNESTO DIAZ, DICK DODGE, JORGE GARCIA, JAMIE HIGGINS, BRIAN KELLER, RUTH KELTY, WALTER JAAP, CRUZ MATOS, GEORGE SCHMAHL, CAROLINE ROGERS, MARGARET MILLER AND DONNA TURGEON ABSTRACT There has been a marked increase government funding for the U.S. Caribbean over the last 2 years. This has resulted in vastly improved regional mapping, monitoring, and management of coral reef ecosystems of Florida, Texas, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands and Navassa. These improvements have resulted in significant advances in our understanding of the condition and functioning of these coral reefs. Digital maps of the U.S. Caribbean, including photo-moasics, individual aerial photographs, classified habitat maps, a mapping ArcView extension classification scheme, and methods manual, were completed and are available on CD-ROM and the web (www.biogeo.nos.noaa.gov). Maps of benthic habitats of the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS) were completed in 1998 and are also available. The NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) National Coral Reef Monitoring Program has been expanded from US$0.6 to 0.9 million and now supports monitoring of water quality, reef fish populations, and the habitat in Florida as well as in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. A comprehensive monitoring program in the FKNMS was expanded, and shows that fishes in no-take reserves are larger and more abundant than in fished reference areas. Databases have been improved to allow easier data entry from the field and many are now available on-line. Monitoring data are published in peer-reviewed literature and in the first National Report on the Status and Health of U.S. Coral Reef Ecosystems. A major 5-year research program started in 2002 to examine the links between natural and human stresses, reef processes, socio-economic factors, and the use of MPAs as a management tool. Biological and physical data are being integrated into GIS programs to allow managers to visualise and predict the impacts of their decisions. The National Coral Reef Initiative (NCRI) received US$1M in 2001 and 2002 to support cooperative grants for coral reef research and monitoring. The research projects and collaborations include: innovative methods and programs to assess, monitor, and restore reefs; investigations of ecological, environmental, and genetic responses to coral reef restoration; mapping and biological inventories; and risk assessment and categorisation. A new Coral Reef Institute was established in Puerto Rico to strengthen monitoring and develop improved monitoring technologies. In response to increasing coral diseases in the Caribbean, the Coral Disease and Health Consortium has brought together many experts who have: identified information needs; prioritised strategic research; identified technology 251
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Status of Coral Reefs of the World:
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FOREWORD Our two governments have r
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CONTENTS Countries, States and Terr
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COUNTRIES, STATES AND TERRITORIES A
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Countries, States and Territories S
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INTRODUCTION We are pleased to endo
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Introduction Some of the larger fou
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Introduction Coral reefs are coming
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CLIVE WILKINSON A
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Executive Summary This report, howe
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Executive Summary GLOBAL AND REGION
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Executive Summary There is clear ev
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Executive Summary Key sites chosen
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Executive Summary • Europa and Sc
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Executive Summary CORAL REEF TARGET
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Executive Summary ICRI OPERATING UN
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Executive Summary COLLAPSE OF CORAL
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Executive Summary Prognosis for the
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Executive Summary concern is an out
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Executive Summary Southern Tropical
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Executive Summary Achievements in E
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7. STATUS OF SOUTHEAST ASIA CORAL R
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Status of Southeast Asia Coral Reef
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8. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN EAST AN
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Status of Coral Reefs in East and N
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9. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF AUSTRAL
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Status of Coral Reefs of Australasi
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10. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE SO
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Southw
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Northe
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16. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF MESOAM
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Status of Coral Reefs of Mesoameric
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17. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE EA
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Easter
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18. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN SOUTHE
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Status of Coral Reefs in Southern T
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19. SPONSORING ORGANISATIONS, CORAL
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Sponsoring Organisations, Coral Ree
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#Status of Coral Reefs 2002 - International Coral Reef Action Network

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