THE UNIVERSITY OF LEIPZIG

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List of Abbreviations ATC Africa Technology Centre ABSM Access Benefiting and Sharing Mechanism BPC Bio Prospecting Contracts CBD Convention for Biological Biodiversity CBS Central Bureau of Statistics CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species COP Conference of Parties DFID Department For International Development EA East Africa EAC East Africa Community EMCA Environmental Management and Co-ordination Act FAO Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations FD Forest Department FRM Forest Reserve Management FS Forest Services GDP Gross Domestic Product GEF Global Environmental Facility GTZ German Technical Service GOK Government of Kenya G8 Group of Eight IMF International Monetary Fund INRS Integrated Natural Resource Society IUCN World Conservation Union INCRAF International Centre For Research In Agro forestry IPR Intellectual Property Rights KANU Kenya African National Union KENRIK Kenyan Resource Centre for Indigenous Knowledge KI Key Informant Interview KFS Kenya Forestry Society KM Kilometre KWS Kenya Wildlife Services LVEMP Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project LR Licensing Regimes MNC Multi National Corporation MOU Memorandum of Understanding MTA Multilateral Trading Agreement NBI Nile Basin Initiative NEAP National Environmental Action Plan NEMA National Environmental Management Authority NEMP National Environmental Management Policy NES National Environmental Services NASSEP National Sample Survey Evaluation Programme NGO Non Governmental Organization NMK National Museums of Kenya NSAP National Biodiversity Action Plan OAU Organisation of African Unity PSP Principle Sampling Point RCI Rational Choice Institutionalism RSA Republic of South Africa SOP Standard Operation Procedures VI
UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environmental Programme UNECD United Nations Conference on Climate and Development WAC World Agro Forestry Centre WWF World Wildlife Fund VII
Page 1 and 2: INSTITUTIONAL DILEMMAS IN TROPICAL
Page 3 and 4: Dedication This work is dedicated i
Page 5: 7.4 COLLECTIVE COMMUNITY ACTION AND
Page 9 and 10: 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction Ken
Page 11 and 12: are mediated into the national poli
Page 13 and 14: Giddens notes that linking agency a
Page 15 and 16: foreign exchange controls made the
Page 17 and 18: and to preserve the different fores
Page 19 and 20: Map 2: Landsat ETM+ (7) satellite i
Page 21 and 22: egimes. 46 Yet national regimes gov
Page 23 and 24: Institutions and Institutionalism:
Page 25 and 26: learn that in practice, the definit
Page 27 and 28: The above revelations show the disc
Page 29 and 30: technologies. This kind of thinking
Page 31 and 32: The social movement’s notion arti
Page 33 and 34: 1.8 Methodology The choice of resea
Page 35 and 36: Sources of data Data for this study
Page 37 and 38: knowledge, opinions, notions in rel
Page 39 and 40: 2 Theoretical Considerations 2.1 In
Page 41 and 42: opposed to particularistic in the i
Page 43 and 44: constraints have to be applicable t
Page 45 and 46: process is a product of both extern
Page 47 and 48: position also influences actors’
Page 49 and 50: to a specific choice problem, which
Page 51 and 52: communications and authority relati
Page 53 and 54: the subsequent lack of general or s
Page 55 and 56: generally. Historical institutional
Page 57 and 58:
can have remarkable consequences at
Page 59 and 60:
myths and ceremonies devised by man
Page 61 and 62:
In light of the above postulation,
Page 63 and 64:
among inter ethnic relations. 273 D
Page 65 and 66:
also important for maintaining the
Page 67 and 68:
what sort of environment is left fo
Page 69 and 70:
Rittberger called it “institution
Page 71 and 72:
of governance. 314 For instance, fo
Page 73 and 74:
and his claims. Hence it is the fun
Page 75 and 76:
trees, food resources, warmth or ab
Page 77 and 78:
environmental externality function
Page 79 and 80:
Wear observes that the enhancement
Page 81 and 82:
4 Biodiversity, local decentralisat
Page 83 and 84:
officials found to have dished out
Page 85 and 86:
national level. At the local level
Page 87 and 88:
declared a ban on felling indigenou
Page 89 and 90:
4.2 Institutionalism, local decentr
