BRITISH IDENTITY AND THE GERMAN OTHER A Dissertation ...

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Stein, George J. “Biological Science and the Roots of Nazism.” American Scientist 76 (January- February 1988): 50-58. Stets, Jan E., and Peter J. Burke. “Identity Theory and Social Identity Theory.” Social Psychology Quarterly 63, no. 3 (2000): 224-37. Ward, Janet. “Nietzsche's Transvaluation of Jewish Parasitism.” The Journal of Nietzsche Studies 24 (2002): 54-82. Whitney, Craig R. “Sizing Up the Germans: A Thatcher Symposium.” New York Times (16 July 1990): A6. Willis, Richard H. “Ethnic and National Images: Peoples vs. Nations.” Public Opinion Quarterly 22 (Summer 1968): 186-201. Wilson, K. M. and A. Goodearl. “‘Most Obedient and Devoted Servants’: Some Correspondence of Certain British Naval Persons with Kaiser Wilhelm II.” The Mariner’s Mirror 72 (February 1986): 63-67. Wyer, Robert S., Jr. and Leonard L. Martin. “Person Memory: The Role of Traits, Group Stereotypes and Specific Behaviors in the Cognitive Representations of Persons.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 50 (April 1986): 661-75. Yuki, Masaki. “Intergroup Comparison Versus Intragroup Relationships: A Cross-Cultural Examination of Social Identity Theory in North American and East Asian Cultural Contexts.” Social Psychology Quarterly 66, no. 2 (2003): 166-83. 294
VITA Born in Wilmington, Delaware, in 1950, William F. Bertolette enrolled at the University of Delaware in the fall of 1969, where he studied literature, film and music. In the summer of 1972 William transferred to the University of California at Hayward where he expanded his knowledge of music theory, honed his piano playing skills, and furthered his photographic experience. He also began researching topics in European history and studying documentary film making under the guidance of Professor Richard C. Raack. William received the degree of Bachelor of Arts in Liberal Studies, with English concentration, in August of 1975 and began to pursue a career as a part-time jazz pianist while working as a district manager for the Oakland Tribune. In 1980, William embarked on a three-month backpacking tour through the diverse landscapes and cultures of Europe, taking photographs and visiting the historical architectural landmarks and museums of London, Paris, Amsterdam, Florence, Rome, Athens, and many other cities. After returning to the United States, William established residence in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, where he worked as a musician and photographer before enrolling in the graduate program in history at Louisiana State University. William served as a graduate assistant during completion of the course work for a Master of Arts degree, and he capitalized on skills as a database programmer, tutor and videographer while writing the thesis. After completing his 295
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BRITISH IDENTITY AND THE GERMAN OTH
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TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS..
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LIST OF TABLES 1. Periodical Source
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ABSTRACT British identity evolved t
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1 Britons: Forging the Nation 1707-
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English literature in 1867 and his
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in his analysis of the “Anglo-Ger
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the cherished Liberal tenets of rep
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imperialism, but also with perceive
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characterized by a uniformity of ar
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stereotypes of Germany and German c
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nations. 39 The repeated failure of
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Anglophiles in an Anglophobic count
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expression in stereotypes which cou
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ecame implied weaknesses: the “ph
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A. NEWSPAPERS (London): TITLE (DATE
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(TABLE 1 continued) C. POPULAR AND
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society, albeit a very influential
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TABLE 2 GERMAN STEREOTYPE CONTEXT C
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FIGURE 4. These rough tabulations s
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personalities. Evaluating the histo
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2. HISTORY AND PSYCHOLOGY OF NATION
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communications, mass education and
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and enduring than the Persian, Egyp
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home—loyalty, uprightness, honour
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national character in reaction to c
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humanism, he did not fully consider
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partisan differences within nations
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stereotypes in sixteenth and sevent
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Welsh) imperium, one that quickly b
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domestic and international politics
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marriage of state and culture in We
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inseparability of personal and soci
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nationhood. 66 Of course, instinct
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Eagleman has dubbed the brain a “
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difference or affinity such as reli
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Social psychologists since the 1960
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the assignment of negative qualitie
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were also found to involve objectiv
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British views of Germany. Stereotyp
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through either deprecatory or ideal
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3. BRITISHNESS, ENGLISHNESS AND GER
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cultural heroes in the manner of Go
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But rather than dwell like Nairn on
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of a more inclusive civic redefinit
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domestic politics and foreign polic
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to power during the 1830s under the
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literature as well as the inclusion
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his arguments with evidence from st
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Maximillian Robespierre’s radical
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attitudes toward Jews in select maj
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with or in opposition to authoritie
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Nazi takeover represented a pervers
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adaptability, both as a danger and
