Operational Plan for the Restoration of Diadromous Fishes to the ...

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used Kenduskeag Stream as an example of a management reach downstream of all dams. To model the effects of dams on salmon population viability we developed management reaches that aggregate some of the finer-scale reaches described above (Table 2). For each management reach we tallied the number of dams a smolt or adult would have to pass, and then used fish passage efficiencies and mortality data to estimate the cumulative effects of the dams on the population dynamics. Dam passage input data were derived from numerous sources: Holbrook, 2007, assessed survival of smolts and smolt movement using ultrasonic telemetry. Survival rates for mainstem dams were estimated. Both hatchery and wild smolts were used in the study that provides the most recent and comprehensive estimates of smolt survival at dams in the Penobscot. The study integrated survival factors surrounding dams including effects of the dam itself, plus variables such as transit times through reservoirs and increased opportunity of predation. The ASAL model was used to estimate smolt survival at Mattaceunk Dam. Direct estimates of smolt survival at this dam were not available. This result was presented in a review of downstream fish passage in the Annual Report of the U.S. Atlantic Salmon Assessment Committee Report No. 17 – 2004 Activities. This review contained numerous FERC reports on fish passage and ASAL modeling results; however, most of this work was superseded by Holbrook, 2007. Adult Atlantic salmon upstream passage efficiencies were obtained from Fay, C., M. Bartron, S. Craig, A. Hecht, J. Pruden, R. Saunders, T. Sheehan, and J. Trial. 2006. Status Review for Anadromous Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) in the United States. Report to the National Marine Fisheries Service and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 294 pages. See this document for primary sources. Additional adult upstream passage efficiencies were derived from Beland and Gorsky, 2004 in Atlantic Salmon Freshwater Assessments and Research Semi- Annual Project Report NOAA Grant NA17FL1157 Covering the period November 1, 2003 – April 30, 2004, Appendix A. Additional data from Gorsky, 2005, (Site Fidelity and the Influence of Environmental Variables on Migratory Movements of Adult Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) in the Penobscot River Basin, Maine Master’s Thesis. University of Maine. 2005) was also used to augment the passage efficiencies. Where multiple estimates existed, we used the high and low estimates as the range, and used the mean of these two values as the deterministic value. When both a range and mean passage efficiency or survival were given, we used the data as presented (Table 3). Although the data presented here represent a large body of work, there are still important gaps in the data for Atlantic salmon passage. The more recent PIT tag telemetry studies on adults and smolts tend to integrate variables surrounding dams. This can make it difficult to interpret the effect of a dam PRFP Page 132
itself verses mortality that may occur in spite of a dam for a given river segment. We tried to use values that likely represent dam effects, avoiding estimates with confounding factors such as suitable habitat between dams either in the mainstem or in tributaries. For those dams where no salmon passage data were available we choose passage efficiency based on best professional judgment. However, studies to quantify efficiencies will improve managers’ ability to guide recovery. Table 2. Management reaches and dams that affect sub-populations in those reaches: before and after the Penobscot dam removal and bypass project. Before Dam Removal Lower Penobscot Kenduskeag Mattawamkeag Passadumkeag Piscataquis Lower Piscataquis Upper East Branch Veazie Veazie -- Veazie Veazie Veazie Veazie Great Works Great Works -- Great Works Great Works Great Works Great Works Milford Milford -- Milford Milford Milford Milford Orono Orono -- Orono Orono Orono Orono Stillwater Stillwater -- Stillwater Stillwater Stillwater Stillwater Gilman Falls Gilman Falls -- Gilman Falls Gilman Falls Gilman Falls Gilman Falls -- West Enfield -- West Enfield Lowell Tannery Dam Howland Howland -- -- -- -- -- Brown's Mill (D-F Lower) Moosehead -- -- -- -- -- Manufacturing (D-F Upper) -- -- -- -- -- Guilford After Dam Removal Lower Penobscot Kenduskeag Mattawamkeag Passadumkeag Piscataquis Lower Piscataquis Upper East Branch Milford Milford -- Milford Milford Milford Milford Orono Orono -- Orono Orono Orono Orono Stillwater Stillwater -- Stillwater Stillwater Stillwater Stillwater Gilman Falls Gilman Falls -- Gilman Falls Gilman Falls Gilman Falls Gilman Falls -- West Enfield -- West Enfield Lowell Tannery Dam -- Brown's Mill (D-F Lower) Moosehead -- -- -- -- -- Manufacturing (D-F Upper) -- -- -- -- -- Guilford Table 3. Smolt and adult Atlantic salmon dam passage survival estimates Dam TribToBranch km km from Veazie Smolt Survival Proportion Smolts Using** low mean high source Veazie Penobscot-mainstem 48 0 1.00 0.96 0.98 1.00 Holbrook, 2007 Great Works Penobscot-mainstem 60 12 0.89 0.91 0.96 1.00 Holbrook, 2007 Milford Penobscot-mainstem 63 15 0.89 0.75 0.88 1.00 Holbrook, 2007 Orono Penobscot-Stillwater 0.11 0.96 0.98 1.00 Holbrook, 2007* PRFP Page 133
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Operational Plan for the Restoratio
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Table of Contents Introduction ....
