LESSONS ENCOUNTERED

Hoffman and Crowther
Table 5. Assessed Capability Levels of Afghan National Army, 2010–2013
Rating
Levels
November
2010
April
2011
August
2011
December
2011
October
2012
March
2013
Independent
with
advisors
Effective
with
advisors
Effective
with
partners
Developing
Awaiting
fielding
0 1 1 7 20 35
47 56 60 68 72 99
35 55 56 63 22 16
46 32 22 16 7 10
18 13 19 10 25 6
n 670 schools were constructed or refurbished and staffed with
65,000 teachers trained in modern teaching methods, and some
60 million textbooks were printed and distributed nationwide.
n School enrollment was 600 percent higher than before 2002,
and between 33 and 40 percent of the students in Afghanistan are
female. Some 11.5 million children are attending school across
the country, more than 10 times the number in 2001. Of those
11.5 million students, 4.7 million are female.
n Almost 500,000 hectares of land received improved irrigation.
n Some 30 million head of livestock were vaccinated/treated.
n Over 28,000 loans were made to small businesses, 75 percent
to women.
n Over 500 Provincial Reconstruction Team quick impact projects
were completed. 171
Not all of these improvements are tied to the additional resources the
President authorized, but they do demonstrate the substantial achievements
beyond security. In 2002, only 6 percent of Afghans had access to reliable electricity.
Roughly 28 percent of the population has access to reliable electricity,
including more than 2 million people in Kabul. 172 Less than 10 percent of the
country had access to rudimentary health care when the war started, and by
130