Operational Plan for the Restoration of Diadromous Fishes to the ...

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Table 10 Piscataquis River Watershed Ponds With Outlet Barriers Name Type River Owner East Davee Brook Site #3 Dam Snows Pond Kingsbury Dam Dam KINGSBURY STREAM TOWN OF KINGSBURY Pingree Dam Dam PINGREE STREAM ROBERT TIPTON Branns Pond Dam Dam BLACK STREAM TOWN OF DOVER FOXCROFT Shirley Pond Dam Dam EAST BRANCH PISCATAQUIS RIVER TOWN OF SHIRLEY Phillips Brooks Dam Dam TR MONSON STREAM TOWN OF MONSON Big Bennett Pond Outlet Dam BENNETT BROOK SEBEC LAKE FISH+GAME ASS Sebec Dam Dam SEBEC RIVER BANGOR HYDRO ELECTRIC CO Schoodic Lake Dam Dam SCHOODIC STREAM BANGOR HYDRO ELECTRIC CO Milo Dam Dam SEBEC RIVER TOWN OF MILO Pond Farm Pond Dam Dam TR-SEBOEIS STREAM STATE OF ME DIFG Lower Wilson Pond Dam Dam BIG WILSON STREAM GREENVILLE MFG CO Pestock Dam Dam BIG WILSON STREAM GREENVILLE MFG CO Seboeis Dam Dam WEST BRANCH SEBOEIS STREAM BANGOR HYDRO ELECTRIC CO Lower Dam Dam PISCATAQUIS RIVER TOWN OF DOVER FOXCROFT Dunham Brook Site 2 Dam Dunham Brook Davee Brook #1 Dam Davee Brook Upper Dam Dam PISCATQUIS RIVER TOWN OF DOVER-FOXCROFT Carlton Stream Dam Dam CARLTON STREAM NUMBER ALL INC Manhanock Pond Dam Dam CARLTON STREAM HALEY CONSTRUCTION CO Manhanock Pond Dam Dam CARLTON STREAM TOWN OF SANGERVILLE First Davis Pond Dam Dam DAVIS BROOK DIAMOND INTERNATIONAL CO Guilford Industries Dam Dam PISCATAQUIS RIVER GUILFORD INDUSTRIES INC Bennett Pond Dam Dam Gales Brook Piper Pond Dam Dam Kingsbury Stream Buttermilk Falls Falls Gauntlet Falls Falls Cowyard Falls Falls Toby Falls Falls Monson Stream Falls Falls Garland Pond Outlet Dam Dam Little Houston Pond Impass block Mountain Brook Pond Falls Falls Cedar Pond Barrier block Gauntlet Pond Barrier block Mill Brook Pond Impass block West Chairback Pond Ledges block Eighteen Pond Falls Falls Cranberry Pond Impass block Notch Pond Impass block Little Wilson Falls Falls Earley Landing Falls Falls Bucks Falls Falls Hatch Falls Falls Key Conclusions PRFP Page 256
Summary of Ecological Risk Introductions of large, top-predators such as northern pike (Esox lucius) negatively affect resident fish communities by disrupting normal feeding behavior (Bystrom et al. 2007), decreasing prey biomass and abundance (He and Kitchell 1990; Findlay et al. 2005) and through extirpation of native species (Findlay et al. 2005; Bystrom et al. 2007). Since 1985, the number of northern pike waters has increased from six to 49 (with 17 expected and one extirpated) statewide (Lucas 2008), representing 72,789 acres in lake surface area. Invasions or introductions of top predators into new ecosystems have been shown to have negative effects on native top predators and dramatic cascading effects on lower trophic levels (Vander Zanden et al. 2004). Several studies have attributed large losses of stocked and migrating salmonids to pike predation in riverine ecosystems. A barrier to pike in the existing fishway at the Browns Mill Project in South Dover would protect approximately 80% of the stocked salmonid area from the establishment of pike through natural dispersal. Pike are known to prefer soft-rayed fish as forage (Petrvozvanskiy 1988; Hakanson 2002), including stocked salmonids, and therefore, it is likely that there will be impacts on the stocked brook trout fisheries in these river systems. Since young pike do occasionally occur in small streams that have a source of coldwater and they prefer soft-rayed fish there could be impacts at the local level for wild trout populations, through direct predation or competition for thermal refuge. There is considerable niche overlap between northern pike and brook trout in lacustrine habitat. Both prefer the littoral zone and both may seek cool water during the warmest periods of the summer. Direct predation is possible in situations where pike and brook trout occupy the same areas, as well as competition for forage, such as minnow species and rainbow smelts. The potential for northern pike to adversely impact landlocked salmon populations is higher in lakes than in rivers and streams primarily because of the differing habitat requirements between the two species. Predation of salmon by pike could be a factor at habitat edges. In addition, juvenile salmon may be vulnerable to predation by adult pike if the migration route involves long stretches of dead water suitable for adult pike or in the lake until they reach an adequate size to escape being eaten. Competition for forage may exist between salmon and pike in lakes, particularly if forage is limited resulting in a situation where both species are relying heavily upon rainbow smelt. The impact of Northern pike on populations of lake trout (togue) will likely be low, as togue thrive in oligotrophic lakes and Northern pike tend to do better in mesotrophic lakes. At the youngest juvenile life stages of Atlantic salmon and northern pike, there is no evidence for potential habitat overlap. With the onset of spring, longer days and PRFP Page 257
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Operational Plan for the Restoratio
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Table of Contents Introduction ....