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Introduction The overarching goal o
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Section 1 - Alewife, American eel,
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Introduction Five species (shortnos
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3.0 Objective: Rebuild the rainbow
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Table 1. List of lakes above Veazie
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Figure 1. Alewife Phase 1 habitat (
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Table 2. River habitat that histori
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Work Plan Table The budget includes
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3.1.3, 3.2.1, and 3.3.1 Estimate th
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USFWS (Seavey). Analysis may includ
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A boat electrofishing survey (Yoder
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Table 5. Results of natural recolon
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Because adult shad mortality increa
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11.0 Rebuild the striped bass popul
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meta-population. Based on watershed
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Objective 12: Increase wild/natural
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Work Plan Table The budget includes
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14.1.2 14.1.3 14.2.1 14.2.2 14.2.3
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12.1.4 Operate the adult Atlantic s
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12.6.1 Proposal to investigate natu
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the ability to target specific area
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occur. Assessment is likely to incl
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smolts needs to be documented (Task
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Section 2 - Passage and Connectivit
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Atlantic salmon. Two dams on the St
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On the tributaries, the downstream
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can prevent the successful downstre
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ensure maximum emigration of target
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18.1.2 Strategy: Develop/conduct as
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21.1.1 Strategy: Develop a Memorand
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17.1.6 17.2.1 17.2.2 17.2.3 17.2.4
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17.6.5 17.6.6 17.6.7 18.1.1 18.1.2
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20.1.6 20.1.7 20.1.8 20.1.9 20.2.1
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Over the past 20 years, there have
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that address fish passage. Similarl
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17.2.4 Assess Fish Passage Improvem
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17.5.1 Review the FERC License and
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18.1.1 Review Need and Process to I
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19.1.4 Consult and/or Partner with
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goals, DMR will need to work with l
Page 85 and 86: 21.1.5 Develop Memorandum of Unders
Page 87 and 88: Section 3 - Habitat PRFP Page 83
Page 89 and 90: Hydrology Riparian and organic inpu
Page 91 and 92: 22.8 Strategy: Undertake an IFIM to
Page 93 and 94: Work Plan Narratives 22.1 Expand US
Page 95 and 96: Recent surveys in coastal Maine riv
Page 97 and 98: Section 4 - Non-Native species incl
Page 99 and 100: 23.1.1.1.1.2 East Branch Pond, whic
Page 101 and 102: Investigate and maintain current bl
Page 103 and 104: The dam at Schoodic Lake has a 6’
Page 105 and 106: Work with IFW regional biologists t
Page 107 and 108: Authors: Joan Trial and Melissa Las
Page 109 and 110: Objective 28: Support regional and
Page 111 and 112: Coordinate data collection and shar
Page 113 and 114: Work Plan Narratives 26.1. Convene
Page 115 and 116: 27.5 Hold an interagency technical
Page 117 and 118: River Restoration Trust (PRRT or Tr
Page 119 and 120: Appendices Appendix A - Role of Hat
Page 121 and 122: Population Structure The ‘concept
Page 123 and 124: supplementation have been highly su
Page 125 and 126: 3. Blueback Herring Meristic/Morpho
Page 127 and 128: populations, Waldman et al. (1996)
Page 129 and 130: Summary No specific information is
Page 131 and 132: References Anderson, M.G., Vickery,
Page 133 and 134: Cumberland Basin, New Brunswick. Ph
Page 135: Table 1. Sub-drainage and reaches i
Page 139 and 140: We estimated cumulative dam mortali
Page 141 and 142: Female Returns 16000 14000 12000 10
Page 143 and 144: that must be passed. Furthermore, h
Page 145 and 146: Appendix C - Penobscot Habitat and
Page 147 and 148: Parr density (no. / 100 m 2 ) 45 40
Page 149 and 150: Enfield Weldon to West Enfield Matt
Page 151 and 152: Habitat (units) Parr Production Hab
Page 153 and 154: Figure 8. Optimal parr production s
Page 155 and 156: Subwatershed Dam Reach Management R
Page 167 and 168: lakes fisheries: a general review a
Page 169 and 170: ecommended adjustments. While other
Page 171 and 172: Major flexibility constraints of th
Page 173 and 174: Table 6. Continued. YOY Parr Result
Page 175 and 176: Appendix E - Atlantic Salmon Fisher
Page 177 and 178: easonably be accessed; and 4) minim
Page 179 and 180: Approximately 600,000 smolts are st
Page 181 and 182: operations. Adult fish reared speci
Page 183 and 184: Methods We chose to divide the Peno
Page 185 and 186: • Measure 1b: Sub-drainages with
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Objective 3: Discontinue supplement
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� Strategy- Assess environmental
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Appendix G - Habitat Survey and Ass
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elated to diadromous fishes upstrea
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designs (GRTS), where samples are r
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with panels starting in year 1, 2,
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incorporate further refinements unt
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in statistical analyses stratum Str
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Appendix I - Downstream Passage Stu
