ENGINEERING: ISSUES CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPMENTTable 5: Students Graduating in Tertiary-Level “<strong>Engineering</strong>”* Education, 1999-2007, Total (persons) - World1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Europe (OECD/Eurostat)Austria ... 5,642 5,583 ... 6,246 6,281 6,704 ... ...Belgium ... 7,906 7,535 7,689 ... 4,976 ... 7,587 ...Bulgaria 6,503 6,319 7,128 10,654 7,432 7,418 7,429 ... ...Croatia 2,657 2,719 2,517 2,272 2,229 ... 2,319 2,388 ...Cyprus 185 ... ... 160 188 119 ... ... ...Czech Republic 5,988 5,159 5,017 5,196 7,244 8,018 8,728 10,377 ...Denmark 3,773 3,579 5,293 5,126 4,800 5,692 5,221 5,176 ...Estonia 905 926 923 781 914 854 1,133 1,148 ...Finl<strong>and</strong> 8,674 7,376 8,195 8,240 8,005 8,189 ... ... ...France 82,407 75,387 ... 87,943 95,481 97,509 94,737 ... ...Germany 56,199 52,174 50,157 49,567 51,718 53,725 55,998 ... ...Greece ... ... ... ... ... 4,864 7,374 9,137 ...Hungary 6,720 5,820 4,363 5,821 5,772 5,301 5,124 4,669 ...Icel<strong>and</strong> 82 110 113 98 139 145 168 219 ...Irel<strong>and</strong> 5,173 5,415 5,331 4,754 6,281 7,061 7,157 ... ...Israel ... 14,605 3,849 4,540 ... ... ... ... ...Italy 29,689 31,013 32,144 37,846 45,300 49,744 56,428 ... ...Latvia 1,255 1,438 1,441 1,460 1,484 1,845 ... 1,794 ...Lithuania 4,742 5,340 5,673 5,571 5,983 6,489 6,890 6,892 ...Luxembourg ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Malta 38 122 103 82 98 112 101 ... ...Netherl<strong>and</strong>s 8,661 8,254 8,385 8,958 9,590 8,693 8,940 9,691 ...Norway 2,512 2,351 2,486 2,150 2,540 2,559 2,449 ... ...Pol<strong>and</strong> ... ... 29,831 33,105 36,110 34,144 37,304 42,564 ...Portugal ... 7,148 ... 8,239 8,926 10,008 10,585 ... ...Romania 11,787 12,866 14,032 15,392 24,912 26,015 27,501 27,653 ...Russian Federation ... ... ... ... ... 335,655 360,535 417,343 ...Slovakia 2,889 3,317 4,450 4,680 4,870 5,220 6,085 6,018 ...Slovenia 2,037 ... 1,995 2,295 2,120 2,219 2,259 2,168 ...Spain 37,855 38,584 45,112 48,185 50,663 50,368 ... 47,181 ...Sweden 7,788 8,824 9,373 9,970 10,319 11,945 ... ... ...Switzerl<strong>and</strong> 8,146 7,871 7,300 7,353 6,811 7,214 8,639 ... ...Turkey ... ... 41,506 43,873 46,331 49,910 51,145 53,311 ...United Kingdom 56,069 49,198 57,969 56,315 52,729 48,284 50,704 52,798 ...Other OECD (outside Europe)Australia 11,957 12,520 18,083 18,860 19,578 ... 21,314 22,499 ...New Zeal<strong>and</strong> 2,191 2,143 2,174 2,311 2,173 2,724 2,870 3,061 ...Canada 24,614 ... ... 25,722 ... ... ... ... ...Mexico 37,716 44,606 46,424 50,812 59,303 ... 59,117 ... ...106
AN OVERVIEW OF ENGINEERING1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007United States 176,430 179,276 179,965 179,002 184,740 189,402 189,938 189,532 ...Japan 212,706 209,938 204,502 203,151 199,405 195,241 195,670 ... ...Rep. of Korea 167,655 174,299 168,296 180,233 173,614 172,703 165,812 179,143 169,831Western Europe n.e.cAndorra ... ... ... - - - - - ...Gibralter . . . . . ... ... ... ...Holy See - ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Liechtenstein ... ... ... ... 14 4 ... 46 ...Monaco . . . . . . ... ... ...San Marino ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Central <strong>and</strong> Eastern Europe n.e.c.Albania ... 243 178 ... 218 ... ... ... ...Belarus ... ... ... ... ... 22,725 23,906 24,871 ...Bosnia <strong>and</strong> Herzegovina ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Montenegro ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Rep. of Moldova ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Serbia ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Rep. of Macedonia 732 882 602 649 730 793 802 ... ...Ukraine 119,886 ... 111,563 112,693 112,390 121,394 99,293 107,112 ...Arab StatesAlgeria ... ... ... ... ... 10,842 ... 12,156 ...Bahrain ... ... ... ... 255 ... 326 296 ...Djibouti . ... ... ... ... ... . ... ...Egypt ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Iraq ... 5,646 ... ... ... 22,565 ... ... ...Jordan ... ... ... ... ... 3,797 3,755 ... ...Kuwait ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Lebanon ... 1,797 2,335 2,276 ... 2,487 3,294 3,497 ...Libyan Arab Jamahiriya ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Mauritania ... ... ... ... ... ... - - ...Morocco ... 721 ... ... 1,243 1,099 2,829 3,550 ...Oman ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 260 ...Palestinian Aut. Terr. ... 575 810 ... 1,178 1,181 ... 1,592 ...Qatar ... ... 68 62 76 ... ... ... ...Saudi Arabia ... ... ... ... ... 1,145 2,110 ... ...Sudan ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Syrian Arab Rep. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Tunisia ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...United Arab Emirates ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Yemen ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...107
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Introductionto the Report
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1What is Engineering?
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5Engineering around the world
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APPENDICES9.1Engineering at UNESCO
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APPENDICESopment of software for in
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APPENDICES212, 213, 214, 215, 217,