ENGINEERING: ISSUES CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPMENTTable 2: Female Students Enrolled in Tertiary-Level “<strong>Engineering</strong>”* Education, 1999-2006, Total (persons) - World1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006Europe (OECD/Eurostat)Austria ... 7,526 ... ... 6,169 6,170 6,149 6,366Belgium ... 7,712 7,561 8,519 8,006 10,106 8,498 10,075Bulgaria 19,908 20,201 19,482 17,972 17,256 16,263 16,170 16,259Croatia 5,163 ... 4,957 5,385 5,165 ... 5,400 5,651Cyprus 201 74 43 39 49 85 130 177Czech Republic 9,976 10,551 10,709 12,359 12,154 13,348 14,061 ...Denmark 5,103 5,308 5,175 5,989 7,130 7,555 7,951 7,596Estonia 2,005 1,987 2,055 2,061 2,044 2,111 2,270 2,292Finl<strong>and</strong> 11,252 12,306 13,163 13,797 14,457 14,841 15,082 15,077France ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 59,215Germany 60,653 60,054 60,847 62,636 64,661 68,152 ... 65,693Greece ... ... ... 19,629 ... 25,431 29,547 22,066Hungary 10,625 ... 10,295 9,884 11,195 10,142 10,285 10,179Icel<strong>and</strong> 103 126 156 182 244 305 320 368Irel<strong>and</strong> 3,105 3,247 3,613 3,577 3,645 3,468 3,142 3,177Israel 10,902 9,584 14,230 17,467 13,103 15,904 15,216 15,109Italy 78,998 78,381 79,478 80,140 83,367 86,809 88,784 89,599Latvia 3,192 2,480 2,520 2,582 2,531 2,570 2,648 2,735Lithuania 7,855 8,540 9,013 8,796 9,292 9,896 9,446 9,000Luxembourg ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Malta 97 95 107 145 186 188 209 ...Netherl<strong>and</strong>s 6,267 6,306 6,408 6,448 6,230 6,009 5,991 7,107Norway 3,975 3,231 2,974 2,973 3,230 3,305 3,550 ...Pol<strong>and</strong> 41,910 44,274 50,907 57,491 59,657 61,478 63,715 73,133Portugal ... 19,745 ... 22,118 22,658 22,785 21,599 20,720Romania 22,141 25,100 28,876 32,608 40,704 43,752 44,003 45,247Russian Federation ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Slovakia 7,287 7,378 8,022 8,315 8,081 8,207 8,821 9,247Slovenia 3,667 3,869 3,960 4,056 4,056 4,143 4,287 4,335Spain 71,211 75,065 77,229 83,606 88,124 89,946 88,796 89,280Sweden 17,536 18,789 19,967 20,270 20,628 20,260 19,611 19,116Switzerl<strong>and</strong> 2,631 2,722 2,954 3,176 3,435 3,708 3,746 3,984Turkey ... ... 45,960 47,708 48,258 53,182 53,253 58,147United Kingdom 31,548 31,550 36,088 35,980 32,921 34,105 35,448 37,881Other OECD (outside Europe)Australia 17,481 17,946 18,562 21,475 22,170 22,480 22,643 22,782New Zeal<strong>and</strong> 3,000 3,422 3,083 3,452 3,953 3,390 3,518 3,977Canada 25,014 ... ... 26,843 ... ... ... ...Mexico 67,007 73,806 79,806 91,200 99,133 128,011 107,270 111,72688
AN OVERVIEW OF ENGINEERING1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006United States ... ... ... ... ... ... 186,682 189,427Japan 77,278 77,674 79,201 80,825 81,260 80,682 79,468 76,922Rep. of Korea 185,728 195,251 175,300 188,797 189,299 160,346 165,982 156,216Western Europe n.e.cAndorra ... ... ... - - - - -Gibralter ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Holy See - - - ... ... ... ... ...Liechtenstein ... ... ... ... 32 43 42 ...Monaco . . . . . . ... ...San Marino . 36 ... ... ... ... ... ...Central <strong>and</strong> Eastern Europe n.e.c.Albania ... 601 650 ... 955 1,115 ... ...Belarus ... ... ... ... ... ... 38,319 40,440Bosnia <strong>and</strong> Herzegovina ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Montenegro ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Rep. of Moldova ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Serbia ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Rep. of Macedonia 1,833 2,196 2,194 2,580 2,619 2,646 2,835 ...Ukraine ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Arab StatesAlgeria ... ... ... ... ... 22,080 24,288 25,334Bahrain ... ... ... ... 509 ... 359 333Djibouti ... ... ... ... ... 7 ... 24Egypt ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Iraq ... 6,416 ... ... ... 14,707 ... ...Jordan ... ... ... ... 6,858 6,858 6,149 7,326Kuwait ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Lebanon ... 3,155 3,030 3,364 3,561 3,496 3,769 4,137Libyan Arab Jamahiriya ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Mauritania ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Morocco 1,267 1,628 5,686 ... 3,024 3,091 4,018 5,804Oman ... ... ... ... ... ... 904 ...Palestinian Aut.. Terr. 1,212 1,002 1,060 1,804 2,866 2,727 ... 3,090Qatar ... ... ... ... 50 68 ... ...Saudi Arabia ... 204 ... ... 345 2,841 3,022 ...Sudan ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Syrian Arab Rep. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Tunisia ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...United Arab Emirates ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Yemen ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...89
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1What is Engineering?
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2Engineering andHuman Development
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5Engineering around the world
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ENGINEERING AROUND THE WORLDnationa
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APPENDICES9.1Engineering at UNESCO
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APPENDICESopment of software for in
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