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MILFORD (FERC No. 2534) Project Des
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Bangor-Pacific Hydro Associates. 19
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Shepard, S.L. and S.D. Hall. 1991.
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Options under the Multiparty Settle
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As a result of the discussion at th
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By 2000, PPL (new owner of the dams
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arriers to prevent movement of pike
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Kennebec 2008 WhittierPond Vienna N
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are a coldwater species and need ac
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Figure 4. Total species composition
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northern pike (Lucas 2008, Scott an
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Above1 Run 16.3 551 7 FLF, YLP, WHS
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any given water. During warmer peri
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In Maine, lake trout feed primarily
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Piscataquis drainage will likely of
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approximately 14°C”. These tempe
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cover, and aquatic macrophytes are
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and 2) the availability of data in
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Table 5 Northern Pike Waterway Habi
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4. The 40 largest watebodies in the
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5. About 97 percent of the rivers a
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Human-Caused Introductions Backgrou
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Table 7 Maine Lake Northern Pike Di
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Pattern of Introduction and Dispers
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4) The model developed by Solow and
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Inventory of Risk Rating for Waterb
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(Buck's Falls and Cowyard Falls), m
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Prescott Pond Little Wilson Stream
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Summary of Ecological Risk Introduc
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No improvements were made over the
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Level 3 Management actions These ar
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d. Conduct habitat surveys of the P
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Gallagher, M., R. Dill and G. Krame
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Starfield, A. M. and A. L. Bleloch.
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Appendix A: Trapping/Sorting/Counti
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means to “provide safe, timely an
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comprise the majority of fish passi
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exclusion. Information from publish
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A series TSCF system would route al
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(i.e., total exclusion of the targe
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PRFP Page 281
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PRFP Page 283
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Appendix B Outline for Preliminary
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channel would carry almost 1000 cfs
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powerhouse), rock weir/chevron/rest
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PRFP Page 291
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PRFP Page 294
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PRFP Page 296
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populations. Although each member s
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Appendix K - Northern Pike Movement
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MAINE DEPARTMENT OF MARINE RESOURCE
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Table of Contents (Cont’d) LIST O
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2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA 2
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3.0 METHODS Both streams were surve
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4.0 RESULTS 4.1 East Branch Lake 4.
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elevation) difference from the crib
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Figure 4: Water and Channel Elevati
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A portion of the stream passes to t
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4.1.3 Wangan and Sanborn brooks are
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Photo 6: View Looking Northwesterly
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location that would prevent fish fr
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APPENDIX 1 SURVEY OF NATURAL BARRIE
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Figure A-1: Orientation of Study Si
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Photo A-3: View from within Sanborn
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Response to Comments and Suggested
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Response: Early mortality syndrome
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population can provide 97,500 alewi
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DMR proposes to expand the Waldobor
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Salmon Comment: There are advocates
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Table 4. Species disposition Specie
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Kingsbury Pond X Long Pond X Long P
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Halfmoon Pond X Hammond Pond X X X
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West Garland Pond X West Lake X X X
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spread of any invasive species, and
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Response: There are conditions when
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Comment: Plan often uses the terms
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