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Dr. Simon Noveck, edi<strong>to</strong>r of Great Jewish Personalities in<br />
Modern Times, says of <strong>the</strong> Haskala that it was among <strong>the</strong><br />
Jews of Berlin, 27<br />
"... that secular interests made <strong>the</strong>ir greatest progress. Here<br />
existed <strong>the</strong> largest Jewish community in Germany, <strong>to</strong>taling<br />
around 4,000 Jewish immigrants, even before Mendelssohn's<br />
death, It was in Berlin that <strong>the</strong> organized Haskala movement,<br />
representing <strong>the</strong> first systematic attempt of Jews <strong>to</strong> meet <strong>the</strong><br />
challenges of <strong>the</strong> modern world, grew up. The leader of <strong>the</strong><br />
movement around whom <strong>the</strong> enlightened ga<strong>the</strong>red and <strong>to</strong><br />
whom all looked for inspiration was Moses Mendelssohn."<br />
The his<strong>to</strong>rian Max Dimont tells us something else about his<br />
opinions of Mendelssohn, which belie not only Mendelssohn's<br />
true position with respect <strong>to</strong> au<strong>the</strong>ntic Judaism, but Dimont's<br />
attitude <strong>to</strong>wards religious Jews. Dimont's view, in his Jews,<br />
God and His<strong>to</strong>ry, is that religious Jews are like refuse. Says<br />
Dimont,<br />
"Mendelssohn clearly saw <strong>the</strong> dilemma of and <strong>the</strong> danger <strong>to</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> Jews. If <strong>the</strong>y remained in <strong>the</strong> ghet<strong>to</strong>, <strong>the</strong>y would stagnate<br />
in<strong>to</strong> a meaningless existence. If on <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r hand <strong>the</strong>y were<br />
catapulted out of <strong>the</strong> ghet<strong>to</strong> by <strong>the</strong> new social forces<br />
shattering feudalism without being prepared for <strong>the</strong><br />
Enlightenment, <strong>the</strong>y would be swallowed up by <strong>the</strong> dominant<br />
Christian majority. Mendelssohn saw his task as two-fold: first,<br />
<strong>to</strong> give <strong>the</strong> Jews a <strong>to</strong>ol for <strong>the</strong>ir own emancipation; second, <strong>to</strong><br />
prepare a new basis for <strong>the</strong> Judaic values once <strong>the</strong> old<br />
religious norms were rejected. The way Hercules diverted <strong>the</strong><br />
flow of <strong>the</strong> two rivers in<strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> Augean stables <strong>to</strong> clean out<br />
decades of accumulated refuse, so Mendelssohn channeled<br />
<strong>the</strong> currents of <strong>the</strong> "Aufklarung" in<strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> ghet<strong>to</strong> <strong>to</strong> sweep out<br />
centuries of accumulated orthodoxy." 28<br />
All <strong>the</strong>se citations are just exemplary of <strong>the</strong> popularly held<br />
view that Mendelssohn is <strong>the</strong> original "Maskil" (Enlightener) of<br />
<strong>the</strong> Haskala. What, however, were <strong>the</strong> salient messages and<br />
58