Pedestrian Signal Safety - AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety

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222 Very similar results and trends were evident at the 3.50 ft./sec. walking speed for the same volume range comparison. The range in ADPV was 40 sec. to 169 sec. (this represented an increase in average delay of 129.0 sec.). LOS also was reduced from LOS D to LOS F. There were only minor increases in AVD at the 4.00 ft./sec. walking speed under existing volume conditions as compared to a modeled increase of 15 percent above existing volumes. The range in ADPV was 33 sec. to 43 sec. (this represented an increase in average delay of 10 sec.). LOS was reduced from LOS C to LOS D. Minor Street Approaches Delays were shown to be higher with a 4.00 ft./sec. walking speed than with 3.50 ft./sec. and 3.00 ft./sec. walking speeds. This is because the minor street traffic was getting lesser green time based on 4.00 ft./sec. walking speed as compared to 3.50 ft./sec. and 3.00 ft./sec. walking speeds. The additional green time needed for the minor street traffic movement was acquired from the major street green time and thereby increased the delays on the major street approaches. The range in ADPV under existing volume conditions as compared to a modeled increase of 15 percent above existing volumes for the 3.00 ft./sec. walking speed assumption was 25 sec. to 68 sec. (this represented an increase in average delay of 43 sec.). LOS was reduced from LOS C under existing volume conditions to LOS E. Similar trends (but more extensive differences) were evident at the 3.50 ft./sec. walking speed for the same volume range comparison. The range in ADPV was 35 sec. to 109 sec. (this represented an increase in average delay of 74 sec.). At a walking speed of 4.00 ft./sec., LOS remained the same (LOS F). The range in ADPV was 91 sec. to 147 sec. (this represented an increase in average delay of 56 sec.). Table H-12. Orange County, California intersection characteristics: approach lane usage, peak-hour traffic volumes, and cycle length. Approach Northbound (MJ) Southbound (MJ) Eastbound (MN) Westbound (MN) MJ approach MN approach Number of approach lanes L LT T TR R Total -10percent volu me Existing volu me Peak-hour tra ffic vol umes (existing and modeled) +5percent volume +10 - percent volume +15 - percent volume 1 0 2 1 0 4 1,800 2,000 2,100 2,200 2,300 1 0 2 1 0 4 1,800 2,000 2,100 2,200 2,300 1 0 1 1 0 3 1,125 1,250 1,313 1,375 1,438 1 0 2 1 0 4 1,125 1,250 1,313 1,375 1,438 2 0 4 2 0 8 3,600 4,000 4,200 4,400 4,600 2 0 2 2 0 6 2,250 2,500 2,625 2,750 2,875 Total 4 0 6 4 0 14 5,850 6,500 6,825 7,150 7,475 Cycle length : 100 sec. * Note: l = left; LT = left-through; T = through; TR = through-right; R = right. Volume range 2,250 – 2,875 5,850 – 7,475
Figure H-2. Delay vs. volumes at case study intersection for walking speeds of 3.00, 3.50, 4.00 ft./ sec. and base conditions. 3.00 ft./sec. Figure H-3. Intersection delay for major and minor street approaches, 3.00 ft./sec. walking speed, Orange County, California. 223
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Pedestrian Signal Safety for Older
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LIST OF TABLES Table/Page ES-1/19.
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure/Page 1/22. E
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LIST OF DEFINITIONS Access Board Th
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FOREWORD ABOUT THE SPONSOR This stu
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16 Mark J. Kulewicz Director-Traffi
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18 LITERATURE REVIEW FINDINGS • O
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20 1. Based on the results observed
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22 Figure 1. Example of a pedestria
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METHODS The project objectives were
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and 3.40 ft./sec. for pedestrians o
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the potential impact of various wal
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Pedestrian Start-Up Time Pedestrian
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• a PCD signal with both the coun
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six crosswalks experienced a signif
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where: W = duration of WALK indicat
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Gates, Noyce, Bill, and Van Ee expa
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Table 3. Summary of empirical data
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Table 4. Summary of researcher reco
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SITE SELECTION/EFFECT OF DIFFERENT
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Walking Speeds The project team mea
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RESULTS AGENCY SURVEY FINDINGS Deta
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5 0 . 0 % 4 5 . 0 % 4 0 . 0 % 3 5 .