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social shunning of German families
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national histories, for example, Ke
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Notwithstanding the early appeal of
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changed that. Russia became the che
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Despite excessive fatigue he resolv
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The compression of historical time
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scaremongering. 6 But the obsession
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parts of South Africa and occupied
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once celebrated and endowed with a
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writer to reason that hilly, coasta
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Imperialist identification with Rom
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The classical metaphor provided a v
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ead and low wages galvanized workin
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6-7, 9. spoken at times: but if tre
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British superiority over Germans an
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allowed condemnation of German nati
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component of imperialism to which c
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expressed it, was to Darwin, Spence
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“natural rivals” rather than fr
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If the general impression existed t
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same writer who called Germany the
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5. STEREOTYPES OF OLD GERMANY The G
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earliest outpourings of German “n
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old orders, and manage themselves w
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oddly self-compromised, Germans. Th
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independence of spirit and original
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sixteenth-century German and Englis
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The fine line separating appreciati
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A more innocuous, if no less deplor
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The Pious/Godless German Supercedin
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Newes from Germany” full of porte
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. . . since time immemorial the Pan
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etween 1706 and 1716, but a more si
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described a German graveyard where
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The mirage of Anglo-German religiou
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German works by British critics, co
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of the self-inflicted death of a wo
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literature.” 86 Nevertheless, a t
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writings. 92 But the attraction exe
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potato an Irish vegetable.” 100 A
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emedy the situation and “their ba
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two national figures personified di
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well as outward “cheerfulness”
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South versus an aggrandizing Prussi
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(1820) reported that the “ancient
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years indulging in scandalous behav
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neo-feudal militarism, all of which
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officer. 23 In the New Review of Ju
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metaphysics.” 29 Both Madame de S
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746-48. Within the paradigm of Germ
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foreign bustle and movement.” The
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that fateful year, namely “the un
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“shadowy Imperial power” prior
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author believed required a long int
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with discretion and for his pro-Bri
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his dismissal. In 1901, Henry W. Wo
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measure of political power and pers
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adversity. He insisted that the “
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In contrast to the undisputed, if u
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Conservative agrarians, or Junkers,
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Review reported on the visit of som
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Anglo-German Colonial Rivalry The a
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of those claims, and the evidence o
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encouragement of such a vile and in
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ecame a sinister attempt to “stab
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ultimately reverse a favorable trad
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of contention in the history of Ang
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countries of policies designed to e
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a free hand toward Europe and failu
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efficiently prosecute a ground war
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In the ramp up to World War I, such
Page 251 and 252: 8. CONCLUSION The 2011 European Uni
Page 253 and 254: two Germanies and the four World Wa
Page 255 and 256: Sonderweg, despite its limited nati
Page 257 and 258: Despite such assurances, however, r
Page 259 and 260: east” may have made for interesti
Page 261 and 262: diametrically opposed to the “loy
Page 263 and 264: 1990s Germany “had become a whipp
Page 265 and 266: Britain defined what it meant to be
Page 267 and 268: BIBLIOGRAPHY Primary Sources Books
Page 269 and 270: The Groans of Germany: or, the Enqu
Page 271 and 272: Sarolea, Charles. The Anglo-German
Page 273 and 274: “The German Character.” Two Par
Page 275 and 276: “Prince Bismarck and the Prussian
Page 277 and 278: “The International Struggle for S
Page 279 and 280: “Why Germany Hates Great Britain.
Page 281 and 282: Altick, Richard D. The English Comm
Page 283 and 284: Camrose, Viscount. British Newspape
Page 285 and 286: Feinberg, Todd E. From Axons to Ide
Page 287 and 288: Halevy, Elie. A History of the Engl
Page 289 and 290: Jones, Larry Eugene and James Retal
Page 291 and 292: Liu, James H. and Janos Laszlo. “
Page 293 and 294: Michelet, Fabienne. Creation, Migra
Page 295 and 296: Porter, Bernard. Critics of Empire:
Page 297 and 298: Steiner, Zara. The Foreign Office a
Page 299 and 300: Young, Robert. The Idea of English
Page 301: Koch, H. W. “The Anglo-German All
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