#Status of Coral Reefs 2002 - International Coral Reef Action Network

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Status of Coral Reefs of the World: 2002 ICRAN BUNAKEN NATIONAL PARK, INDONESIA – ICRAN DEMONSTRATION SITE Bunaken National Park is on the northern tip of Sulawesi Island in Indonesia. Designated in 1991, it covers 900km 2 of diverse reefs and particularly large mangrove forests. The park focuses on the promotion of ecotourism and is exclusively financed through user fees, and managed by the Bunaken National Park Management Advisory Board, with advice from local communities, NGOs, academia and dive operators. A management plan and marine zoning plan was created for the park using a consultative process. The park management is currently involved in improving garbage and sewage management, improving enforcement and surveillance, promoting sustainable use of the park’s resources, and researching alternative income opportunities. Ecological Monitoring: The Bunaken National Park Office has monitored reefs for the last 5-6 years, and management is interested in conducting further training on coral identification, monitoring and mapping Socio-economic Monitoring: There has been some monitoring of villager income. Monitoring Effectiveness: There is a need for additional benthic, fish and spawning site monitoring. Contact: Widodo S. Ramono, Department of Forestry, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia, wsramono@eudoramail.com Coral reefs are 60% of the natural resources. Ecological Monitoring is occasional. Socio-economic Monitoring is occasional. 144
Status of Southeast Asia Coral Reefs ICRAN WHS MAB KOMODO NATIONAL PARK, INDONESIA – ICRAN DEMONSTRATION SITE Komodo National Park, between the islands of Sumbawa and Flores in the Lesser Sunda Islands of Indonesia, is a site of both terrestrial and marine significance. It encompasses a number of islands, the largest of which are Komodo (34,000ha) and Rinca (20,000ha). It is best known for the large endemic lizard, the Komodo dragon, but the reefs surrounding the islands also deserve special recognition. These waters are some of the richest in the world, possessing over 200 hard coral species, seagrasses, mangroves, manta rays, 16 species of cetaceans, turtles, and over 1000 species of fish. Nearly 113,500ha of surrounding waters are under the jurisdiction of the park. Komodo National Park was established as a Biosphere Reserve by the United Nations in 1977, pronounced a National Park in 1980 and declared a World Heritage Site in 1991. A 25-year management plan was developed for the park in 1995 by the Directorate General of Forest Protection and The Nature Conservancy. The goal management was a well-managed, self-sustaining park i.e. effectively protecting the biodiversity in the park, enhancing fisheries around the Park, maximizing benefits to the local communities, and ensuring the use of park's resources for tourism and education in a sustainable way. The park is still threatened by over-exploitation of the natural resources and destructive fishing. In an effort to reduce these threats, managers of Komodo are planning comprehensive community outreach and conservation awareness campaigns, promotion of sustainable livelihood activities, a strong cross-sectoral patrolling and enforcement program, and ecotourism development. Ecological Monitoring: The Nature Conservancy conducts monitoring every 2 years at 185 sites. Included in the monitoring schedule are coral and fish monitoring programs and monitoring of grouper and wrasse spawning aggregation sites. Socio-economic Monitoring: The Nature Conservancy also conducts socio-economic studies and assessment. Contact: Rili Djohani, The Nature Conservancy - Coastal and Marine Program Indonesia, Bali, Indonesia, rdjohani@attglobal.net Coral reefs are 40% the natural resources. Ecological Monitoring is effective. Socio-economic Monitoring is effective. 145
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Status of Coral Reefs of the World:
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FOREWORD Our two governments have r
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CONTENTS Countries, States and Terr
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COUNTRIES, STATES AND TERRITORIES A
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Countries, States and Territories S
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INTRODUCTION We are pleased to endo
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Introduction Some of the larger fou
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Introduction Coral reefs are coming
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CLIVE WILKINSON A
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Executive Summary This report, howe
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Executive Summary GLOBAL AND REGION
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Executive Summary There is clear ev
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Executive Summary Key sites chosen
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Executive Summary • Europa and Sc
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Executive Summary CORAL REEF TARGET
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Executive Summary ICRI OPERATING UN
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Executive Summary COLLAPSE OF CORAL
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Executive Summary Prognosis for the
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Executive Summary concern is an out
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Executive Summary Southern Tropical
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Executive Summary Achievements in E
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Southw
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12. STATUS OF THE CORAL REEFS IN MI
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Status of the Coral Reefs in Micron
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13. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE HA
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Hawaii
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14. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE U.
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Status of Coral Reefs in the US Car
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15. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE NO
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Northe
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16. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS OF MESOAM
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Status of Coral Reefs of Mesoameric
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17. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN THE EA
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Status of Coral Reefs in the Easter
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18. STATUS OF CORAL REEFS IN SOUTHE
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Status of Coral Reefs in Southern T
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19. SPONSORING ORGANISATIONS, CORAL
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Sponsoring Organisations, Coral Ree
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#Status of Coral Reefs 2002 - International Coral Reef Action Network

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