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POSITIVE IMPACTS OF PEDESTRIAN COUN
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• Give third priority to signaliz
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15th-Percentile Walking Speed The 1
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Table 10: Pedestrian signal complia
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Table 12. Older pedestrians remaini
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The case study intersections in Sal
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Five different traffic volume condi
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Minneapolis/St.Paul, Minnesota Figu
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Figure 10. Delay vs. volumes at Mon
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There was no change in overall LOS
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Figure 13. Delay vs. volumes at Ora
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Pedestrian Understanding and Prefer
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the countdown at the end of the FDW
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lengths are preferred for pedestria
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Table 23. Comparison of the literat
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observer was assigned to each inter
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APPENDIX A WEB-PEDESTRIAN COUNTDOWN
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PURPOSE OF SURVEY The purpose of th
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d) Plan to use during the next one
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Question 22 If you answered “yes
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Table A-1. Distribution of responde
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Table A-2. Respondent organizations
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Figure A-2 shows the distribution o
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6 0 .0 % 5 5 .0 % 5 0 .0 % 4 5 .0 %
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Figure A-7. Roadway characteristics
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PEDESTRIAN COUNTDOWN SIGNAL START/E
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PCD Signal Start/End Times Start of
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3. Seniors and other adults showed
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• No. Countdown timers encourage
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the crossing time remaining? Yes 20
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• None (n = 32) • Motorists spe
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PEDESTRIAN SAFETY FOR OLDER PEDESTR
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APPENDIX C: BROWARD COUNTY, FLORIDA
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BACKGROUND Broward County is locate
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DATA COLLECTION METHODOLOGY Pedestr
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For younger pedestrians, the mean w
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Pedestrians Under 65 Table C-6 show
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Pedestrians Left in Intersection At
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Table C-11. Pedestrian WALK and cle
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Figure C-2. Delay vs. volumes at ca
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Table C-13. Broward County, Florida
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APPENDIX D: MINNEAPOLIS/ST. PAUL, M
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BACKGROUND Minneapolis, in southeas
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• Lyndale Avenue and Franklin Ave
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Table D-2. Walking speeds for pedes
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Table D-4. Significance testing of
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Table D-7. Frequency and percentage
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SURVEY RESULTS A total of 150 pedes
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For the major street approaches, LO
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3.50 ft./sec. Figure D-6. Intersect
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SUMMARY In summary, the key results
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LIST OF TABLES Table/Page E-1/156.
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SITE SELECTION Engineering staff fr
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DATA COLLECTION METHODOLOGY Pedestr
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For younger pedestrians, the mean w
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Twenty-two pedestrians with mobilit
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Older Pedestrians Table E-8 shows t
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EFFECT OF CHANGING WALKING SPEEDS O
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As shown in Table E-12, major stree
Page 171 and 172: 3.50 ft./sec. Figure E-6. Intersect
Page 173 and 174: SUMMARY In summary, the key results
Page 175 and 176: LIST OF TABLES Table/Page F-1/176.
Page 177 and 178: SITE SELECTION The City of White Pl
Page 179 and 180: RESULTS Walking Speeds The walking
Page 181 and 182: For younger pedestrians, the mean w
Page 183 and 184: cross. That is, at an intersection
Page 185 and 186: Pedestrians Left in Intersection At
Page 187 and 188: Table F-11. Pedestrian WALK and cle
Page 189 and 190: Table F-13. White Plains, New York:
Page 191 and 192: APPENDIX G: SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH CA
Page 193 and 194: BACKGROUND Salt Lake City is Utah
Page 195 and 196: Figure G-2 displays the type of ped
Page 197 and 198: Table G-2. Walking speeds for pedes
Page 199 and 200: Pedestrians with Impairments Pedest
Page 201 and 202: Older Pedestrians Table G-8 shows t
Page 203 and 204: EFFECT OF CHANGING WALKING SPEEDS O
Page 205 and 206: Figure G-3. Delay vs. volumes at ca
Page 207 and 208: Table G-13. Salt Lake City, Utah in
Page 209 and 210: APPENDIX H: ORANGE COUNTY, CALIFORN
Page 211 and 212: BACKGROUND Orange County, Californi
Page 213 and 214: DATA COLLECTION METHODOLOGY Pedestr
Page 215 and 216: For younger pedestrians, the mean w
Page 217 and 218: Younger Pedestrians Table H-6 shows
Page 219 and 220: Pedestrians Left in Intersection At
Page 221: Figure H-2 shows the overall averag
Page 225 and 226: Table H-13. Orange County, Californ
Page 227 and 228: APPENDIX I: MONROE COUNTY, NEW YORK
Page 229 and 230: COUNTY OF MONROE DEPARTMENT OF TRAN
Page 231 and 232: APPENDIX J: NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON U
Page 233 and 234: 3. Add a new Guidance statement rec
Page 235 and 236: Guidance: Where the pedestrian clea
Page 237 and 238: Fugger, T.F., B.C. Randles, A.C. St
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