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Introduction The overarching goal o
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Section 1 - Alewife, American eel,
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Introduction Five species (shortnos
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3.0 Objective: Rebuild the rainbow
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Table 1. List of lakes above Veazie
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Figure 1. Alewife Phase 1 habitat (
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Table 2. River habitat that histori
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Work Plan Table The budget includes
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3.1.3, 3.2.1, and 3.3.1 Estimate th
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USFWS (Seavey). Analysis may includ
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A boat electrofishing survey (Yoder
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Table 5. Results of natural recolon
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Because adult shad mortality increa
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11.0 Rebuild the striped bass popul
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meta-population. Based on watershed
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Objective 12: Increase wild/natural
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Work Plan Table The budget includes
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14.1.2 14.1.3 14.2.1 14.2.2 14.2.3
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12.1.4 Operate the adult Atlantic s
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12.6.1 Proposal to investigate natu
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the ability to target specific area
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occur. Assessment is likely to incl
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smolts needs to be documented (Task
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Section 2 - Passage and Connectivit
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Atlantic salmon. Two dams on the St
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On the tributaries, the downstream
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can prevent the successful downstre
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ensure maximum emigration of target
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18.1.2 Strategy: Develop/conduct as
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21.1.1 Strategy: Develop a Memorand
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17.1.6 17.2.1 17.2.2 17.2.3 17.2.4
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17.6.5 17.6.6 17.6.7 18.1.1 18.1.2
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20.1.6 20.1.7 20.1.8 20.1.9 20.2.1
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Over the past 20 years, there have
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that address fish passage. Similarl
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17.2.4 Assess Fish Passage Improvem
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17.5.1 Review the FERC License and
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18.1.1 Review Need and Process to I
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19.1.4 Consult and/or Partner with
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goals, DMR will need to work with l
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21.1.5 Develop Memorandum of Unders
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Section 3 - Habitat PRFP Page 83
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Hydrology Riparian and organic inpu
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22.8 Strategy: Undertake an IFIM to
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Work Plan Narratives 22.1 Expand US
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Recent surveys in coastal Maine riv
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Section 4 - Non-Native species incl
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23.1.1.1.1.2 East Branch Pond, whic
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Investigate and maintain current bl
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The dam at Schoodic Lake has a 6’
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Work with IFW regional biologists t
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Authors: Joan Trial and Melissa Las
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Objective 28: Support regional and
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Coordinate data collection and shar
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Work Plan Narratives 26.1. Convene
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27.5 Hold an interagency technical
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River Restoration Trust (PRRT or Tr
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Appendices Appendix A - Role of Hat
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Population Structure The ‘concept
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supplementation have been highly su
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3. Blueback Herring Meristic/Morpho
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populations, Waldman et al. (1996)
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Summary No specific information is
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References Anderson, M.G., Vickery,
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Cumberland Basin, New Brunswick. Ph
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Table 1. Sub-drainage and reaches i
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itself verses mortality that may oc
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We estimated cumulative dam mortali
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Female Returns 16000 14000 12000 10
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that must be passed. Furthermore, h
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Appendix C - Penobscot Habitat and
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Parr density (no. / 100 m 2 ) 45 40
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Enfield Weldon to West Enfield Matt
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Habitat (units) Parr Production Hab
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Figure 8. Optimal parr production s
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Subwatershed Dam Reach Management R
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lakes fisheries: a general review a
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ecommended adjustments. While other
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Major flexibility constraints of th
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Table 6. Continued. YOY Parr Result
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Appendix E - Atlantic Salmon Fisher
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easonably be accessed; and 4) minim
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Approximately 600,000 smolts are st
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operations. Adult fish reared speci
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Methods We chose to divide the Peno
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• Measure 1b: Sub-drainages with
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Objective 3: Discontinue supplement
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� Strategy- Assess environmental
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Appendix G - Habitat Survey and Ass
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elated to diadromous fishes upstrea
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designs (GRTS), where samples are r
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with panels starting in year 1, 2,
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incorporate further refinements unt
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in statistical analyses stratum Str
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Appendix I - Downstream Passage Stu
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MILFORD (FERC No. 2534) Project Des
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Bangor-Pacific Hydro Associates. 19
Page 209 and 210: Shepard, S.L. and S.D. Hall. 1991.