Page 91 and 92:
iodiversity change been altered, bu
Page 93 and 94:
We shall use the term participation
Page 95 and 96:
known as community forest user grou
Page 97 and 98:
1960s and early 1970s in Europe and
Page 99 and 100:
upholding of the social values and
Page 101 and 102:
The social-cognitive dimension can
Page 103 and 104:
as goods and certain services, and
Page 105 and 106:
In summary, in this chapter we have
Page 107 and 108:
This is compouded by glowing struct
Page 109 and 110:
the Constitution. The Constitutiona
Page 111 and 112:
far as ownership is concerned. As a
Page 113 and 114:
maximum spring discharge level. 501
Page 115 and 116:
During pre-colonial times, issues o
Page 117 and 118:
whose boundaries could not be alter
Page 119 and 120:
Although Kenya’s policy and legal
Page 121 and 122:
egeneration thereof or biodiversity
Page 123 and 124:
marine and fresh water resources an
Page 125 and 126:
In addition, the director of Agricu
Page 127 and 128:
Gottfried suggested that natural re
Page 129 and 130:
Based on the review and analysis of
Page 131 and 132:
Furthermore, issues of monitoring a
Page 133 and 134:
players, especially given the role
Page 135 and 136:
household was 6. Adults are here de
Page 137 and 138:
eadily available for the researcher
Page 139 and 140:
It is imperative to appreciate that
Page 141 and 142:
tragedy for the entire household, c
Page 143 and 144:
Table 6.6 Why persons are named aft
Page 145 and 146:
the extreme lowland side, the area
Page 147 and 148:
on the forest biodiversity is neith
Page 149 and 150:
settling around the Mount Elgon are
Page 151 and 152:
concluding the ceremonies with the
Page 153 and 154:
Gender, cropping systems and labour
Page 155 and 156:
ural livelihoods, it became the foc
Page 157 and 158:
espondent said that they planted su
Page 159 and 160:
Like we have earlier noted, most of
Page 161 and 162:
When asked how such people (Custodi
Page 163 and 164:
7 Historical and Sociological Insti
Page 165 and 166:
Biodiversity and customary law in K
Page 167 and 168:
education and a majority of social
Page 169 and 170:
Put in the context of Kakamega, it
Page 171 and 172:
with one of the Tirirki elders, the
Page 173 and 174:
places, there was an array of reaso
Page 175 and 176:
Further still, it was discovered th
Page 177 and 178:
7.4 Collective community action and
Page 179 and 180:
development of various community re
Page 181 and 182:
Other scholars in the area of prope
Page 183 and 184:
for instance, where common property
Page 185 and 186:
8 Summary and Conclusions 8.1 Recap
Page 187 and 188:
Conclusions The overall objective o
Page 189 and 190:
already exits within the Luhya reso
Page 191 and 192:
sense, the community conserved area
Page 193 and 194:
management such as Kakamega, these
Page 195 and 196:
We have already indicated that like
Page 197 and 198:
prohibiting the use of natural reso
Page 199 and 200:
economic and cultural values with a
Page 201 and 202:
The wider and long-term implication
Page 203 and 204:
will make it much more difficult to
Page 205 and 206:
8.5 Summary The findings that have
Page 207 and 208:
initial conditions, path dependence
Page 209 and 210:
References BOOKS Adrian, P. 2003. T
Page 211 and 212:
Downs, R. E. and S. P. Reyna. 1988.
Page 213 and 214:
Kanyinga, K. 1994. Ethnicity, Patro
Page 215 and 216:
Neisser, U. 1967. Cognitive Psychol
Page 217 and 218:
Strathern, M. 2000. Environments wi
Page 219 and 220:
Reardon, T and Vosti, S. A. 1995. L
Page 221 and 222:
Krhoda, G. 1998. What Ails Kenya's
Page 223 and 224:
Strathern, M. 1996. Potential Prope
Page 225 and 226:
Colchester, M. 2003. Conservation P
Page 227 and 228:
Murombedzi, J. 1998. The Evolving C
Page 229 and 230:
Newspapers The Daily Nation Karura
Page 231 and 232:
List of Figures and Maps Map 1 Map
Page 233 and 234:
Response Codes Snakes Monkeys Frogs
Page 235 and 236:
Section 3. Usage and management for
Page 237 and 238:
Code How often are such ceremonies
Page 239 and 240:
Section 5. Management of local know
Page 241 and 242:
Code Who is responsible for growing
Page 243 and 244:
Appendix B. Schedule of organizatio
Page 245 and 246:
The interviews focused on the confl
Page 247 and 248:
Appendix D. Bibliographic schedule
Page 249:
Versicherung Ich versichere, dass i
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