Page 211 and 212: Options under the Multiparty Settle
Page 213 and 214: As a result of the discussion at th
Page 215 and 216: By 2000, PPL (new owner of the dams
Page 217 and 218: arriers to prevent movement of pike
Page 219 and 220: Kennebec 2008 WhittierPond Vienna N
Page 221 and 222: are a coldwater species and need ac
Page 223 and 224: Figure 4. Total species composition
Page 225 and 226: northern pike (Lucas 2008, Scott an
Page 227 and 228: Above1 Run 16.3 551 7 FLF, YLP, WHS
Page 229 and 230: any given water. During warmer peri
Page 231 and 232: In Maine, lake trout feed primarily
Page 233 and 234: Piscataquis drainage will likely of
Page 235 and 236: approximately 14°C”. These tempe
Page 237 and 238: cover, and aquatic macrophytes are
Page 239 and 240: and 2) the availability of data in
Page 241 and 242: Table 5 Northern Pike Waterway Habi
Page 243 and 244: 4. The 40 largest watebodies in the
Page 245 and 246: 5. About 97 percent of the rivers a
Page 247 and 248: Human-Caused Introductions Backgrou
Page 249 and 250: Table 7 Maine Lake Northern Pike Di
Page 251 and 252: Pattern of Introduction and Dispers
Page 253 and 254: 4) The model developed by Solow and
Page 255 and 256: Inventory of Risk Rating for Waterb
Page 257 and 258: (Buck's Falls and Cowyard Falls), m
Page 259: Prescott Pond Little Wilson Stream
Page 263 and 264: No improvements were made over the
Page 265 and 266: Level 3 Management actions These ar
Page 267 and 268: d. Conduct habitat surveys of the P
Page 269 and 270: Gallagher, M., R. Dill and G. Krame
Page 271 and 272: Starfield, A. M. and A. L. Bleloch.
Page 273 and 274: Appendix A: Trapping/Sorting/Counti
Page 275 and 276: means to “provide safe, timely an
Page 277 and 278: comprise the majority of fish passi
Page 279 and 280: exclusion. Information from publish
Page 281 and 282: A series TSCF system would route al
Page 283 and 284: (i.e., total exclusion of the targe
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Page 289 and 290: Appendix B Outline for Preliminary
Page 291 and 292: channel would carry almost 1000 cfs
Page 293 and 294: powerhouse), rock weir/chevron/rest
Page 301 and 302: populations. Although each member s
Page 303 and 304: Appendix K - Northern Pike Movement
Page 305 and 306: MAINE DEPARTMENT OF MARINE RESOURCE
Page 307 and 308: Table of Contents (Cont’d) LIST O
Page 309 and 310: 2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA 2
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3.0 METHODS Both streams were surve
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4.0 RESULTS 4.1 East Branch Lake 4.
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elevation) difference from the crib
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Figure 4: Water and Channel Elevati
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A portion of the stream passes to t
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4.1.3 Wangan and Sanborn brooks are
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Photo 6: View Looking Northwesterly
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location that would prevent fish fr
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APPENDIX 1 SURVEY OF NATURAL BARRIE
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Figure A-1: Orientation of Study Si
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Photo A-3: View from within Sanborn
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Response to Comments and Suggested
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Response: Early mortality syndrome
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population can provide 97,500 alewi
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DMR proposes to expand the Waldobor
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Salmon Comment: There are advocates
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Table 4. Species disposition Specie
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Kingsbury Pond X Long Pond X Long P
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Halfmoon Pond X Hammond Pond X X X
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West Garland Pond X West Lake X X X
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spread of any invasive species, and
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Response: There are conditions when
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Comment: Plan often uses the terms
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